disaster recovery solutions with virtual infrastructure: backup
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Disaster Recovery Solutions with Virtual Infrastructure:
Backup and Recovery
Paul NashawatySession SLN104B
What to Expect from This SessionAn understanding of how to protect your data in virtualized environments using backup methodologyUnderstanding disk structures, files and redo technologiesWhy and when to use different backup method
AgendaIntroduction
Disk structure of ESX Server Disk files and redo logs
Accessing and managing virtual disk files Management of virtual machines
As physical machines As files on ESX Server As files on shared storage
Backing up the service console
Disk Structure of ESX ServerVMware File System (VMFS)
Simple and high-performance Raw Device Mappings
Connect the raw LUN to virtual machine
Disk Files and Redo LogsDisk files
Default state, a virtual machine disk is simply a single file Changes written directly to .vmdk file example: disk.vmdk
Redo logsAdded to a .vmdk file All writes are “trapped” in the redo log example: disk.vmdk.REDORecommend maximum of two log files per VMFS volumeRedo logs used for disk snapshots technology
Managing Virtual Disk Files
Virtual disk files on VMFS are accessible through ESX Server, Virtual Center and SDKsvmkfstools command
Add redo log, commit a redo log, and export .dsk files most vmkfstools operations can be performed in VMware Management Interface (web-based tool)
What to Backup on ESX ServerVirtual disksVirtual machine configuration filesThe configuration of the ESX Server Console
How? VMware virtual machines can be backed up using three different approaches:
1.Backup clients from within a virtual machine performing file-level or system level backups. Treating virtual machines as a physical.
2.Backup clients’ agents from the ESX Server service console, backing up virtual machines in their entirety as .dsk and/or .vmdk files residing in the ESX Server VMFS file system. Treating virtual machines as files.
3.Back up virtual machine data by running a backup server within a virtual machine that is connected to a tape drive or other SCSI-based backup media attached to the physical system.
Treating Virtual Machines as Physical Machines
AdvantagesFile-level backup and restoration Choice of backup software Applications can be quiesced
DisadvantagesCan not take advantage of the encapsulation Can not back up and restore the virtual machine as a whole
Backing Up Virtual Machines as Physical Machines
Compatible with the following virtual driver formats:
Virtual disks (all formats)RDM disks (all formats)
Points to consider Is backup server on a physical or virtual machineThe network configurationType of long term storage
Operating SystemBackup Agent
Operating SystemBackup Agent
Operating SystemBackup Agent
Operating SystemBackup Agent
Implementation Steps:Backup Virtual Machine as Physical
SetupNetwork configurationInstall backup agentBackup and recovery options
Tape Array
Backup Server
Treating Virtual Machines asFiles on ESX Server
Backup occurs from the service console via file systemAdvantages
Simple view of backups and restorations One step backup/restore
DisadvantagesNo file-level restorations Not great for large virtual machines
Backup/Recovery of theESX Server Service Console
Can be recovered without much trouble Removes the need to back up the service console as frequently Using a Backup Agent on the Service Console
Advantage: similar to a standard network backup Disadvantage: places a heavy load on the service console
ESX Server Service Console Implementation Steps
Install the backup agent on the service consoleInstall the backup server on a separate platform, which could be a physical or a virtual machineEnsure network connectivity between the service console and the backup serverMake sure the VMFS is mounted on the service consoleSchedule the backups and manage the tapes as directed by the documentation for the backup programSchedule the virtual machine power-down and power-up cycle to match the backup schedule
Backup/Recovery of theESX Server Service Console
Tape Array
Backup Server
Creating Backup Copies ofVirtual Machine Files on ESX Server
ConsiderCan you shut down the virtual machine for the duration or to take a snapshotUsing backup tools or built-in VMware file operationsBackup tool of choice qualified with the service console
vmsnap, addredo.pl or Backup agent
Backing up Virtual Machines Online1. Configure network
connectivity.2. Install appropriate client on
the ESX Server Service Console
3. Run vmsnap.pl to create a local backup of the virtual machine.
4. On the backup server specify the ESX Server hosting the virtual machines to be backed up.
5. You may need to enter the fully qualified path to the files of vmsnap output, in this case:/vmimages/winXPProbackup/WinXPPro/*
6. Start Manual Backup
Example:root@localhost M1winXPPro]# vmsnap.pl -c
/root/vmware/VM1winXPPro/winXPPro.vmx-d /vmimages/winXPProbackup -l
vmsnap: virtual machine config file is '/root/vmware/VM1winXPPro/winXPPro.vmx'
vmsnap: Local Directory is '/vmimages/winXPProbackup'
vmsnap: This virtual machine will only be backed up locally.
