cranes. pre-operational site activity and inspection v review the site for possible hazards:...
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CranesCranes
Pre-operational site Pre-operational site activity and inspectionactivity and inspection
Review the site for possible Review the site for possible hazards:hazards:• Overhead linesOverhead lines• Unstable soilUnstable soil• High wind High wind
conditionsconditions• Other work Other work
activities in activities in the areathe area
1a
Pre-operational site Pre-operational site activity and inspectionactivity and inspection
Characteristics of the load:Characteristics of the load:• Hazardous or toxic materialsHazardous or toxic materials• WeightWeight• DimensionsDimensions• Center of gravityCenter of gravity
1b
Pre-operational site Pre-operational site activity and inspectionactivity and inspection
Rigging sketches and information:Rigging sketches and information:• Lift pointsLift points• Methods of attachmentMethods of attachment• Sling anglesSling angles• Load vectorsLoad vectors
1c
Pre-operational site Pre-operational site activity and inspectionactivity and inspection
Rigging sketches and information:Rigging sketches and information:• Broom and swing anglesBroom and swing angles• Crane orientationsCrane orientations• Rated capacitiesRated capacities• Other factors affecting equipment Other factors affecting equipment
operationoperation
1d
Pre-operational site Pre-operational site activity and inspectionactivity and inspection
Operating procedures:Operating procedures:• Step-by-step instructionsStep-by-step instructions• Applicable rigging precautionsApplicable rigging precautions• Safety measuresSafety measures• Emergency proceduresEmergency procedures
1e
Pre-operational site Pre-operational site activity and inspectionactivity and inspection
Additions and modifications to Additions and modifications to equipment:equipment:• Tags, instruction plates, decals reflect Tags, instruction plates, decals reflect
to modificationsto modifications• Ensure safety factor has not been Ensure safety factor has not been
reduced by additions/modificationsreduced by additions/modifications
1f
Types of inspections and Types of inspections and checkschecks
Frequent inspections occur every Frequent inspections occur every dayday
Periodic Periodic inspections inspections occur monthlyoccur monthly
Depend upon Depend upon regulation and equipment involvedregulation and equipment involved
2a
Frequent inspectionsFrequent inspections
Daily pre-operational walk-around Daily pre-operational walk-around or pre-startup checkor pre-startup check
Exposed moving parts should be Exposed moving parts should be guarded/isolatedguarded/isolated
High voltage warning signs are High voltage warning signs are displayeddisplayed
3a
Frequent inspectionsFrequent inspections
Crane componentsCrane components
Wire ropesWire ropes
Freedom of rotation of all swivelsFreedom of rotation of all swivels
TiresTires
3b
Frequent inspectionsFrequent inspections
BatteriesBatteries
Proper lubricationProper lubrication
Fluid leaksFluid leaks
Heaves, drums, rigging, hardware, Heaves, drums, rigging, hardware, attachmentsattachments
3c
Frequent inspectionsFrequent inspections
Operating mechanismsOperating mechanisms
Guardrails, handholds, stepsGuardrails, handholds, steps
Platforms/walkwaysPlatforms/walkways
Turntable connectionsTurntable connections
3d
Frequent inspectionsFrequent inspections
Boom and jibBoom and jib• Look for straightness/damageLook for straightness/damage• CorrosionCorrosion• Cracking/peeling paintCracking/peeling paint• Bent lacingBent lacing
3e
Frequent inspectionsFrequent inspections
OutriggersOutriggers• Distortion/crackingDistortion/cracking• WeldsWelds• Extension/retraction of beamsExtension/retraction of beams• FloatsFloats
3f
Frequent inspections: Frequent inspections: Pre-startupPre-startup
CabCab• Cleanliness of cabCleanliness of cab• Control labelingControl labeling• Function of gauges, lights, signalsFunction of gauges, lights, signals• Service/parking brakeService/parking brake• Seat and cab door operationSeat and cab door operation• Inspection and maintenance recordsInspection and maintenance records
3g
