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CIVIL WAR VOC.
Blockade - sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering
or leaving.
Anaconda Plan - North’s Plan to defeat the South during the Civil War
Border States - Slaves states that remained in the Union
Ally - a country that cooperates with another
Garrison – a body of troops stationed in a fortified place
Demoralize - to deprive of spirit, courage, discipline
The Blue & The Gray
The Blue and the Gray was
a television miniseries set
during the American
Civil War.
Told the story of how
the Civil War put family
against family.
Lincoln’s Dilemma
What event caused the Civil War to begin?
Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter
VA, TN, AK, NC join the Confederacy.
The Southern Capital is moved from Alabama to Richmond. VA
Lincoln is left with less experienced and less effective Generals.
ROBERT E. LEE leads the Confederate ArmyLee opposed secession, but did not believe the Union
should be held together by force.
Civil War Strategy
NORTH O F F E N S I V E
ANACONDA PLAN
1)Blockade southern Ports
2)Split the South in TWO
3)Capture Richmond
SOUTHDEFENSIVE1) Hold on until the
North gets tired.2) Capture D.C.3) Get aid from
France & England
Bull Run-1st Major Battle
• Neither were ready for battle. • Union troops were
defeated and retreated.
Bull Run, Manassas, Virginia
The Confederate victory at Bull Run in Virginia boosted Southern spirits and demonstrated to the North that the war would not be easily won.
Secession Quick Check Review1. Withdraw from the Union means
a. Secede b. Ratify c. Civil War
2. Southern States left the Union when _____ was elected.
a. Fillmore b. Lincoln c. Douglas
3. The president of the Confederate States of America was
a. Jeff Davis b. John Calhoun c. John Breckinridge
4. _________ was a slave state that stayed in the Union.
a. Georgia b. South Carolina c. Kentucky
5. Stephen Douglas is most closely associated with the idea of
a. popular sovereignty b. abolition c. secession
6. T/F Lincoln believes secession was illegal.
7. The Capitol of the South was ______________.
8. _________ was chosen to lead the Confederate Army.
9. Which side used the Anaconda Plan as part of its strategy?
Textbook: Assignment
Page 362 Check Point Questions (2)
Page 363 Thinking Critically questions 1, 2
Page 365 Check Point Question
Weapons of Mass Destruction• "People who are anxious to bring on
war don't know what they are bargaining for; they don't see all the horrors that must accompany such an event.“
– Thomas J. Jackson
Lincoln uses technology to gain an edge on the South.
A Soldier's Life
• Soldiers lived in harsh conditions, with supply shortages and bad food.
• Diseases and infections killed more men than battle wounds did.
Civil War Military Leaders
Pierre BeauregardConfederate General ordered the attack on
Fort Sumter George McClellanUnion General , President Lincoln fired him
General Thomas "Stonewall" JacksonConfederate General nicknames "Stonewall" because he stood like a stone wall against the Union Army at the first Battle of Bull Run
The South wins most early Battles!
Battle of Hampton Roads
After four hours of fighting, neither ironclad seriously damaged the other in their one day of fighting.
The Monitor had prevented the Confederates hopes of breaking the Union blockade.
Monitor vs. Merrimack
The battle of the Monitor and the Merrimack.
THE BATTLE OF Antietam
Antietam: Sharpsburg, Maryland
• Bloody battle in Maryland resulted in a tie and Robert E. Lee’s army has to retreat back into Virginia. Lee attacked the north because he needed a victory on northern soil.
Lincoln Fires McClellan
Makes Ulysses Grantthe head of the Union Army.
ROBERT SMALLS – Sails his way to freedom
Robert Smalls went on to serve with the Union during the war, and beginning in 1868, in the South Carolina House of Representatives. Robert Smalls was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives to begin his first term in 1875.
Issued after the Battle of Antietam: Freed all slaves who lived in states still in rebellion on Jan. 1, 1863
Emancipation Proclamation issued after the Battle of Antietam
• Turned the war into a Moral Issue.
• Kept European countries from helping the South.
• Allowed Blacks to join the Union army
• Made the destruction of slavery a Northern war aim.
Frederick Douglass asks Lincoln to let Blacks serve as soldiers.
At first, most leaders were against using Black soldiers….By the end of the war, Lincoln believed that the use of Black troops had been critical to the success of the Union forces.
Glory!!The Story of the 54th Massachusetts Colored Regiment
• Both tragic and uplifting, this is the story of the Civil War's first all-black volunteer company. Based on the letters of Colonel Robert Shaw of the Federal Army, who volunteered to lead the company.
The Union failed in their
attack onFort Wagner
The unit even fought to ensure equal pay for its service. When the promise of a $13 monthly wage equal to white regiments was cut to $10, the 54th regiment refused payment unless they would receive what they'd been promised. As a result, they received no pay for 18 months.
At the Battle of Chancellorsvillethe South won, but Stonewall Jackson
is accidently killed.
– Without the cavalry reinforcements, Confederate troops are crushed by the Union forces; as Pickett’s Charge fails. The South loses 28000 men in the 3 day battle.
– Battle of Gettysburg: Turning Point of the Civil War
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
Lincoln’s Vision • Lincoln says “all men are created equal.”
• He ended by saying; “a government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from this earth.”
Lincoln believed America was “one indivisible nation,” not acollection of sovereign states.
