diversity of wikipedia

Wik i ped i aD i ve r s i t y

PROMOTING (GENDER) DIVERSITY IN WIKIPEDIA

ILONA BUCHEM, Professor for DIGITAL MEDIA & DIVERSITY GENDER AND TECHNOLOGY CENTERBEUTH UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES BERLIN, GERMANY in cooperation with WIKIMEDIA DEUTSCHLAND e.V.

DIVERSITY CONFERENCE 2013 // WIKIMEDIA DEUTSCHLAND E.V. // 09-11-2013 // CC BY-SAhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Honeybee_landing_on_milkthistle02.jpg

Saturday, November 9, 13

WHAT IS DIVERSITY?

2WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

Diversity means:

• variety• variation• plurality• multiplicity

DIVERSITY IN NATURE

WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

BIODIVERSITY (GENETIC, SPECIES, ECOSYSTEM VARIATION) MAKES LIFE ON EARTH

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Fungi_of_Saskatchewan.JPG/768px-Fungi_of_Saskatchewan.JPG http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Forest_fruits_from_Barro_Colorado.png

MONOCULTURES

http://www.nue.okstate.edu/Hand_Held/DCP_0803.JPGWIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-SA

MONOCULTURES MAY BE EFFICIENT BUT DESTROY THE NATURAL BALANCE

GLOBAL LOSS

http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/en/campaigns/genetic-engineering/Bees-in-Crisis/

BEE DIE-OFF HAS REACHED 30-50% IN 2013 > 70 OUT OF 100 CROPS ARE POLLINATED BY BEES

POLYCULTURES

http://mighkrophone.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/dsc02543.jpg

POLYCULTURES IMPROVE BEE POLLINATION WHICH IMPROVES CROP YIELDS

WHY WIKIPEDIA MAY NEED DIVERSITY?

REASON #1

The editor base is declining ...

“Post-2007, lots of people were still trying to become Wikipedia editors. What had changed, though, is that they were increasingly failing to integrate into the Wikipedia community, and failing increasingly quickly.”Sue Gardner http://strategy.wikimedia.org/wiki/March_2011_Update

POOR RETENTION

HIGH WORKLOAD

“That's a problem for everyone, because it means that experienced editors are needing to shoulder an ever-increasing workload, and bureaucrat and administrator positions are growing ever-harder to fill.”

Sue Gardner, http://strategy.wikimedia.org/wiki/March_2011_Update

REASON #2

Perspective bias in articles ...

CONTENT COVERAGE

http://mashable.com/2012/08/08/wikipedia-gender-graphic/

“Table 1 shows our results, which indicate that males and females arefocused on disparate content areas within Wikipedia. There is agreater concentration of females in the People and Arts areas, whilemales focus more on Geography and Science.” In: “WP: Clubhouse?”

http://www.webpronews.com/wikipedia-editors-are-basically-all-dudes-should-that-matter-2012-04

WOMEN BIOGRAPHIESSYSTEMIC BIAS = KNOWLEDGE IS PORTRAYED IN A DISTORTED WAY BECAUSE SOME GROUPS MAY BE UNDERREPRESENTED

REASON #3

The image of free & open ...

REPUTATION LOSS

Wikisexism

Ghettoizing

Exclusion

DIVERSITY HAS MANY DIMENSIONS

DIVERSITY TYPES

Socio-demographic diversity> gender, age, citizenship ...

Role/Position-related diversity> editor, admin, steward ...

Epistemic diversity> topics, arguments, references ...

Cognitive-affective diversity> intelligence, reasoning, attitudes ...

