client/server model. peer-to-peer network server-based network

Client/Server Model

Peer-to-Peer Network

Workstation Workstation Workstation Workstation

Server-based Network

Client ServerC lient C lient

Bus Topology

Star Topology

C lient

Server

Ring Topology

Server

C lient

Star Bus Network

Bus TrunkCentralized Hub

Server

Client

Mesh Topology

Server

Client

OSI Model Layers

Packet Structure

Trailer

Data

Header

Application, Transportand Network Protocols

Local Area Networks

Wide Area Networks

Network Access Points

Networking Devices

Repeater

Bridge

Router

Gateway

CSU/DSU

Patch Panel

LAN Standardsand the OSI/RM

LLC and MAC SublayersDefined in IEEE 802.2

MAC Address Components

00 – 80 – 5F – EA – C6 – 10

Vendor Code Interface Serial Number

Token Ring Network with MAU

Client

Server

MultistationAccessUnit

FDDI StandardServer

DataFlow

DataFlow

C lient

Frame-Relay Packet Switching

The Internet Architecture

De-multiplexing

Port Numbers

IP Address Fields

• Contain 8 bits per field• Range from 0 to 255 decimal

field1.field2.field3.field4

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 8

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 = 255

1 = On0 = Off

Resolving IP Addressesto Ethernet Addresses

I P address (32-bit)

Ethernet address (48-bit)

DHCP Initialization Process

Typical RemoteConnectivity Solution

Security Modelsand Authentication

text

Peer-levelAccess

User-levelAccess

Peer-to-PeerNetwork Security Model

Athena Aphrodite Hermes

Apollo Ares

Printer

User-based Network

Athena Aphrodite Hermes

AresApollo

User AccountsDatabase

Printer A

Printer B

User Accounts Databaseand User Permissions

Flow of a Print Task

Disk Striping

Disk Mirroring

Disk Stripingwith Large Blocks

Disk Striping with Parity

Symmetric-Key Encryption

Public-Key Encryption