Lincoln believed the Civil War was fought to fulfill the promise of the Declaration of Independence and was a 2nd American Revolution.
What was Lincoln’s vision in the Gettysburg Address?
1. Preserving the Union
2. Abolishing Slavery
EVENTS of the Civil War….QUICK CHECK1. What were the 2 speeches written by Lincoln?2. Who wrote the Gettysburg Address?
3. The South retreated..so the Union declared a win in this battle?
a. Gettysburg b. Chancellorsville c. Antietam
4. Who convinced Lincoln to allow Blacks to join the Army? a. Frederick Douglass b. Robert E. Lee c. Harriet Tubman
5. Part of the Union strategy was to ______ southern ports.
6. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which freed all the slaves. TRUE/FALSE
7. Who was killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville?
a. Lee b. Jackson c. George McClellan
8. Gettysburg was the major turning point of the Civil War
TRUE/FALSE
9. Who won the Battle of Gettysburg? a. North b. South
10. The Black Regiment whose story was told in the movie “glory” ____.
Vicksburg, Mississippi
Union Victory – Splits the Confederacy Gives the Union control of the
Mississippi River
The Civil War Drags on: Quick Check
1. What were the 2 war aims in the Gettysburg Address?2. Stonewall Jackson was killed during the battle of ______.3. The story of the 54th Mass. Regiment was told in the movie _____
4. What battle ended in a tie (but the North claimed victory)?
5. TRUE/FALSE --The war helped the southern economy.
6. ________ (speech) freed enslaved people only in areas that were fighting the Union.
7. TRUE/FALSE – At first, most state leaders had no interest in recruiting African American soldiers.
8. TRUE/FALSE – During the Civil War, thousands of soldiers were killed in charges against new, more effective weapons.
9. Which battle was a turning point in the Civil War in 1863?
10.Which battle gave the Union control of the Mississippi River?
Gen. Grant unleashes William Sherman on the South
We will burn Atlanta!
TOTAL WARMake southern civilians feel the pain of WAR. General Sherman destroyed Confederate railroad tracks, supplies, and communication lines.
After GA, Sherman then started North into South Carolina. There his troops took particular pleasure at destroying property at the sight of what was considered the heart of the rebellion- South Carolina.
TOTAL WAR Make southern civilians feel the pain of WAR. General Sherman destroyed Confederate railroad tracks, supplies, and communication lines.
Sherman’s March to the Sea
General Grant broke through at Petersburg and forced the Confederates to burn Richmond. General Lee’s army surrendered to Grant at Appomattox April 9, 1865.
The war officially ended on May 26, 1865.
A map of the final campaign in Virginia
.
April 9, 1865 at Appomattox… Lee surrenders to Grant
Lincoln’s view that the U.S was one indivisible Nation had prevailed.
After four years of arduous service marked by unsurpassed courage and fortitude the Army of Northern Virginia has been compelled to yield to overwhelming numbers and resources!
Where did Lee surrender to Grant?
I will offer you generous terms of
surrender.
What four things did the secession of the Southern
states trigger?
1. The Civil War
2. Northern victory
3. The Union restored
4. Emancipation of African-American slaves
Key People
• Lincoln-U.S. President• Jefferson Davis-Confederate President
• Robert E. Lee-Confederate Gen.
• Ulysses. S. Grant-Union Gen.
• William T. Sherman-”March to the Sea”
• Clara Barton-angel of the battlefield
Nurse (Red Cross)
• Frederick Douglass-Former slave who urged Lincoln to let Blacks fight in the Union army.
What were the dates of the Civil War?
1861-1865
Lincoln’s PlanLincoln believed Reconstruction was a matter
of quickly restoring legitimate state
governments that were loyal to the Union in
the Southern States.
– "With malice toward none; with charity for all...to bind
the nation’s wounds…let us strive on to finish the work we are in...to do all which may achieve and cherish a just, and a lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all nations,"
– Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan was lenient on the South.– Since secession was illegal the South never really left the
UNION!!!
Lincoln and Davis At 10:13 p.m. John Wilkes Booth shoots the president in the head. The nation mourns the assassination of Lincoln.
April 14, 1865
Ford’s Theater
The End of the Civil War: Quick Check
1. The Civil War greatly affected the economy of VA. TRUE/FALSE
2. Where did Lee surrender to Grant?
3. ________ means to destroy the South’s will to fight.
4. What two Southern cities did Sherman “burn” in Georgia?
5. ________ carried out the destructive “March to the Sea”
6. _______ was called the “Angel Of The Battlefield.”
7. __________ was the President of the Confederacy.
8. Before taking Richmond…Grant defeated Southern forces in
__________, Virginia (about 20 miles south of Richmond).
9. TRUE/FALSE The Civil War started in 1860 and ended in 1865.
10. TRUE/FALSE Southerners burned Richmond…their own
Capitol.
Describing A Historical EventChoose one of the following and write a
NEWSPAPER Article to Describe the Event..
Include a picture that relates to your Event.• The Compromise of 1877• The Civil War starts at Fort Sumter• The Monitor vs. The Merrimack • Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation• The Supreme Court rules in Plessy v. Ferguson• The Great Migration• The “March to the Sea”• Lee and Grant at Appomattox Court House• The Death of Lincoln
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