vmsnap: Disks found that are in use:vmsnap: Disk found: scsi0:0
(vmhba0:1:0:1:VM1_Empty.vmdk)vmsnap: 1: scsi0:0vmsnap: Creating the RedoLogs for cfg :
/root/vmware/VM1winXPPro/winXPPro.vmxvmsnap: scsi0:0:Adding REDOvmsnap: scsi0:0: BACKUP STARTING NOW...local dir : /vmimages/winXPProbackup has 656960k
space/vmfs/vmhba0:1:0:1/VM1_Empty.vmdk size :
2048000 k
Built-in VMware File Operations Compatible with virtual disksVmkfstools
Handles files larger than 2 GB Guarantees good read and write performance to the VMFS partition
Migration Convert ESX Server format to format of GSX Server and VMware Workstation and vice versa Portable
Built-in VMware File Operationsvmsnap
Performs ESX Server snapshots Backup of disks, config, log and nvram
vmresRestoration of the previously archived virtual machine Can be used to migrate backups from one ESX Server to another
Third-Party ToolsesxRanger - perform online hot backups of guest operating systems on VMware ESX Server (www.vizioncore.com)vmbak.pl - perl script procedure to permit VMware ESX guest's hot backup (www.vmts.net/vmbk.htm)
Backup Options to Consider
Backup off-loadingSnapshot functionality of storage area networks
SAN imageSAN vendor to create backup images
Server-based replicationReplication agent in each of the virtual machines
Treating Virtual Machines as Files on Shared Storage
SAN-based imagingOff-load backup resource demands and resourcesNo resource contention on ESX host Enables LAN-free backupTypically will not require backup agents in virtual machinesBetter performance using fiber channel transfer rate
New Feature inESX 3.0 RapidBackup
RapidBackup is a new, backup solution for ESX + SANBackup is offloaded to a dedicated hostSupports different backup flavors
File-level backup (Windows guests)Full virtual machine backup (all guests)
Works with existing third-party backup softwareDetailed Session: PAC484: Consolidated Backup with ESX Server: In-depth Review
Using Specialized ESX Server for Backup
Uses ESX Server’s built-in snapshot function: rapid backupAdvantages
Consistent methodology is used for all SAN-stored data backups do not overload the service console
DisadvantagesShared storage Backup image is “crash consistent”
Implementation Steps for Specialized ESX Server 1. Using the SAN management software,
schedule snapshots on the disk backend.2. Schedule the backups of the SAN snapshots
and manage the tapes as directed by the documentation for your backup program.
Using Specialized ESX Server for Backup
T ape Array
Backup Server
Production Server B ackup Server
Backup/DR Options and SessionsArray-based cloning
SLN381: VMware with EMC CLARiiONSLN521: Storage Best Practices for VMware ESX Server 2.xPAC267-B: ESX Server Storage II: Tips and TricksSLN539: HP StorageWorks VMware Solutions and More...
Host-based cloningSLN494: Leveraging Replication with Virtual Machines
Labs and sessionsLAB003: Virtual Infrastructure in Production: Backup and Disaster RecoveryPAC484: Consolidated Backup with ESX Server: In-depth Review
SummaryUnderstanding of disk structures, files, and redo logsUnderstanding of method to protect data in virtualized environmentWhen,why and how to backup ESX Server and virtual machine
As filesLike physical machinesOffload backup
ReferenceVMware ESX Server Using Raw Device Mapping: http://www.vmware.com/pdf/esx/esx25_rawdevicemapping.pdfESX Server Administration Guide, (pp290 for vmkfstools): http://www.vmware.com/support/esx25/doc/admin/index.htmlBackup Compatibility Guide: http://www.vmware.com/pdf/esx_backup_guide.pdf
Questions?
Creating Backup Copies ofVirtual Machine Files on ESX Server
vmsnap , addredo.plor Backup agent
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