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Mitigation Enabling Energy Transition in the MEDiterranean region
ENERGY EFFICIENCY OPPORTUNITY IN
LIBYA
Dr. Alkishriwi, Nouri, REAoL
03.10.2018
. 2
Contents
Introduction
Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
Libyan power generation overview
Preparing energy efficiency code for buildings: Case study
. 3
Area 1,759,541 km2
Capital Tripoli
Independence 24 Dec. 1954
Population 6,400,000
Growth rate 2%
Age groups
1-14 years (32%)15-64 (63%)
Above 65: (5%)
Gross domestic
product85 Billion USD
(2009)
Libya
Introduction
. 4
4
Libyan power generation overview
• Libya has invested heavily in its electricity infrastructure over the pastdecades.
• Although these investments have been directly funded by the Libyangovernment through its development budget, GECOL, the GeneralElectricity Company of Libya and its sole national power utility, has beenthe key player planning and orchestrating these investments.
• The combination of an oil rich nation with a policy of universalelectrification and a power utility with stringent criteria on the expansionplanning of its system, the result has been a robust power transmissionnetwork and ambitious undertaking of generation plant constructionprojects.
Introduction
. 5
5
Libyan generation sector today is fully managed by GECOL, who
produces electricity through 15 thermal power plants
The main power stations
Libyan power generation overview
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
. 6
6
Location of GECOL generation plants
Libyan power generation overview
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
. 7
7
Libyan transmission system overview
The transmission system today is fully operated by GECOL and
is composed of ~16,000km of 220kV and 400kV lines
Libyan power generation overview
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
. 9
9
Overall electricity generation has remained mostly stable
since 2012, ranging between 36 and 38 TWh
Libyan power generation overview
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
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Elec
tric
En
ergy
pro
du
ced
in T
Wh
Year
تجةالطاقة الكهربائية المن
The current state of electricity in Libya
. 10
10
Compared to its regional peers, Libya shows the highest
pro-capita and residential electricity consumption
Libyan power generation overview
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
. 11
42%
17%
41%
Electricity Generation in Libya by Fuel Type (2010)
LFO
HFO
GAS
Efficiency and affordability improvements through gas
Average fuel used to produce electricity %, 2010
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
Libyan power generation overview
. 12
12
13%
7%
80%
Electricity Generation in Libya by Fuel Type (2016)
LFO
HFO
GAS
Average fuel used to produce electricity %, 2016
Efficiency and affordability improvements through gas
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
Libyan power generation overview
. 13
13
Gas has progressively substituted LFO and HFO as power
generation fuel
Average fuel used to produce electricity %, 2010-2016
Efficiency and affordability improvements through gas
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
Libyan power generation overview
. 14
14
165.93
89.2
67.8
43.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
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160
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2014 2015 2016 PV power plant(2017)
LD/M
Wh
MWh price - LD/MWh
Comparison of the cost of megawatts per hour for
conventional stations and PV stations
Efficiency and affordability improvements through gas
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
Libyan power generation overview
. 15
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• Current power generation fuel mix is mostly basedupon natural gas (~80%)
• Power generation from oil (marine oil and diesel) areexpected to phase out due to its high cost ofproduction and import
• Certainty on upstream investment and improvedphysical infrastructure are crucial to enabling gasrole in national power generation mix
• RE must be in Energiy Mix.
Efficiency and affordability improvements through gas
Libyan power generation overview
. 16
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Peak demand growing but at lower rate Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
Libyan power generation overview
. 17
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Winter peak demand by end use
Demand side management (DSM)
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
H.Industrial2%
Light Industrial4%
Irrigation15%
Freezer2%
HVAC7%
Lights25%
Miscelleaneous4%
Plug Load8%
Pumps6%
Refrigerator4%
Water Heat10%
Govermental13%
Winter System Demand at Peak Hour by End-Use
. 18
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Summer peak demand by end use
Demand side management (DSM)
Source: GECOL data collection, Strategy& analysis
. 19
Distribution of one million energy saving lamps in 2015 & 2017
Replacement of electric heaters with solar heaters
Energy Management Programs inGovernment Buildings
Preparing a Strategic Plan for RenewableEnergies development
In addiation to the efficiency and affordabilityimprovements through gas, GECOL with REAoL have done:
. 20
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Strategic Plan for Renewable Energies
2018 - 2030
Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
. 21
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20302018
Electricity mixture produced by the end of 2030
Renewable Energy
0%
Convential Energy100%
Renewable Energy Convential Energy
Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
. 22
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NowYear - 2018
2019-2021
2022-2024
2025-2027
2027-2030
0%
5%850 MW
300 MW
11%1750 MW
500 MW
17%2800 MW
700 MW
100 MW
22%3350 MW
850 MW
400 MW
Pentration Rate
Proposed Capacity
Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
. 23
