country report : thailand implementation of codex...

Pisan Pongsapitch

Director, Off ice of Standard Development

National Bureau Of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards (ACFS), Thai land

Country Report : Thailand

Implementation of Codex Standards at National Level

FAO Workshop on Implementing Codex , 19 September 2012, visiting ACFS, Thailand

Road Map of Food safety

Farm level

Import RM+Input

Produce/ Product

Market

(Domestic/ Export)

Food Manufacturing

level

I II III IV V

- Registration &

Inspection of

pesticide,

fertilizer

vet drug, other chemicals

- Border

control of RM,

foods, feeds, animal

GAP Implementation & Certification

GMP/HACCP

Implementation & Certification

- Product

Registration

/Certification

& Issue of ‘Q’

Mark

- Product

Inspection before export

-Product

monitoring

- Control hygiene of market/retailer

- Consumer

communication &

Control

advertising

-Inspect & Certify

product for

export

- SPS/Trade

negotiation

Traceability

Food safety standards

National Policy on Food Safety

Single standard for both domestic consumption and export

Development/Improvement through Standardization /Legal control - Standard harmonization

Agricultural extension / Food education

Traceability system

National Agencies in charge of Food control

Food production, mainly primary production (safety + quality)

Food trade, mainly export

Food security

Consumer protection (safety + quality)

Some parts of food production related to consumer protection

Food import

Domestic market including food service

Ministry of Agriculture

- Production based

Ministry of Health

- Health based

Health : Food Act 1979

Regulated by Ministry of Public Health (MOPH),

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Food establishments registration

Establish regulations on specific foods

Control of food sold domestically / Imported

foods

Control of food labelling + food advertising

* All mandatory

Agricultural standards Act 2008

New Act – Effective August 2008

Establish single standard aiming for the safety and quality of agricultural commodity and applied equally to producer , exporter & importer of agricultural commodities

Also applied to certification bodies (CB) who inspect / certify upon agricultural standards with the aim to strengthening the capacity and reliability of private CB

Thai Agricultural Standard; TAS

STANDARDS FOR FOOD CHAIN

Farm Industry

Product (Export)

GAP

Organic

GMP

HACCP Product standard (Safety & Quality)

Hygiene of food service

Product (Domesti

c)

Activities

Standard setting

Agri. Extension/ Std. Implementation

Inspection & Certification

Accreditation

MOAC : Roles on Food Safety Standardization

Plants Livestocks Fisheries

ACFS

DOAE, CPD

DOA, RD

DLD DOF

DLD DOF

ACFS

Communication & Education

All

ACFS

- Farmers

- Processors

- Scientists

- Consumers

Products Consumers

National Standards

Standard Setting

Production Std.

Commodity Std.

General Std.

Focal Points (Codex, OIE, IPPC)

8 Steps

Standard Setting

ACFS : National standard setting

1. Prioritization of a standard 2. Establishment of Technical Committee - all stakeholders including * scientists, experts * government officers, * farmers * private sectors 3. Standard drafting

ACFS : National standard setting

4. Draft standard considered by the Technical Committee

5. Public hearing / Requesting comments from all stakeholders

6. Draft standard approved by the National Committee on Agricultural Standards

7. WTO Notification (for mandatory standard)

8. Standard Approval and Notified in the Royal Gazette

* Standard review and possibly revised every 5 y

19/09/55 12

Q – Mark: Certification Mark for Qualified Systems or Products

From International to

National Standards

Alignment of National Standards to Codex Standards

Adopting

Adapting

ISO/IEC Guide 21-2:2005

ISO/IEC Guide 21-2:2005 : Regional or national adoption of International Standards and other International Deliverables

Adopting international standard

Identical

Modification

Not equivalent

Identical

The regional or national standards is identical to the International Standard under the following conditions:

a) the regional or national standard is identical in technical content, structure and wording

b) the regional or national standards is identical in technical content and structure, although it may contain the following minimal editorial changes:

Modified

Technical deviation clearly identified and explain

Structure deviations easy identified

Contain less

Contain more

Contain some differing requirements

Etc.