Frequent inspections: Frequent inspections: Pre-startup Pre-startup
Fire extinguisherFire extinguisher• Accessibility of fire extinguisherAccessibility of fire extinguisher• Rating of extinguisher – Rating of extinguisher –
5BC or higher5BC or higher• One extinguisher at One extinguisher at
each operator stationeach operator station
3h
Frequent inspections: Frequent inspections: Pre-startupPre-startup
Field of visionField of vision• Broken/cracked windowsBroken/cracked windows• Adjustment/operation of Adjustment/operation of
brakes/clutchesbrakes/clutches• Operation/calibration of boom hoist Operation/calibration of boom hoist
lockoutlockout• Gauges and warning lightsGauges and warning lights• ControlsControls
3i
Periodic inspectionsPeriodic inspections
Performed monthly and/or annuallyPerformed monthly and/or annually
Inspection Inspection varies varies depending on depending on crane use crane use and site and site conditionsconditions
4a
Periodic inspectionsPeriodic inspections
Maintain records on:Maintain records on:• brakesbrakes• crane hookscrane hooks• hoist chainshoist chains• ropesropes
4b
Periodic inspectionsPeriodic inspections
Inspection records must include Inspection records must include the:the:• date of the date of the
inspectioninspection• signature of signature of
the inspectorthe inspector• serial number serial number
of critical of critical componentcomponent
4c
Periodic inspections - Periodic inspections - check for:check for:
Structural damageStructural damage
Cracks in Cracks in welded welded connectionsconnections
Damage or Damage or defects of defects of sheavessheaves
4d
Periodic inspections - Periodic inspections - check for:check for:
Main hoist and auxiliary drum Main hoist and auxiliary drum damage/defectsdamage/defects
Even distribution of the wire rope Even distribution of the wire rope on hoist drumon hoist drum
Proper wire rope integrityProper wire rope integrity
4e
Periodic inspections - Periodic inspections - check for:check for:
Excessive wear of brake and clutch Excessive wear of brake and clutch partsparts
Worn, cracked, distorted partsWorn, cracked, distorted parts
Defects/damage to the main boom, Defects/damage to the main boom, jib, boom extensionsjib, boom extensions
4f
Periodic inspections - Periodic inspections - check for:check for:
Repairs that meet manufacturer’s Repairs that meet manufacturer’s specificationsspecifications
Defects/damage of the load Defects/damage of the load hooks/hook blockhooks/hook block
4g
Periodic inspections - Periodic inspections - check for:check for:
Excessive wear of the drive Excessive wear of the drive sprockets/chain stretchsprockets/chain stretch
Positive stops on jibsPositive stops on jibs
Deterioration of hydraulic Deterioration of hydraulic componentscomponents
Stamps of working pressure on Stamps of working pressure on flexible hosesflexible hoses
4h
Periodic inspections - Periodic inspections - check for:check for:
Defects/damage to the turntableDefects/damage to the turntable
Permanent/legible ID numbersPermanent/legible ID numbers
Securing/locking of counterweightSecuring/locking of counterweight
Easy access to the cabEasy access to the cab
4i
Periodic inspections - Periodic inspections - check for:check for:
Proper function of boom stops, Proper function of boom stops, hoist disconnects, boom angle hoist disconnects, boom angle indicator, jib stopsindicator, jib stops
Proper operation of power plantsProper operation of power plants
Proper functioning of all other Proper functioning of all other operating mechanismsoperating mechanisms
4j
Periodic inspectionsPeriodic inspections
Do not use damaged/unsafe Do not use damaged/unsafe equipment until repairs have been equipment until repairs have been mademade
4k
Maintenance proceduresMaintenance procedures
Preventive maintenance keeps Preventive maintenance keeps cranes in good operating conditioncranes in good operating condition
Follow the company’s preventive Follow the company’s preventive maintenance programmaintenance program
5a
Maintenance procedures - Maintenance procedures - precautions:precautions:
Move the crane where it will create Move the crane where it will create minimum interference with other minimum interference with other cranescranes
