cs1100 intro. to computers

CS1100 Plymouth State University

CS1100 Intro. to Computers

• Mr. Bailey

• Office: Memorial 109 • Office Hours: Tue. & Thu. 12:30 – 2:00• Phone: 535-2535

• Lecture – One day a week• Lab – Alternate days - Memorial 213

http://oz.plymouth.edu/~bailey

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Lecture

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Lab

CS1100 Plymouth State University

CS1100 Intro. to Computers• Course Content

• Exams - One every 5 weeks• Labs – One per week after lecture

• Grading– Exams - 40%– Labs - 40% (Late labs will lose 10% per week)– Research Paper 10%– Project 10%

CS1100 Plymouth State University

You will need...

Storage device

(or your “M:” drive)

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Course Content

• History of Computers• Hardware• Software

– Windows 7– Word Processing– Spreadsheets

• The Internet• Impact of computers on our lives

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Keep Your Work

• Please keep all of your graded labs and exams until you get your final grade.

• If I have not given you credit for completed work, I will correct your grade.

CS1100 Plymouth State University

How NOT to Take Notes

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Introduction to Information Technology

The Computer as a Mind Tool

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Information Technology

• What is it?– Definition: Information Technology (IT)

describes any technology that helps to produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information

– Computer technology – Communications technology

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Infotech in Entertainment & the Arts

• Videogames• Downloading

– Movies– Music– Term papers????– Ethical/legal questions

• Many movies use computer animation• Digital editing

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Internet, World Wide Web, & Cyberspace

• Internet– The worldwide computer network– Links thousands of smaller networks– Originally developed to share only text and

numeric data

CS1100 Plymouth State University

What is a “Computer”

• Originally a Person who worked with numbers

• Now a Machine

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Stonehenge

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Abacus

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Types of Computers

• Electronic• Mechanical

• Analog • Digital

General-purposeSpecial-purpose

CS1100 Plymouth State University

“Computer”

• An electronic, general-purpose, digital computer

CS1100 Plymouth State University

The First Electronic Digital Computer

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGIteTE9glQ&NR=1

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Electronic Components of a Computer

Vacuum Tube

TransistorIntegrated Circuit

(chip)

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Hand-held Computer

CS1100 Plymouth State University

A Brief History of Computers1946 1960 1970 1980 1990

ENIAC

Vacuum TubesTransistors

Integrated Circuits

IBM PC

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Technology • More progress in last 50 years than in the preceding 10,000

• Computers partly responsible

• Computer - tool of many uses

CS1100 Plymouth State University

CS1100 Plymouth State University

5 Computer Types• Supercomputers

– Priced from $1 million to $350 million– High-capacity machines with thousands of processors– Multi-user systems

• Mainframe Computers• Workstations• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers

CS1100 Plymouth State University

5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers

– Until late 1960’s, the only computer available– Cost $5,000 - $5 million– Multi-user systems; accessed using a terminal– Terminals only have a keyboard and monitor; can’t be used

alone• Workstations• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers

CS1100 Plymouth State University

5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers• Workstations

– Introduced in early 1980s– Expensive, powerful personal computers– Used for scientific, mathematical, engineering, computer-aided

design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)– A less-expensive alternative to mainframes

• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers

CS1100 Plymouth State University

5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers• Workstations• Microcomputers

– Personal computers that cost $500 to $5000– Used either stand-alone or in a network– Types include: desktop, tower, notebooks, or Personal Digital

Assistants (PDAs)• Microcontrollers

CS1100 Plymouth State University

5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers• Workstations• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers

– Also called embedded computers– Tiny, specialized microprocessors inside appliances and

automobiles– They are in: microwaves, programmable ovens, blood-pressure

monitors, air bag sensors, vibration sensors, MP3 players, digital cameras, e-pliances, keyboards, car engine controllers, etc.

Discussion Question: Now, how many of you would say you have NOT used a computer today?

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Why become computer savvy?

• Know what computers can do for you

• Know the limitations of computers

• Know how computers can harm you

• Know how to solve computer problems

• Know when & how to get help

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Common Computer Uses...• Supermarket Checkout• Automobiles• CD Player• Microwave Ovens• Video Games• Home Computers• Check Processing• And Many More...

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Importance of Computers

• Speed• Accuracy• Consistency• Reliability• Storage Capacity

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Computers help to:

• Make us more productive• Make better decisions• Reduce costs

CS1100 Plymouth State University

The “Revolution”

• Stone Age• Bronze Age• Industrial Revolution• Information Age• Information Society

CS1100 Plymouth State University

The Information Age

• Information:• Has value• Is bought and sold

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Computers and Information

• Computers make:• Data collection easier• Production of information easier, faster,

better• Information available in more useable

forms• Help us be more effective

CS1100 Plymouth State University

DATA and INFORMATION

• DATA - Raw, unprocessed facts, not very useful in their current

form

• INFORMATION - The result of processing the DATA - more useful to us

CS1100 Plymouth State University

How Computers Work

• Processes data into information • Uses hardware & software• Operates by performing:

– Input - Output– Processing - Communications– Storage

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Data Becomes Information

INPUT

PROCESSINGOUTPUT

DATA

INFORMATION

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Data Becomes Information

INPUT

PROCESSINGOUTPUT

STORAGE

DATA

INFORMATION

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Basic Concepts of Computers• Minimal configurations

of a typical computer include:

• input units• output units• storage• central processing unit

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Data Becomes Information

• Example• Supermarket Checkout

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Bar Code Reader

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Data Becomes Information

INPUT

PROCESSINGOUTPUT

STORAGE

DATA

INFORMATION

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Basic Concepts of Computers

• Computer Hardware • The electronics and associated mechanical

parts of the computer.

• Computer Software• Consists of instructions that control the

hardware and cause the desired process to happen

CS1100 Plymouth State University

The System Unit

Power Supply

System Board

Hard DrivesorCD-ROM Drives

Floppy Drive

Expansion Card

Plymouth State University

Bar Code

CS1100 Plymouth State University

The Keyboard

Plymouth State University

Ergonomic Keyboard

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Care of the Keyboard

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Telephone Keypad

CS1100 Plymouth State University

MonitorsType (CRT or LCD) Size Resolution

Pixels

CS1100 Plymouth State University

"Touch" Screen

RestaurantsHotelsTransportation

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Special Terminals ATM’s

POS’s

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Restaurants

Hamburger Cheese-burger

FishSandwich

SaladOnionRings

FrenchFries

ShakePepsiCoke

Specialized Keyboard

CS1100 Plymouth State University

The CPU (Central Processing Unit)

CS1100 Plymouth State University

The “Chip” or IC

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Computer Storage (Media)

• 3 1/2" Diskette

• CD ROM

• Flash drives

CS1100 Plymouth State University

“Floppy” Disk Drive

Floppy Disk Drive

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Hard Disk Drive

Plymouth State University

Compact Disk (CD)

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Bits and Bytes BIT stands for Binary Digit A BIT is the smallest unit of

storage• It is either ON (1) or OFF (0)

A BYTE consists of eight BITs

1 11 00 0 01

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Storage Hardware

• Storage capacity – Byte – 1 character– Kilobyte – 1000 characters– Megabyte – 1 million characters– Gigabyte – 1 billion characters– Terabyte – 1 trillion characters

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Computer Lab

INTERNETMINICOMPUTER

CS1100 Plymouth State University

Misuse of Computer Technology