Not equivalent

Not equivalent = Not adoption (Adapting)

Technical deviation

not clearly identified

Structure deviation

Example of Adoption of Codex Standards

Codex RCP 1 (GMP)/HACCP

TAS 9023-2007 : CODE OF PRACTICE : GENERAL

PRINCIPLES OF FOOD HYGIENE

TAS 9024-2007 : HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL

CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEM AND GUIDELINES FOR ITS APPLICATION

Codex Principles and Guideline for the Conduct of Microbiological Risk Assessment

TAS. 9015-2007 - PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES FOR THE

CONDUCT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT

Identical adoption

Example of Adapting of Codex Standards

Codex Guideline for Organic

TAS 9000 – 2009 : Organic Agriculture Part 1 : Guideline for the Production, Processing, labelling and sale of the Produce and Product from Organic Agriculture

Adapting from Codex Standard with some inputs from IFOAM standard and national practices

Other Type of Adoption of Codex Standards

Codex MRL/EMRL for Pesticides

TAS 9003-2004 : Pesticide Residues: Extraneous Maximum Residue Limits (MRL)

TAS 9002-2008 : Pesticide Residues: Maximum Residue Limits (EMRL)

* Identical, Modify & Not equivalent

The Establishment of Thai MRLs

MRL Establishment

TAS 9002-2004 : 12 pesticides 214 MRLs

TAS 9002-2006 : replaced TAS 9002-2004

- Total 36 pesticides 652 MRLs

TAS 9002-2008 : replaced TAS 9002-2006

- Total 40 pesticides 690 MRLs

TAS 9003-2004 : Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (EMRL) 5 pesticides 79 EMRLs

Codex/JMPR

ACFS

ADI/ARfD

Approved label = GAP

Data i.e. Codex MRLs Supervised Trial, other

countries’ national MRLs

MRL - Recommendation Exposure assessment MRL Adoption

Establishment of Thai MRL

Agricultural Std

Committee

Principle/Process of MRL Establishment

Set MRL for all commodities which the pesticide is allowed to be used

Reference is made to Codex/ASEAN MRLs, where available

In case of no Codex/ASEAN MRL, the following data are used :

Supervised residue trial data Other national MRLs e.g. EU, USA, Japan,

Australia Other Codex/ASEAN/National MRLs on related

commodities Other related and available data e.g. monitoring

data

Reference for MRL

establishment

43%

based on

national

and other

data 57%

based on

Codex

MRL

CodexOthers

MRL/EMRL Classified by Commodity Groups

Vegetables,

32%

Meat, Fat &

Edible offal,

16%

Eggs & Milk,

7%

Fruits, 15%

Cereals, Pulse,

Oilseed, 18%

Other

crops/Produce,

12%

MRL/EMRL Classified by Pesticide Groups

Insecticides /

Acaricides, 608

Fungicides, 103

Herbicides, 45

Other

Pesticides, 45

Agricultural commodities comply to the Standards on MRL/EMRL if

1. Pesticides have been used according to national GAP

2. Residue found not higher than MRLs/EMRLs identified in TAS 9002 or TAS 9003

3. No residue of banned pesticides (according to Hazardous Substance Act) is detectable ( e.g. monocrotophos, methamidophos, mevinphos, endosulfan, parathion-methyl, phorate)

* Codex MRLs are used to determine compliance in case other than 2 and 3

Risk Assessment of the Proposed MRLs

All proposed MRLs must ensure safety to consumer by apply appropriate risk assessment using Codex technique

Calculating of residue intake by Thai people assuming that all food consumed contain residue at MRL (worst case)

Consumption data for Thai people (ACFS, 2006) was used in the intake calculation

Both chronic and acute intake were included in the calculation

All MRLs/EMRLs have to pass the assessment that provide sufficient safety to consumer before they can be submitted for adoption as national MRLs

National consumption data

530 Food items

Published by ACFS

National Consumption Survey

Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University

National Consumption Data of Thailand

Development of Electronic Database

The structure of database from food items to raw material

RM

Thai noodle Rice flour Rice grain

Food ingredient raw material

Food Ingredient factor factor

RM

www.acfs.go.th

Thank you www.acfs.go.th