drug study for itp
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DRUG
STUDY
Petal Rose T. Madiam
Group 9E
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(ROCEPHIN)
y anti infective
:y Meningitis and bone/joint infection. Septicemia, Otitis
Media, Peri operative Prophylaxis, Lyme dse.
y Bind to the bacterial cell wall membrane causing celldeath.Therapeutic effect: bactericidal action against
susceptible bacteria.
:y Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin
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pain, tenderness, hardness, or warmth in the place whereceftriaxone was injected
headache
dizziness
sweating
flushing
diarrhea
y Usual Adult Dose for Intra abdominal Infection:
2 g IV 24 hours for 7 to 14 days, depending on the nature andseverity of the infection
y Intermittent Infusion: reconstitute
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(COZAAR)
y anti hypertensives
y Alone or with other agents in the management ofhypertension .Prevention of stroke in patients with
hypertension.
:y Lowering of blood pressure. decreased risk of stroke in
patients with hypertension
y Hypersensitivity; OB: can cause injury or death of fetus.
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Dizziness,
anxiety,
depression,
fatigue,
headache,
insomnia,
weakness,
hypotension,
chest pain edema,
tachycardia,
diarrhea, nausea,
and vomiting
y Adults: PO hypertension-50 mg once daily initial
y Correct volume depletion, if possible, prior to initiation of therapy
y PO: May be administered without regard to meals
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(LOPRESOR)
y Anti Hypertensive
y Hypertension. Angina Pectoris. Prevention of MI anddecreased mortality in patients with recent MI.
y Decreased blood pressure and heart rate. Decreasedfrequency of attacks of angina pectoris. Decreasedrate of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization in
patient with heart failure.
y Uncompensated CHF; Pulmonary edema:Cardiogenic shock; Bradycardia
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Fatigue,
weakness,
anxiety,
depression, dizziness,
drowsiness,
insomnia,
memory loss,
blurred vision,
hypotension,
diarrhea,
dry mouth,
flatulence,
heart burn,
urinary frequency.
y Adults: PO; Anti Hypertensive / Anti anginal -25-100mg/day as a single
dose initially or two divided doses.
:
y PO: Take apical pulse before administering, If
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(LASIX)
y Diuretics
y Treatment of edema ,associated w/ CHF renal & hepaticdisorders. Management of oliguria due to renal failure &insufficiency. Mild to moderate HTN. Severe hypercalcemia.
Adjunct to other antihypertensive agents.
y Rapid-acting potent sulfonamide loop diuretic andantihypertensive with pharmacologic effects and usesalmost identical to those of ethacrynic acid. Exact mode ofaction not clearly defined; decreases renal vascular
resistance and may increase renal blood flow.
y Severe renal or hepatic dysfunction. Addison's disease.Electrolyte imbalance.
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Fluid & electrolyte imbalance including :
hyponatremia,
hypokalemia
hypochloremic alkalosis;
hyperuricemia
y Treatment of HTN AdultUsually, 40-80 mg daily either alone or in
conjunction w/ anti hypertensives. Amp Adult20-40 mg IV/IM once
daily to bid, may be increase at 2-hrly interval by 20 mg.
:y Do not administer discolored solution or tablets.
y PO: May be taken with food or milk to minimize gastric irritation.
Tablets may be crushed if the patients has difficulty swallowing.
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(ALDACTONE)
y Diuretics
y Counteract potassium loss caused by other diuretics .
Used with other agents to treat edema or hypertension.
y Inhibition of sodium re-absorption in the kidney whilesaving potassium and hydrogen ions
y Hypersensitivity; Hyperkalemia; anuria, acute renalinsufficiency.
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y Dizziness,
y clumsiness,
y headache,y constipation,
y nausea,
y vomiting,
y breast tenderness,
y irregular menses,
y voice deepening.
y Adults: PO: Edema-25-200mg/day in 1-2 divided doses.
y Diuretic Induced hypokalemia-25-100mg/day in 1-2divided doses
y PO: Administer in A.M. to avoid interrupting sleep pattern.
y Administer with food or milk to minimize gastric irritation andto increase bioavailability.