Turn all controls to the “off” positionTurn all controls to the “off” position
Lock the main/emergency switch in Lock the main/emergency switch in the “off” positionthe “off” position
5b
Maintenance procedures - Maintenance procedures - precautions:precautions:
Place “Out of order” signs on the Place “Out of order” signs on the cranecrane
Provide rail stopsProvide rail stops
Ensure guards are reinstalled after Ensure guards are reinstalled after maintenancemaintenance
5c
Maintenance procedures - Maintenance procedures - precautions:precautions:
Only designated personnel can Only designated personnel can perform repairsperform repairs
5d
Maintenance procedures - Maintenance procedures - precautions:precautions:
Some components must be Some components must be regularly adjusted to maintain regularly adjusted to maintain proper operationproper operation• Limit switchesLimit switches• Control Control
systemssystems• BrakesBrakes• Power Power
plantsplants5e
Hazard of overhead linesHazard of overhead lines
Maintain appropriate line clearanceMaintain appropriate line clearance
Direct contactDirect contact
Indirect Indirect contactcontact
6a
Hazard of overhead linesHazard of overhead lines
Preferred methods of safety Preferred methods of safety around overhead lines include:around overhead lines include:• de-energizing and grounding all de-energizing and grounding all
electrical lineselectrical lines• erecting insulating barrierserecting insulating barriers
6b
Hazard of overhead linesHazard of overhead lines
Voltages 50 kv or less, the Voltages 50 kv or less, the clearance distance is 10 feetclearance distance is 10 feet
Voltages greater than 50kv, the Voltages greater than 50kv, the clearance is 10 feet plus 4 inches clearance is 10 feet plus 4 inches for every 10 kv over 50 kvfor every 10 kv over 50 kv
6c
Hazard of overhead linesHazard of overhead lines
When the vehicle is in transit, and When the vehicle is in transit, and the structure is lowered:the structure is lowered:• the clearance distance is 4 feet for 50 the clearance distance is 4 feet for 50
kv or less; orkv or less; or• 4 feet plus 4 inches for every 10 kv 4 feet plus 4 inches for every 10 kv
over 50 kv for voltage greater than 50 over 50 kv for voltage greater than 50 kvkv
6d
Hazard of overhead linesHazard of overhead lines
Use signalmen to assist in Use signalmen to assist in maintaining proper clearances maintaining proper clearances where vision is obstructedwhere vision is obstructed• Hand signalsHand signals• Chart of hand signalsChart of hand signals
6e
Hazard of overhead linesHazard of overhead lines
Use nonconductive tag lines to Use nonconductive tag lines to stabilize the loadstabilize the load
Use insulating Use insulating boots and boots and glovesgloves
6f
Operating rulesOperating rules
Post operating rules near the Post operating rules near the following types of cranes:following types of cranes:• StationaryStationary• OverheadOverhead• GantryGantry
7a
General safety rulesGeneral safety rules
Avoid carrying loads over peopleAvoid carrying loads over people
Don’t allow anyone to ride on the Don’t allow anyone to ride on the hookhook
Don’t walk away from a crane with Don’t walk away from a crane with a suspended loada suspended load
8a
General safety rulesGeneral safety rules
Move loads slowly; avoid sudden Move loads slowly; avoid sudden movementsmovements
Never carry items in your hand Never carry items in your hand while climbing a ladderwhile climbing a ladder
Store clothing/equipment so as not Store clothing/equipment so as not to interfere with crane operationto interfere with crane operation
8b
Prohibited actionsProhibited actions
Do not exceed load ratingsDo not exceed load ratings
Do not change the recommended Do not change the recommended counterweightscounterweights
Do not lift an Do not lift an unsecured/unbalanced loadunsecured/unbalanced load
9a
Prohibited actionsProhibited actions
Do not lift two separately rigged Do not lift two separately rigged loads at the same timeloads at the same time
Do not wrap tag lines around one’s Do not wrap tag lines around one’s bodybody
9b
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