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SI OnlineAngiosperms

Cells and Tissues

Topic 21

Spring 2010

Dr. Hughey’s Bio 3 (Lab.)

______________ regions of tissue at the tips of shoots and roots that forms new cells.Apical Meristems

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Three Primary meristems Protoderm, Procambium, and Ground meristem

Three Primary tissues Dermal tissue, Ground tissue, and Vascular tissue

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3 Primary meristemsmeristems

Protoderm

Procambium

Ground meristem

Give rise to..Give rise to.. Primary TissuesPrimary Tissues

Give rise to..

Give rise to..

Give rise to..

Dermal Tissue

Vascular tissue

Ground tissue

Dermal tissueGround tissue

Vascular tissue

Tissue System –

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Dermal, Vascular, and Ground

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1) Epidermis Cell types - ____________________. Protection & __________

Dermal TissueDermal Tissue

Guard cells & Trichomes

_________- A hairlike or bristlelike outgrowth, as from the epidermis of a plant.

Trichomes

Trichomes

aeration

Guard cells

Stoma

Vascular Tissue #2• Phloem- principal food-conducting

tissue in vascular plants; living at maturity; not lignified.

• Gymnosperm Sieve Elements– Sieve cell- elongate & tapering; with

sieve areas. – Albuminous cell- elongate & tapering;

delivers substances to sieve cells. • Angiosperm Sieve Elements

– Sieve-tube element- elongate & tapering; with a sieve plate.

– Companion cell- variable; delivers substances to sieve-tube elements.

From Dr. Hughey’s Bio3 Slide

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Vascular Tissue - Vascular Tissue - Xylem & Phloem

XylemXylem- (Water-conducting / Food-conducting) tissue- Tracheary Elements ______________ ______________

PholemPholem-(Water-conducting / Food-conducting) tissue- Sieve Elements ______________________ in gymnosperm. ____________________________ in angiosperm

TracheidVessel element

Sieve cell & Albuminous cellSieve-tube element & Companion cell

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Xylem Pholem

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Xylem / phloemTracheid / Vessel element Found in …. -Seedless plant ____ -Gymnosperms ____ -Angiosperms ____

Perforation plate of Vessel element

Xylem / phloemTracheid / Vessel element Found in …. -Seedless plant ____ -Gymnosperms ____ -Angiosperms ____

Tracheid & fibers

Pits Pits(little dots)

No! No!

Yes! Yes! Yes!

Yes!

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Xylem

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Xylem / phloemGymnosperms / Angiosperms

Xylem / phloemGymnosperms / Angiosperms

Sieve Elements

A

B

Xylem / PhloemGymnosperms / Angiosperms

A:B:C:D:E:F:

E F

Cross section

Longitudinal section

C

D

Sieve-tube elements (mature)Companion cellsP-Protein(Phloem-protein)

ParenchymaSieve plateCompanion cellsP-Protein(Phloem-protein)

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Ground TissueGround Tissue Parenchyma, Collenchyma, & Sclerenchyma

ParenchymaParenchyma-Parenchyma cells- ______________, storage, and secretion

CollenchymaCollenchyma-Collenchyma cells- ______________________

Photosynthesis

Support young growing tissues

SclerenchymaSclerenchyma - ________________ -Support (strengthen) and storage.

Fibers and sclereids

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A B

C D

A:B:C:D:E:

EpidermisCortexPith (Parenchyma tissue)Vascular bundlePith rays

E

Sclerenchyma

Sclereid

A

B

D CE

A:B:C:D:E:F:

CollenchymaParenchymaParenchymaEpidermisCollenchymaVascular bundle

F

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A

B

CD

E

A:B:C:D:E:

Vascular bundle

ParenchymaPhloemVascular CambiumXylemPhloem

Dermal Tissues Dermal Tissues

Most epidermal cells lack chloroplasts.

Guard cells contain chloroplasts and regulate gas exchange between the inside of the leaf and the surrounding air.

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Tissue Systemand Its Functions

Component Tissues

Location of Tissue Systems

Dermal Tissue System• protection• prevention of water loss

EpidermisPeriderm (in older stems and roots)

Ground Tissue System• photosynthesis• food storage• regeneration • support• protection

Parenchyma tissueCollenchyma tissueSclerenchyma tissue

Vascular Tissue System• transport of water and minerals• transport of food

Xylem tissuePhloem tissue

From http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/plants/tissue.html

Vascular Tissue

Xylem Tissue Phloem Tissue

Function • Conduct water and dissolved minerals• Support

• Conduct food and other organic substances

Cell Types Unique to This Tissue

Tracheids, Vessel members                                             

Companioncells

Sieve-tubeelements                     

Picture from http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/plants/vascular.html

Ground Tissue Parenchyma Tissue

Collenchyma Tissue

Sclerenchyma Tissue *

Function • Photosynthesis• Food storage• Healing and tissue regeneration

• Support in young stems, roots, and petioles

• Rigid support• Protection

Cell Types in This Tissue

Parenchyma cells

Collenchyma cells

Sclereid cells & fiber cells                            

*Some texts include tracheids and vessels as components of sclerenchyma tissue.

Picture from http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/plants/ground.html

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