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICDIVERSITY IN WIKIPEDIA

http://www.educaging.com

45% are 22-39 year old

global

58% among top 10 reside in USA & EU

education

61% have a degree

language

76% editing in English

gender

91% are male

• Wikimedia Deutschland & Beuth University Berlin• Gender & Technology Center • One of 5 annual projects on “Enhancing knowledge

diversity in Wikipedia” run by Wikimedia Deutschland• Focus on gender diversity, later other diversity aspects

WIKIPEDIA DIVERSITY (WiDi)

OPEN INNOVATION

Inside-outOutside-in

knowledge

resources

skills

well-defined

open innovation process

OPEN INNOVATION

33WIKIPEDIA-DIVERSITY, CC BY-NC-SA

Stage ICLOSED CALL FOR PARTICIPATION

Stage IISELECTED CALL FOR PARTICIPATION

Stage IIIOPEN CALL FOR PARTICIPATION

CROWD CONTRIBUTION : IDEA CREATION : EMERGENT ACTIONS

INVITED EXPERTS : PRIORITIES : ACTION POINTS

LEARNING : ANALYSIS : HYPOTHESIS

STAGE 1

• UNU-MERIT Survey (2009): United Nations University (UNU-MERIT)

• WMF Editor Survey (2011): Wikimedia Foundation Editor Survey

• Clubhouse study (2011): University of Minnesota (US)

• MIT/NU Survey (2013): Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Northwestern University

• Explorative interviews with German Wikipedians

• Literature review e.g. book written by German Wikipedians

• National and international press

• Gender gap mailing list

LEARNING : ANALYSIS : HYPOTHESIS

• Student projects

• Workshops, discussions, events

• Wikimedians & Wikipedians

STAGE 1IINVITED EXPERTS : PRIORITIES : ACTION POINTS

GENDERDIVERSITY

welcoming culture

WELCOME

diversity & knowledge quality

QUALITY

gender imbalance

AWARENESS

diversity & motivation

PARTICIPATION

respectful communication

RESPECT

priorities

I. AWARENESS

gender gap awareness

• diversity guide• diversity portal• diversity scouting

hidden good practice

have no idea

under-/overestimate

II. WELCOMING

little recognitionpower battles

nitpicking

problems with an attitude

• newcomers• local heros• save spaces

III. SUPPORTIVE

problems with communication

• declaration• learning resources• conflict mediation• reputation

no supportinsider jargon unfriendly tone

IV. QUALITY

problems with systemic bias

• research • mapping effects• existing tools

perspectivesmissing content

categorisations

V. MOTIVATION

problems with participation

• reasons & drivers• building networks• editing eventsprefer other activities

have no time

enjoy social media

PERSPECTIVES ON DIVERSITY

A. Resource perspective: Socio-demographic diversity is regarded as a valuableresource, since, compared to homogenous teams,heterogeneous teams are likely to possess greaterpotential for expert knowledge and decision-making.

B. Process perspective: Socio-demographic diversity can be a cause ofdysfunctions in groups and organisational processes. Those who see each other as similar may build in-groupsan marginalise “others” in the out-groups.

• Knowledge about differences, inequalities and how they are constructed in societies.

• Mindset oriented towards promoting diversity.

• Conciously contributing to more equality in every-day situations.

DIVERSITY COMPETENCE

THE SYNOPSIS IN OUR WORKING PAPER:

well-defined

open innovation process

stage II selected participation

workshops with WikipediansSaturday, November 9, 13

SHORT LIST OF ACTION POINTS

• Open seminars in web (MOOC, Massive Open Online Courses)

• Research on diversity & quality (Participatory research with Wikipedians)

• Diversity Charter (Charta of Diversity for Wikipedia)

STAGE III: OPEN CALL

OPEN QUESTIONS

• Open call organisation - where can we organise this? do we need a diversity site?

• Open call communication - how can we moderate this process? Who can help?

• Open call participation - how can we stimulate and award diverse participation?

VISION OF WIKIPEDIA?

DISTOPIAN UTOPIAN

http://christianblackburn.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Dead-Bees.jpg

JOIN US!

Workshop // Saturday // 13:30 - 15:30Ilona Buchem (DE) & Netha Hussain (India)

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