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Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
Proposed Strategy for Renewable Energy Development in Libya
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Cap
acit
y in
MW
Year
Proposed Strategy for Renewable Energy Development in Libya 2018 - 2030
Wind Energy PV CSP
. 24
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Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan- NEEAP
. 25
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• Coming up with the National Energy Efficiency Action Plan(NEEAP)
• Propose the necessary laws, regulations, incentives and getit approved by the goverment
• Increase people's awareness and public acceptance of theimportance of energy conservation
• Benefit from the experiences of other countries in the fieldof energy efficiency
Reaol has been given the job of carrying out the work ofEnergy Efficiency to the stage of implementation:
Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
. 26
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An overview of the National Energy Efficiency Action Plan, 2014-2016
Item Cost Datecumulative saving upto
2016
1Replacement of Electric Heaters
with Solar Water Heaters225,000,000 2016 490.56 GWh
2 CFL 5,000,000 2016 438 GWh
3Energy Management in
Government Buildings
5,000 L.D. for training of
Energy Managers2016 Supportive
4construction of 3 energy efficient
building (Government)2,000 L.D. / m2 2016
60% reduction in energy
consumption
5executing 60 energy auditing
studies
5,000 L.D (training of
energy auditing specialist)2016 supportive
Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
. 27
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Item Cost Datecumulative saving upto
2016
6 reduction of commercial losses 125 L.D. per meter 2016Card meters, public
awareness, incentives
7 EE labels to be set 2016 supportive
8 Building Energy Code 300,000 2016 supportive
9 Award of Arab EE day 40,000 2016 supportive
An overview of the National Energy Efficiency Action Plan, 2014-2016
Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
. 28
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Preparing energy efficiency code for buildings
Libyan National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
. 29
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• The built environment accounts for over 40%of delivered energy consumption
• The majority of energy consumed is for spaceand water heating, not electricity in mostbuildings
• The domestic sector in the Libya accounts foralmost 39% of final energy consumption
• The energy efficiency of the bulk of thehousing stock is poor
• There is significant scope for energy efficiencyimprovements with savings in space heatingof up to 90% achievable
39%
13%9%9%
16%14%
Residential AgricultureIndustry Street lightingCommercial Public service
Preparing energy efficiency code for buildings
. 30
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Case Study
➢Motivation and Defining the Building
• The building is a typicalresidential building for a familylocated in Abonjeam Village, aresidential complex located inthe Central Region in Libya.
• The building is made of onestory building. The set pointtemperature is defined for thisanalysis in 24°C. The buildinghas a total volume of 594 m3
and a treated floor area of 198m2 per house.
• Improve the energy performance ofbuildings and raise the level ofthermal satisfaction.
• Reduce energy consumption in thebuilding sector.
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0
5
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0.00E+00 1.00E+03 2.00E+03 3.00E+03 4.00E+03 5.00E+03 6.00E+03 7.00E+03 8.00E+03 9.00E+03 1.00E+04
Load
-kW
Time - Hours
Cooling and Heating Load
H_QHEAT H_QCOOL
A TRNSYS software was to used to create a deck file with all the information about thebuilding regarding architecture, materials, and cooling loads.
Case Study
. 32
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COOLING LOAD
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
kWh
Cooling load in the building. Reference case, 29.3 MWh/year, 155 kWh/m2
QCOOL-REF
Case Study
. 33
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COOLING LOAD
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
kWh
Cooling load in the building. Reference case+Target case
QCOOL-REF QCOOL-Target
Case Study
. 34
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COOLING LOAD
Walls, roofs and ground
63%
Internal gains5%
Transparent surfaces27%
Outside air (Infil. + Vent.)
5%
Cooling loads distribution in the house Reference case
Walls, roofs and ground Internal gains
Transparent surfaces Outside air (Infil. + Vent.)
Case Study
. 35
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Accumulated energy required for cooling and heating load in the house in kWh
Ref. Case Target Case
Reduction in required energy for cooling by 63%
11700 kWh30000 kWh
60 kWh/m2155 kWh/m2
Case Study
. 36
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Cooling load = 155 kWh/m2 per year – 60 155 kWh/m2
Hot water production = 82 % per year by solar energy
Saving up tp 30% from the old systems
PV system = 15700 kWh per year
Initial energy
performance
Final energy
performance
63% savings for
cooling load only
Envelope optimisation
DHW System
Efficient AC System
PV System
Case Study
➢ our studies have shown that proper wall insulation alone can save up to 60% of theenergy used in MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region, especially in the residentialsector
➢ The potential for energy efficiency in buildings is very large both in new and in existingbuildings. Over time the energy efficiency in buildings can be reduced by more than 60 %alone with measures, which are feasible already today.
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Dr. Nouri Alkishriwi
Renewable Energy Authority of Libya- REAoL
Assist. Prof. at University of Tripoli
Contacts:
Mobile : +218 91 8409205
E-mail : n.alkishriwi@gmail.com
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