criminal justice today. crime: 1. violates criminal law. 2. is punishable by criminal sanctions
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Criminal Justice Today
Crime:1. Violates criminal law.
2. Is punishable by criminal sanctions.
Consensus Model: Society, though
diverse, shares the same moral value system.
Crimes violate this value system and are deemed harmful to society.
Conflict Model: Society is
diverse and constantly engaged in a power struggle.
Dominant groups in society codify their values into law.
An Integrated Definition:1. Punishable under criminal law as
defined by a society.2. Considered an offense against
society as a whole, not against the victim and his or her friends.
3. Punished by statutorily determined sanctions that bring about a loss of personal freedom.
Violent Crime:MurderSexual
assault/rapeAssault/batteryRobbery
Property Crime:BurglaryLarceny/theftMotor vehicle
theftArson
Public Order Crimes:Behavior that has
beenlabeled criminalbecause it is
contrary toshared social values,customs and norms(e.g. publicdrunkenness).
White Collar Crimes:Illegal acts
committedby an individual orbusiness entity usingsome non-violent
meansto obtain a personal
orbusiness advantage(e.g. embezzlement).
High Tech Crime:Crimes directly
related to the increased
use ofcomputers andtechnology by
society.
Organized Crime:Illegal crimes by
illegalorganizations,
gearedtowards satisfying
thepublic’s need for
illegalgoods and
services.
Three General Goals of the Criminal Justice
System:
To control crime To prevent crime To provide and maintain justice
Based on Federalism: Law Enforcement
Local, State and Federal Agencies Courts
Dual court system of State and Federal Courts
Corrections Incarceration, Probation and Community
Corrections
Criminal Justice as a
system: an orderlyprogression of
eventsthrough a processcomprised of
agenciesworking together.
Herbert Packer compared the
idealizedCriminal Justice
Systemto an assembly-
line.
Crime Control Model:A model of criminal justice that placesprimary emphasis onthe rights of society
tobe protected from
crimeand violent
offenders.
Due Process Model:A model of the
criminaljustice system thatplaces primaryemphasis on the
rightsof the individual to beprotected from thepower of
government.
Which model prevailstoday?
Responding toterrorism, or the
threatof violence to achievepolitical objectives.
Key issues in criminal justice today include:
Fear of crime Increasing rates of crime Gangs Guns Illegal drugs
Get tough on crime and tougher determinate sentencing laws have led to a growing prison population.
Agencies are seeking new strategies to help
them become more efficient at fightingdomestic and international crime.
Strategiesinclude: Cooperation Globalization Militarization DNA Profiling
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