closing the west plains indians

Treaty of Ft. Laramie Treaty of Ft. Laramie (1851)(1851)

ColoradoColoradoGold Rush Gold Rush

(1859)(1859)

Colonel John ChivingtonColonel John ChivingtonColonel John ChivingtonColonel John Chivington

Kill and scalp all, big Kill and scalp all, big and little!and little!

Sandy Creek, CO Sandy Creek, CO MassacreMassacre

November 29, 1864November 29, 1864

Capt. William J. FettermanCapt. William J. FettermanCapt. William J. FettermanCapt. William J. Fetterman

80 soldiers massacred80 soldiers massacredDecember 21, 1866December 21, 1866

Treaty of Medicine Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek (1867)Lodge Creek (1867)

22ndnd Treaty of Treaty of Ft. Laramie (1868)Ft. Laramie (1868)

ReservationReservationPolicyPolicy

ReservationReservationPolicyPolicy

Gold Found in Gold Found in the Black the Black

Hills of the Hills of the Dakota Dakota

Territory!Territory!

18741874

Gold Found in Gold Found in the Black the Black

Hills of the Hills of the Dakota Dakota

Territory!Territory!

18741874

The Battle of Little Big The Battle of Little Big HornHorn18761876

The Battle of Little Big The Battle of Little Big HornHorn18761876

Chief Sitting BullChief Sitting Bull

Gen. GeorgeGen. GeorgeArmstrong Armstrong

CusterCuster

Chief Joseph Chief Joseph I will I will fight no more forever!fight no more forever!

Chief Joseph Chief Joseph I will I will fight no more forever!fight no more forever!

Nez Percé Nez Percé tribal tribal

retreat (1877)retreat (1877)

Geronimo, Apache Chief: Geronimo, Apache Chief: Hopeless CauseHopeless Cause

Geronimo, Apache Chief: Geronimo, Apache Chief: Hopeless CauseHopeless Cause

Helen Hunt JacksonHelen Hunt JacksonHelen Hunt JacksonHelen Hunt Jackson

A Century of DishonorA Century of Dishonor (1881) (1881)A Century of DishonorA Century of Dishonor (1881) (1881)

Susette La FlescheSusette La FlescheSusette La FlescheSusette La Flesche

Omaha Indian Omaha Indian lecture tour on lecture tour on Native American issues in the Native American issues in the

1870s1870s

Omaha Indian Omaha Indian lecture tour on lecture tour on Native American issues in the Native American issues in the

1870s1870s

Dawes Severalty Act Dawes Severalty Act (1887):(1887):

Assimilation PolicyAssimilation Policy

Dawes Severalty Act Dawes Severalty Act (1887):(1887):

Assimilation PolicyAssimilation Policy

Carlisle Indian School, PACarlisle Indian School, PA

Arapahoe “Ghost Dance”, Arapahoe “Ghost Dance”, 18901890

Arapahoe “Ghost Dance”, Arapahoe “Ghost Dance”, 18901890

Chief Big Foot’s Lifeless Chief Big Foot’s Lifeless BodyBody

Wounded Knee, SD, 1890Wounded Knee, SD, 1890

Chief Big Foot’s Lifeless Chief Big Foot’s Lifeless BodyBody

Wounded Knee, SD, 1890Wounded Knee, SD, 1890

Indian Reservations TodayIndian Reservations TodayIndian Reservations TodayIndian Reservations Today

Crazy Horse Monument:Crazy Horse Monument:Black Hills, SDBlack Hills, SD

Crazy Horse Monument:Crazy Horse Monument:Black Hills, SDBlack Hills, SD

Lakota ChiefLakota ChiefLakota ChiefLakota Chief

Korczak Ziolkowski, SculptorKorczak Ziolkowski, SculptorCrazy Horse MonumentCrazy Horse Monument

Korczak Ziolkowski, SculptorKorczak Ziolkowski, SculptorCrazy Horse MonumentCrazy Horse Monument

His vision of the finished His vision of the finished memorial.memorial.

His vision of the finished His vision of the finished memorial.memorial.

Mt. Rushmore: Black Hills, SDMt. Rushmore: Black Hills, SDMt. Rushmore: Black Hills, SDMt. Rushmore: Black Hills, SD