diversity of wikipedia
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Why Wikipedia needs diversity? Presentation from the Diversity Conference by Wikimedia Deutschland e.V., 09-11-2013 Berlin, Germany.TRANSCRIPT
Wik i ped i aD i ve r s i t y
PROMOTING (GENDER) DIVERSITY IN WIKIPEDIA
ILONA BUCHEM, Professor for DIGITAL MEDIA & DIVERSITY GENDER AND TECHNOLOGY CENTERBEUTH UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES BERLIN, GERMANY in cooperation with WIKIMEDIA DEUTSCHLAND e.V.
DIVERSITY CONFERENCE 2013 // WIKIMEDIA DEUTSCHLAND E.V. // 09-11-2013 // CC BY-SAhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Honeybee_landing_on_milkthistle02.jpg
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WHAT IS DIVERSITY?
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Diversity means:
• variety• variation• plurality• multiplicity
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DIVERSITY IN NATURE
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BIODIVERSITY (GENETIC, SPECIES, ECOSYSTEM VARIATION) MAKES LIFE ON EARTH
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Fungi_of_Saskatchewan.JPG/768px-Fungi_of_Saskatchewan.JPG http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Forest_fruits_from_Barro_Colorado.png
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MONOCULTURES
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MONOCULTURES MAY BE EFFICIENT BUT DESTROY THE NATURAL BALANCE
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GLOBAL LOSS
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http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/en/campaigns/genetic-engineering/Bees-in-Crisis/
BEE DIE-OFF HAS REACHED 30-50% IN 2013 > 70 OUT OF 100 CROPS ARE POLLINATED BY BEES
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POLYCULTURES
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POLYCULTURES IMPROVE BEE POLLINATION WHICH IMPROVES CROP YIELDS
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WHY WIKIPEDIA MAY NEED DIVERSITY?
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REASON #1
The editor base is declining ...
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“Post-2007, lots of people were still trying to become Wikipedia editors. What had changed, though, is that they were increasingly failing to integrate into the Wikipedia community, and failing increasingly quickly.”Sue Gardner http://strategy.wikimedia.org/wiki/March_2011_Update
POOR RETENTION
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HIGH WORKLOAD
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“That's a problem for everyone, because it means that experienced editors are needing to shoulder an ever-increasing workload, and bureaucrat and administrator positions are growing ever-harder to fill.”
Sue Gardner, http://strategy.wikimedia.org/wiki/March_2011_Update
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REASON #2
Perspective bias in articles ...
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CONTENT COVERAGE
http://mashable.com/2012/08/08/wikipedia-gender-graphic/
“Table 1 shows our results, which indicate that males and females arefocused on disparate content areas within Wikipedia. There is agreater concentration of females in the People and Arts areas, whilemales focus more on Geography and Science.” In: “WP: Clubhouse?”
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http://www.webpronews.com/wikipedia-editors-are-basically-all-dudes-should-that-matter-2012-04
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WOMEN BIOGRAPHIESSYSTEMIC BIAS = KNOWLEDGE IS PORTRAYED IN A DISTORTED WAY BECAUSE SOME GROUPS MAY BE UNDERREPRESENTED
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REASON #3
The image of free & open ...
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REPUTATION LOSS
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Wikisexism
Ghettoizing
Exclusion
EN
PL
DE
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DIVERSITY HAS MANY DIMENSIONS
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DIVERSITY TYPES
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Socio-demographic diversity> gender, age, citizenship ...
Role/Position-related diversity> editor, admin, steward ...
Epistemic diversity> topics, arguments, references ...
Cognitive-affective diversity> intelligence, reasoning, attitudes ...
