dana mandÍkovÁ, jitka houfkovÁ, zdenĚk drozd department of physics education,

Košice 2013

DANA MANDÍKOVÁ, JITKA HOUFKOVÁ, ZDENĚK DROZD

Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics,

Charles University in Prague

Experiments in Science at Primary School

Experiments with air

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Experiments in ScienceExperiments in Scienceat Primary Schoolat Primary School

Seminar designed for future primary school Seminar designed for future primary school teachers, students of Pedagogical facultyteachers, students of Pedagogical faculty, , with goal:with goal:

to gain the interest of pre-service primary to gain the interest of pre-service primary school teachers and motivate them to future school teachers and motivate them to future studiesstudies

to familiarize them with experiments from to familiarize them with experiments from the parts of natural science that are taught the parts of natural science that are taught at primary school at primary school

to give them an opportunity to try those to give them an opportunity to try those experiments themselvesexperiments themselves

to correct their misconceptionsto correct their misconceptions

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Experiments in ScienceExperiments in Scienceat Primary Schoolat Primary School

The emphasis is put on:The emphasis is put on:

hands-on activities hands-on activities self-production of simple teaching self-production of simple teaching

aids and toysaids and toys correct explanations of shown correct explanations of shown

phenomena phenomena ways how to present them to young ways how to present them to young

pupilspupils the most common misconceptions the most common misconceptions

are mentioned and discussed, tooare mentioned and discussed, too

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Experiments with airExperiments with air

Air is all around us, but we cannot see it Air is all around us, but we cannot see it nor smell it. nor smell it.

Suggest an experiment by which the Suggest an experiment by which the existence of air can be demonstrateexistence of air can be demonstratedd..

Pour air from one glass to another under Pour air from one glass to another under the water level.the water level.

Is it possible to dip Is it possible to dip a a piece of paper into piece of paper into water such a way to it remains drywater such a way to it remains dry??

Examples of problems solved during the seminarExamples of problems solved during the seminar

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Experiments with airExperiments with air Who poured water from a bottle most Who poured water from a bottle most

quickly?quickly?

Tornado. Tornado.

Does the air have anyDoes the air have any weight? weight? Estimate, Estimate, how much does weigh the air in this room.how much does weigh the air in this room.

WWeigheighing of airing of air..

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Weighing airWeighing air

What we need: What we need:

Plastic bottle with Plastic bottle with valve; weight valve; weight (accuracy 0.1 g)(accuracy 0.1 g) or or rocker armrocker arm; pump; ; pump; plastic hose; plastic hose; bucket bucket with waterwith water

2 l ~ 2.5 g2 l ~ 2.5 g

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Measuring air pressureMeasuring air pressure

magic glassmagic glass

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TorricelliTorricelli’s’s experiment with water experiment with water

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TorricelliTorricelli’s’s experiment with water experiment with water

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TorricelliTorricelli’s’s experiment with water experiment with water

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TorricelliTorricelli’s’s experiment with water experiment with water

hh = 10 m = 10 m

ppAA = = hhgg

ppAA = 10·1000·10 = 10·1000·10 Pa Pa

ppAA = 10 = 105 5 PaPa

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Lifting the airLifting the air

ppAA = 10 = 105 5 Pa = 10Pa = 1055 N N//mm22 = 10 N = 10 N//cmcm22

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Collapse of a canCollapse of a can

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Collapse of a canCollapse of a can

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Magdeburg hemispheresMagdeburg hemispheres

How big is the force with which are the How big is the force with which are the hemispheres pressed together?hemispheres pressed together?

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The egg in the bottleThe egg in the bottle

Typical Typical misconception – the misconception – the oxygen burns out, in oxygen burns out, in the bottle is less gas the bottle is less gas and underpressure and underpressure pulls the egg into pulls the egg into the bottlethe bottle

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Drowned candleDrowned candle

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Balloon in a bottleBalloon in a bottle How to inflate the balloon inside the How to inflate the balloon inside the

bottle?bottle?

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When air is missingWhen air is missing

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When air is missingWhen air is missing

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When air is missingWhen air is missing

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When air is missingWhen air is missing

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Airflow Airflow

Blow between two papers or above a paperBlow between two papers or above a paper

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AirflowAirflow

Spray from strawsSpray from straws

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Some more experimentsSome more experiments

A flying tea bagA flying tea bag

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Falling conesFalling cones

Magnus effectMagnus effect

flow of real gas must flow of real gas must be taken into accountbe taken into account

v1 > v2

p1 < p2

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Some more experimentsSome more experiments

Inflating the long plastic “sleeve”Inflating the long plastic “sleeve” Inflating the long plastic “sleeve”Inflating the long plastic “sleeve”

Try to blow the small Try to blow the small

paper ball in the bottlepaper ball in the bottle

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Making flying strawsMaking flying straws

What we need:What we need:

Drinking straws, Paper, Glue, ScissorsDrinking straws, Paper, Glue, Scissors

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What we need:What we need:

Plastic bottle, Hose,Plastic bottle, Hose,Plastic pipe, Paper,Plastic pipe, Paper,Glue, Scotch tape, Glue, Scotch tape, ScissorsScissors

Making air rocketsMaking air rockets

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Thank youThank you

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dana.mandikova@mff.cuni.czdana.mandikova@mff.cuni.cz

jitka.houfkovajitka.houfkova@mff.cuni.cz@mff.cuni.cz

zdenek.drozdzdenek.drozd@mff.cuni.cz@mff.cuni.cz