chapter eleven notes election of 1800-louisiana purchase
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Chapter eleven notes
• Election of 1800-Louisiana Purchase
Election of 1800
• Ugly, mudslinging-affair
– VP candidate received same # of votes (Burr)
• Successful changing of guard
– No hint of feared anarchy
– Testament to the stability possible with a democracy
• Federalists (many revolutionaries, intellectuals), pushed aside in favor of more action
Jefferson’s administration
• Attempts to build bridges between two parties
– Adoption of Hamilton’s program’s including the support of funding the debt.
– Jefferson himself believed in a more egalitarian view, without one group greater than another.
Judiciary Act of 1801
• Last minute justices appointed by Adams upset Republicans
• Jefferson repealed the Act—16 Justices lost their position.
– Marbury appealed, but Chief Justice John Marshall turned it down because it was unconstitutional.
• Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the precedent for judicial branch (S.C. determines the constitutionality of an issue)
• What looked like a loss for Marshall was actually a victory
• Attempt to impeach Justice Samuel Chase failed.
• This established a precedent that the executive branch has not attempted to unseat “sitting judges”
Jefferson and the military
• Feared that a strong military could threaten the people and ruin the democracy.
• The Pasha of Tripoli wanted more $ for protection of ravaged U.S. Ships in the Mediterranean.
– Jefferson sent the Navy
– War lasted for 4 years (off and on)—and this aided the development of the Navy.
– “Mosquito Fleet” was born –proved worthless during War of 1812
Louisiana Purchase
• Great deal even at the cost of Jefferson’s principles
– He feared that French possession of LA would eventually lead to a fight against France
– Napoleon was interested in selling the land because of problems in Santo Domingo such as mosquitoes (Yellow Fever), and a revolt led by Toussaint L’Ouverture. Also in lengthy dispute w/ Britain
• 15 million paid for all of LA, even though Jefferson only intended to buy New Orleans for 10 million.
• Opposed by Federalists (they claimed unconstitutionality, but really feared addition of Western States)
• Purchase eventually allowed the country to look to the west in search of their future, not towards Europe and their many problems.
Louisiana Purchase
Embargo Act of 1807
• War in Britain and France made trade difficult for American merchants. Both made laws forbidding other countries to sail into the other’s ports. British made a practice of impressing American sailors when they came upon American ships
• Jefferson issued the Embargo Act, forbidding Americans from exporting goods from American ports
– Americans starved
– A navy could have been built to protect American ships
Americans feared that the war between would go on for too long, and that Americans would suffer.
• Embargo Act replaced in 1809 with a more limited Non-Intercourse Act.
• Somehow, this led to the growth of manufacturing in New England (something that Jefferson did not want).
Create a political cartoon
• Use one of the topics from this chapter, and create a cartoon that displays a distinct point of view from someone in the United States.
• Possible topics include, Marbury vs. Madison, Embargo Act, LA Purchase, War with Tripoli, election of 1800.
• For Thursday: finish cartoon, take outline notes on pages 226-240 (focus on the War of 1812)
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