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SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICDIVERSITY IN WIKIPEDIA
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age
http://www.educaging.com
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45% are 22-39 year old
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global
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58% among top 10 reside in USA & EU
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education
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61% have a degree
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language
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76% editing in English
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gender
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91% are male
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• Wikimedia Deutschland & Beuth University Berlin• Gender & Technology Center • One of 5 annual projects on “Enhancing knowledge
diversity in Wikipedia” run by Wikimedia Deutschland• Focus on gender diversity, later other diversity aspects
WIKIPEDIA DIVERSITY (WiDi)
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OPEN INNOVATION
Inside-outOutside-in
knowledge
resources
skills
ideas
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fuzzy
well-defined
open innovation process
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OPEN INNOVATION
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Stage ICLOSED CALL FOR PARTICIPATION
Stage IISELECTED CALL FOR PARTICIPATION
Stage IIIOPEN CALL FOR PARTICIPATION
CROWD CONTRIBUTION : IDEA CREATION : EMERGENT ACTIONS
INVITED EXPERTS : PRIORITIES : ACTION POINTS
LEARNING : ANALYSIS : HYPOTHESIS
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STAGE 1
• UNU-MERIT Survey (2009): United Nations University (UNU-MERIT)
• WMF Editor Survey (2011): Wikimedia Foundation Editor Survey
• Clubhouse study (2011): University of Minnesota (US)
• MIT/NU Survey (2013): Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Northwestern University
• Explorative interviews with German Wikipedians
• Literature review e.g. book written by German Wikipedians
• National and international press
• Gender gap mailing list
LEARNING : ANALYSIS : HYPOTHESIS
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• Student projects
• Workshops, discussions, events
• Wikimedians & Wikipedians
•
STAGE 1IINVITED EXPERTS : PRIORITIES : ACTION POINTS
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GENDERDIVERSITY
welcoming culture
WELCOME
diversity & knowledge quality
QUALITY
gender imbalance
AWARENESS
diversity & motivation
PARTICIPATION
respectful communication
RESPECT
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priorities
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
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I. AWARENESS
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gender gap awareness
• diversity guide• diversity portal• diversity scouting
hidden good practice
have no idea
under-/overestimate
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II. WELCOMING
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little recognitionpower battles
nitpicking
problems with an attitude
• newcomers• local heros• save spaces
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III. SUPPORTIVE
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problems with communication
• declaration• learning resources• conflict mediation• reputation
no supportinsider jargon unfriendly tone
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IV. QUALITY
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problems with systemic bias
• research • mapping effects• existing tools
perspectivesmissing content
categorisations
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V. MOTIVATION
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problems with participation
• reasons & drivers• building networks• editing eventsprefer other activities
have no time
enjoy social media
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PERSPECTIVES ON DIVERSITY
A. Resource perspective: Socio-demographic diversity is regarded as a valuableresource, since, compared to homogenous teams,heterogeneous teams are likely to possess greaterpotential for expert knowledge and decision-making.
B. Process perspective: Socio-demographic diversity can be a cause ofdysfunctions in groups and organisational processes. Those who see each other as similar may build in-groupsan marginalise “others” in the out-groups.
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• Knowledge about differences, inequalities and how they are constructed in societies.
• Mindset oriented towards promoting diversity.
• Conciously contributing to more equality in every-day situations.
DIVERSITY COMPETENCE
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THE SYNOPSIS IN OUR WORKING PAPER:
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fuzzy
well-defined
open innovation process
stage II selected participation
workshops with WikipediansSaturday, November 9, 13
SHORT LIST OF ACTION POINTS
• Open seminars in web (MOOC, Massive Open Online Courses)
• Research on diversity & quality (Participatory research with Wikipedians)
• Diversity Charter (Charta of Diversity for Wikipedia)
STAGE III: OPEN CALL
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OPEN QUESTIONS
• Open call organisation - where can we organise this? do we need a diversity site?
• Open call communication - how can we moderate this process? Who can help?
• Open call participation - how can we stimulate and award diverse participation?
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VISION OF WIKIPEDIA?
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DISTOPIAN UTOPIAN
http://christianblackburn.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Dead-Bees.jpg
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JOIN US!
Workshop // Saturday // 13:30 - 15:30Ilona Buchem (DE) & Netha Hussain (India)
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