chemistry

CHEMISTRY

1/21/14

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I. What is an atom? Pg 3

Atoms are the basic unit of matter All matter is made up of tiny atoms Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space

What are the 3 types of matter? Solid, Liquid, and Gas

What is an element?

An element is a pure substance that is made from a single type of atom

Atom

Atoms are the building blocks of all matter

water

Molecule Atom

O

H H

Subatomic

Subatomic ParticlesProton Neutron Electron

Location in the Atom

Mass

Charge

II. Structure of an atom

There are 3 subatomic particles in an atom Proton Neutron Electron

Can you label the protons, neutrons, and electrons on the atom above?

III. Atomic Nucleus

The nucleus is a dense area at the center of the atom Protons and neutrons are found in the atomic nucleus

THE PROTON

p+•Found in the nucleus •Heavy: 1 amu (atomic mass unit)• Positive: +1

THE NEUTRON

N°

• Located in the nucleus.•Heavy: 1 amu• Neutral: 0 charge

Nucleus is held together with

nuclear energy

Electron cloud is full of zipping electrons

NUCLEUS: HEAVY BUT TINY PART OF ATOM.FOUND IN CENTER OF AN ATOM AND HOLDS 2 IMPORTANT SUBATOMIC PARTS.

½ Football FieldOuter Edge

of Atom

Nucleus

50 End

Zone

1/22/14 pg 4

What are the three parts of an atom and their charges?

IV. Electrons

Electrons have a relatively small mass compared to protons and neutrons

It takes the mass of (roughly)1800 electrons to equal 1 proton or neutron

THE ELECTRON• Found in the electron cloud•Very light: 0 amu

• Negative: -1 e-

V. How small is an atom?

Atoms are TINY! 20 million hydrogen atoms would fit inside the

period at the end of this sentence. You are made of billions and billions of atoms

Protons

e-p+ N°

Neutrons Electrons

Positive+1

Neutral0

Negative-1

N0P+e-

e-

e-

P+P+

Please complete the following tableProton Neutron Electron

Location in the Atom

Mass

Charge

Nucleus NucleusElectron

Cloud

Heavy Heavy Very LightPositive

+1Neutral

0Negative

-1

VII. Review of Atomic Structure

What is the basic unit of matter? Atom

What are the 3 subatomic particles? Proton, Neutron, Electron

What’s the electrical charge of a proton? Positive (+)

What’s the electrical charge of a neutron? Neutral

What’s the electrical charge of an electron? Negative (-)

How to read an element pg 5

How many protons? Look at: Atomic Number: The number of protons in an atom How many electrons?Atoms must have equal numbers of protons and electrons. (look at the atomic number)How many neutrons?Subtract atomic number from atomic mass

Atomic mass: (Number of Protons) + (Number of Neutrons)

0

+++

- -

-

Name 3 things that are wrong with this atom

0

+ +

-

+

--

0

Name 3 things that are wrong with this atom

00

0 0

+

+

-

-+

0

0

What is wrong with this Atom?

Draw an atom CORRECTLY

2 protons, 1 neutron, 2 electrons

REVIEW Proton: positive Neutron: Neutral Electron: Negative

1/29/14 IQ pg6

Describe the where the mass of an atom comes from. Where is it located? What are the subatomic particles that make up the mass?

ATOMIC CHARGES

Positive and positive repel (go away from) each other

Negative and negative repel each other Positive and negative attract each other

ION

Ion: Electrically charged particle produced by either removing or adding electrons from/to a neutral atom

When an ion is formed, the number of protons does not change.

Positive Ion: When an atom has more protons than electrons, giving the atom a positive charge. One or more electrons are removed

Negative Ion: When an atom has more electrons than protons, giving the atom a negative charge. One or more electrons are added.