dictatorship monarchy theocracy democracy · absolute monarchy. 53 the people gets and keeps power...

Further Exploration of Forms of Government

• Dictatorship

• Monarchy

• Theocracy

• Democracy

(Warm Up) Think about it…

1. What type of government did the colonists revolt against?

2. What type of government exists in Iran?

3. What type of government did Adolf Hitler or Saddam Hussein lead?

4. What type of government do we have in the United States?

(Warm Up) Think about it…

1. What type of government did the colonists revolt against?

2. What type of government exists in Iran?

3. What type of government did Adolf Hitler or Saddam Hussein lead?

4. What type of government do we have in the United States?

Dictatorship

Theocracy

Monarchy

Democracy

4

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Autocracy – unlimited power

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Gets or Keeps Power

By Force

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Gets or Keeps Power

By Force

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Dictatorship

Gets or Keeps Power

By Force

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Dictatorship Monarchy

Gets or Keeps Power

By Heredity

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Gets and Keeps PowerBased on religious expertise

Theocracy

By Force

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Dictatorship Monarchy

Gets and Keeps Power

By HeredityTheocracy

Based on religious expertise

To What Extent Are There Limits on Power?

POWER

To What Extent Are There Limits on Power?

POWER

CONSTITUTIONS ARE A WAY TO LIMIT POWER

While dictatorships have very few limits on their power,

monarchies vary in terms of the limits on their power.

Monarchies Vary…

Based upon the limits to power on the monarch

Absolute

Few or no limits to power

Constitutional

Some limits based on the constitution

Monarchies Vary…

Based upon the limits to power on the monarch

Absolute

Few or no limits to power

Constitutional

Some limits based on the constitution

Under a dictatorship, citizens have few rights.

Monarchies vary in terms of the rights citizens have.

Do Citizens Have Rights?

Monarchies Vary…

Based upon the amount of rights that citizens have

Absolute Constitutional

Monarchies Vary…

Based upon the amount of rights that citizens have

Absolute

Citizens have few or no rights

Constitutional

Citizens have rights protected by the

constitution

The amount of rights citizens have is usually reflected by the amount of power the monarch has!

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

-- Oligarchy

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

By Force

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

-- Oligarchy

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Junta

Gets or Keeps Power

By Force

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

-- Oligarchy

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

JuntaTheocracy(Religious expertise)

Gets or Keeps Power

By Expertise

Limits to Power in Theocracies

• Theocracies tend to have less power than dictators or monarchs.

• Theocracies tend to have more power than leaders in a democracy.

VARY

- Are dictated by religious rules/laws

- Tend to be very limited

Do Citizens Have Rights?

Under a theocracy, citizens’ rights:

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

When the people are sovereign and

hold the power in a government

Forms of Government

One Person The PeopleA Select Group of People

Who holds the power? Who is sovereign?

Popular Sovereignty…. People Rule

It is called Democracy!!!

How do leaders get or keep power in a democracy?

How do leaders get or keep power in a democracy?

Through free and fair elections

Stop and Jot:

• What does “free” mean?

• What does “fair” mean?

Otpor resistance, against dictator Slobodan Milosevic in 2000

Orange Revolution in Ukraine to reverse fraudulent presidential election in 2004

Freedom Summer, Mississippi 1964

Students around the world protesting against their government, including fighting for voting rights.

To What Extent Are There Limits on Power in a Democracy?

POWER

To What Extent Are There Limits on Power in a Democracy?

POWER

What limits are there on power?

The U.S. Constitution limits power by:

• Delegating only specific powers to the federal government, and reserving the rest for the state and the people

• Separating legislative, executive, and judicial powers (3 branches)

• Providing checks and balances to power

• Establishing rule of law

• Through the Bill of Rights that guarantees specific rights (first 10 amendments)

• By having free and fair elections

Do Citizens Have Rights?

Under a democracy, citizens’ rights are:

• Limited by the protection of individual rights, including those of minorities

• Protected because the government• Has only DELEGATED POWERS• Only has the powers that the people give it

• In the United States, specific rights are protected are spelled out specifically in a document, such as our Bill of Rights.

Democracies Can Take Two Forms

Presidential: The United States

Parliamentary: Great Britain

38

Presidential

39

Presidential

Citizens

40

Citizens

Legislature

Presidential

41

Citizens

Legislature Executive

Presidential

42

Citizens

Legislature Executive

Separation of Powers

Presidential

43

Citizens

Parliamentary

44

Citizens

elect

Legislature

Parliamentary

45

Citizens

elect

Legislature

Executive

Parliamentary

select

46

Citizens

elect

Legislature

Executive

Joining of Powers

Parliamentary

select

Democracies

Presidential Parliamentary

Citizens

Legislature Executive

Separation of Powers

Citizens

Legislature

Executive

elect

select

Differences in Democracy• Executive officer comes to power differently

– Presidential – voted on by citizens or through electors– Parliamentary – selected by Parliament

• Control over the executive differs– Presidential - The people can replace the President through the regular

election cycle– Parliamentary – Parliament can replace him at any time after casting a

no confidence vote

• Speed of legislation differs when legislative and executive branches disagree– Presidential - Due to separation of powers, tends to result in gridlock– Parliamentary - Due to the power of the Parliament over the Prime

Minister, the executive leader tends to be more cooperative with Parliament making it easier to pass laws more quickly or replace the Prime Minister

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One person

Keeps power by force

Few limits to power

Citizens have few rights

50

One person

Keeps power by force

Few limits to power

Citizens have few rights

Dictatorship

51

One person

Keeps power by hereditary succession

Few limits to power

Citizens have few rights

52

One person

Keeps power by hereditary succession

Few limits to power

Citizens have few rights

Absolute Monarchy

53

The people

Gets and keeps power through free and fair elections

Some limits to power

Citizens have many rights

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Democracy

The people

Keeps through free and fair elections

Some limits to power

Citizens have many rights

55

A select few

Based on religious expertise

Few limits to power

Citizens have few rights

56

Theocracy

A select few

Get and keep power based on religious expertise

Few limits to power

Citizens have few rights

57

One person

Based on hereditary succession

Some limits to power

Citizens have many rights

58

Constitutional Monarchy

One person

Based on hereditary succession

Some limits to power

Citizens have many rights

Comparing Forms of Government

• Efficient in carrying out decisions and policy

Comparing Forms of Government

• Efficient in carrying out decisions and policy

Advantages of monarchies, dictatorships and theocracies

Comparing Forms of Government

• Clear line of succession

Comparing Forms of Government

• Clear line of succession

Advantage of monarchies and some dictatorships (North Korea and Syria are examples)

Comparing Forms of Government

• Promotes change without violence

Comparing Forms of Government

• Promotes change without violence

Advantage of democracies

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ACTIVITY

Questions to think about as you complete these pages:

• What similarities exist between these two governments?

• How do these governments differ?