chesapeake bay: an introduction to an ecosystem section 4: communities ii-1e5: bottom

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Chesapeake Bay: An Introduction to an Ecosystem Section 4: Communities II-1E5: Bottom. View this quiz as a slide show from “the beginning” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Chesapeake Bay:An Introduction to an Ecosystem

Section 4: CommunitiesII-1E5: Bottom

• View this quiz as a slide show from “the beginning”• During the slide show, you can right click on any slide and

choose pointer options then pen or highlighter to write on any slide. But you will need to right click & choose pointer options then arrow before you can click on any of the navigation links again.

Click to Start

The organisms that live on and in the bottom sediments of the Bay form complex communities. Known as ______________, these bottom-dwellers include animals, plants and bacteria..

No hint

benthos

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-1

Benthic organisms often are differentiated by their habitat.

___________, like oysters, barnacles and sponges, live upon a surface.

No hint

Epifauna

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-2

Worms and clams, considered ____________, form their own

community structure beneath the bottom sediments, connected to the

water by tubes and tunnels.

No hint

infauna

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-3

The roots and lower portions of bay grasses supply the physical support for a

variety of ___________ organisms.

No hint

epiphytic

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-4

An _________ bar‚ and the many species it supports, is another example of a

benthic community.

No hint

oyster

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-5

What three animals make up benthic communities that exist on or in bare,

unvegetated substrate?

No hint

1. Mollusks2. Worms3. Crustaceans

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-6

What two factors affects the distribution of bottom-dwellers?

No hint

1. Salinity2. Sediment type

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-7

What is the best sediment for diverse benthic communities?

No hint

a mixture of sand, silt and clay.

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-8

Oysters need a ______________ surface, preferably another oyster shell, on which

the larval spat can attach or set.

No hint

clean hard

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-9

Oysters form a reef community that is important habitat for other __________ species.

No hint

benthic

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-10

What two condition of the water and sediments does the benthic community affect?

General terms

1. Physical2. chemical

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-11

Some benthic animals build tubes or burrows through which they pump

water. ________ _________ _________, such as worms, plow through the

sediments in search of food.

No hint

Infaunal deposit feeders

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-12

Many benthic animals bind sediments together as ______________ that

remain at the bottom.

No hint

fecal pellets

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-13

____________, such as adult blue crabs, scurry across bottom searching for food.

No hint

Predators

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-14

The feeding activities of benthic animals stir the sediments, increasing the rate of

exchange of materials into the water column and increasing diffusion of

benthic animals ___________ into the sediments

No hint

oxygen

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-15

Explain how filter feeders, like oysters and clams, can be harmed by pollutants.

No hint

Filter feeders pump large volumes of water through their bodies and extract food from it. As they filter water for food, they also remove sediments and organic matter, cleaning the water. Since many chemical contaminants often are present in sediments, benthic fauna often are exposed to and harmed by pollutants

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-16

Some benthic organisms are widely distributed but others are limited more by _________ which also determines the distribution of certain benthic predators, parasites and diseases.

No hint

salinity

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-17

Match the benthic organism to the salinity it requires.

No hint

ACBCA

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-18

__ hard clams__ freshwater mussels__ soft-shelled clams__ Brackish water clams__ oysters

A. Higher saline waters

B. Mid-salinity waters C. Lower salinities

____________, a lethal parasite has decimated oyster populations of the

mid-Bay.

3 initials

MSX

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-19

___________, a disease caused by another parasite, has decimated oyster

populations of the lower Bay.

Sounds like a skin disease

Dermo

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-20

_______________ and _____________, which feed on oysters, are less of a

problem in upper Bay waters because of their intolerance to low salinities.

No hint

Hint Answer Next Slide

II-1E5-21

starfishOyster drills

Label the organisms in the bethnic community

Hint – word bank Answer – click hint 1st Last Slide

II-1E5-22

__ Black-fingered mud crab__ Skilletfish__ Soft-shelled clam__ Atlantic oyster drill__ American oyster

__ A hard clam__ Whip mudworms__ Oyster spat__ Common clam worm

__ Ivory barnacle__ Skilletfish__ red ribbon worm__ Glassy tubeworm

GLEBM

AHJC

KLDF

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