chapter 44-regulation – temp; excretion–in class … 7/lecture...ms.sastry, ap biology chp...

Ms.Sastry, AP Biology Chp 44/Unit 7/Regulation 1

Chapter 44-Regulation – temp; excretion–in class follow along lecture notes 1) What does the term REGULATION mean? What are some common ways that animals REGULATE themselves?

b) What is the set/optimal point called that animals try to achieve thru REGULATION? 2) a) What are the advantages of endothermy? b) What are the disadvantages of endothermy?

Central Questions: check to see if you can answer these! 1) How is temperature regulated to maintain homeostasis? 2) How is water and waste regulation accomplished? How is it controlled by hormones

ADH/Vasopressin? 3) Trace the evolutionary trends for both the above processes.

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Water/waste regulation

3) Explain the terms – hyperosmotic, 4) hypoosmotic, and 5) isoosmotic: 5) How do endotherms regulate their temperature – list 4 ways? 6) What are osmoconformers and osmoregulators – which organisms expend energy? Give examples

of the same. 7) What are the evolutionary strategies for water regulation (osmoregulation) in the following:

Protist:

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Fishes: fresh water Fishes: saltwater Tetrapods;

8) Why is nitrogen loss an important determinant of water/osmo regulation? Where is nitrogen removed from?

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9) How do fishes, birds, reptiles and mammals excrete their Nitrogen wastes – tie this to their mode of living. 10) Compare ammonia, urea, and uric acid in their toxicity and water use for excretion. 11) What is transport epithelium – why is it needed for nitrogen excretion? 12) What is the three step process used by excretory systems that remove urea and are involved in water regulation in vertebrates?

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13) Describe the structures involved in osmoregulation and urine production in mammals. Describe

how this process works? 14) Describe the protonephridia, metanephridia, and Malpighian tubules. How do they work and in what animals are they found? How is the mammalian kidney better?

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14) Describe the regulation of urine production by ADH/RAAS – very important.

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16) Describe in words what these pictures show

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17) Describe in words what these pictures show