copyright 2004 foreman architects engineers school security from common sense to high tech
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Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
School Security
From Common Sense to High Tech
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Safety and Security in School Buildings
•The reality is that schools remain as one of the safest places for children, faculty and students•Our intent is an overview of safety and security•Additional information available through internet links on the Pennsylvania Department of Education Website
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Typical School Crimes
•Theft and Burglaries•Vandalism •Violence against Students or Teachers•Weapons and Contraband•Drug and Alcohol Use•Fire and Life Safety Issues•Terrorist Threats•Unauthorized Access to Facility
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Rate of nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18 per
1,000 students, by type of crime and location: 1992–2001
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Categories of School Safety and Security
•Site
•Building Design
•Interior Spaces
•Electronic Systems and Devices
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
School Site
•Welcoming but secure•Clear site and building access points•Signage and directional Indicators•Control access with fences, gates and landscaping•Separation of vehicular, pedestrian and bus traffic•Visual supervision of site features•Adequate site lighting•Clearly defined gathering spaces
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
School Design
•Single story buildings•Single clearly defined entrance for visitors•Direct observation of all visitors•Main visitor entrance through admin office•No hidden or recessed entrances•Air conditioning in lieu of open windows•Security Screens•Restrict access to roof areas
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
School Design Continued
•All exterior doors locked •Access control devices on exterior doors•Remote releases on strikes or locks•Position monitoring devices on doors and windows •Local or remote alarms on exterior doors•Classroom lockable from classroom side•Eliminate exterior hardware on exit doors•Jamb guards and protection plates
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Interior Spaces
•Main Problem areas; large groups, or isolated areas•Common areas like corridors, cafeterias, entrances•Restrooms, Locker Rooms, Storage Rooms•Reduce isolated areas thru design•Eliminate long empty corridors•Territorial Control•Increase visibility through glass windows
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Interior Spaces Continued
•Eliminate blind spots and hidden areas•Limit access to locker rooms•Eliminate doors on rest rooms•Locate restrooms adjacent to administrative areas•Prohibit overnight storage in athletic lockers•Design lockers into classrooms•Provide monitoring devices; CCTV, sensors
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Electronic Systems and Devices
Card Access Control Systems•Monitoring of all exterior doors•Centralized alarm reporting of door status•Access with authorized proximity/identification card only•Access controlled by time, date and type of user•Lost cards can be de-activated and not duplicated•System maintains a record of who entered and when •Intrusion detection systems for unoccupied hours
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Electronic Systems and Devices Continued
Security Camera Systems (CCTV)•Primarily a visual deterrent •Cameras should be monitored by security personnel•Video record only if event occurs at a camera location•Vandal resistant high resolution color cameras recommended•Digital surveillance video can be searched by date and time•Video identification of visitors or user of access control card•Stored or live video can be accessed from any networked PC
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Electronic Systems and Devices Continued
Metal Detectors work very well but:•Require a trained staff – 3 per detector•Require space for arriving students•15 to 25 students can be processed per minute per detector if students prepared•Moderately priced models $4,000 to $5,000
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Electronic Systems and Devices Continued
•Hand held scanners
•Biometric identification system
•Panic Buttons and Duress Alarms
•Multifunctional Smart Cards
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Security Design Model
Deterrence Detection Delay
Response Consequences
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
Additional Considerations
•Policies and Procedures
•Planning for Emergencies
•Training and Practices
•For additional information, contact
Foreman Architects Engineers
Copyright 2004 Foreman Architects Engineers
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