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(CITROCARBONATE)
y anti ulcer agents
y PO,IV: Management of metabolic Acidosis; Used toalkanalize urine and promote excretion of certain
drugs in over dosage situations; Antacids
y Acts as an alkalinizing agent by releasingbicarbonate ions. Following oral administration,releases bicarbonate, which is capable of
neutralizing gastric acid.
y Metabolic or respiratory alkalosis; Hypocalcemia;Excessive chloride loss; Patients on sodium restricteddiets; renal failure
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y Edema
y
Flatulencey Gastric distention
y ALKALINIZATION OF URINE: 48 meq(4g) initially. Then12-24 meq (1-2g) q 4hr.
y ANTACID: tab/powder-325mg-2g,1-4 times daily or tsp. of powder q 4 hr as needed
y This medication may cause premature dissolution ofenteric coated tablets in the stomach.
y When used in treatment of peptic ulcers, may beadministered 1&3 hr after meals and at bedtime
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(CIPRO)
y anti-infectives
y Infections of the resp. tract, middle ear, sinuses, eyes,kidneys &/or UTI, genital organs (including gonorrhea),
abdominal cavity (eg bacterial infections of the GIT,biliary tract, peritonitis), skin & soft tissues, bones &joints; septicemia, infections in patients w/reduced hostdefenses, selective gut decontamination.
y
Death of susceptible bacteria.
y Hypersensitivity. Cross sensitivity among agents withinclass may occur.
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Nausea,
diarrhea,
vomiting,
abdominal pain,
flatulence
anorexia.
Dizziness,
headache,
tiredness,
agitation
trembling.
Skin rashes,
drug fever.
Joint pains.
y Tab Uncomplicated upper & lower UTI 100-125 mg bid.
y Complicated urinary & resp tract infections (eg bronchitis) 250-500 mg bid.
:y If gastric irritation occurs, ciprofloxacin may be administered with meals
y Do confuse norfloxacin with norflex
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(CATAPRES)
y anti hypertensives
y PO,Transdermal: Management of mild to
moderate hypertension.
y Decreased Blood Pressure, Decreased pain
y
Hypersensitivity; Epidural- injection, anti coagulanttherapy
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Dizziness,
headache,
sedation,
depression,
hallucination,
decreased libido,
nightmare,
sleep disorder,
nasal dryness,
rash,
fatigue,
constipation,
nausea, ,
vomiting.
y Adult; PO: HPN -100 mcg bid, increase by 100-200mcg/day in 2-4days; Usualmaintenance dose is 200-600 mcg/day in 2-3 divided doses.
y PO: Administer last dose of the day at the bedtimey Transdermal: Transdermal system should be applied once every 7 days. May
be applied to any hairless site; avoid cuts or calluses
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(MAALOX)
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tingling
arrhythmias
bradycardia
constipation
nausea
vomiting
y Adults: PO; Prevention of hypocalcemia, treatment ofdepletion -1-2g/day
y PO: Administer calcium carbonate or phosphate 1-1.5hr. after meals and at bed time.
y Follow oral doses with a full glass of water, Administer onan empty stomach to optimize effectiveness.
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(ZOCOR)
y Lipid lowering agents
y Secondary prevention of cardiovascular
events(decreased risk of MI, stroke, and cardio vascularmortality) in patients with clinically evident CHD or thoseat high risk for CHD.
y Lowers total and LDL cholesterol. Slightly increase HDL..
Slows the progression of coronary atherosclerosis withresultant decrease in CHD.
y Hypersensitivity; Active liver dse, OB/LACTATION:pregnancy or lactation
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Dizziness
Headache
Insomnia
Weakness
Chest pain
Abdominal cramps
Constipation
Diarrhea
Flatus
Heartburn
Nausea
y Adults PO: 5-80 mg once daily in the evening
y Avoid Large amounts of grape fruit juice during therapy; mayincrease risk of toxicity
y Administer extended release tablets at bed time. Extended releasetablets should be swallowed whole.
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(ERYTHROPOIETIN)
y anti anemics
y Anemia associated with chronic renal failure.
Reduction of need for transfusions after surgery.
y Maintains and may elevate RBCs, decreasing theneed for transfusions.
y Hypersensitivity to albumin or mammalian cell-
derived products. Uncontrolled HPN.
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y Headache
y Hypertensions
y Transient rashes
y ANEMIA OF CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE-subcut, IV -50-100 units/kg 3times weekly initially, then adjust dose based on hematocrit.
y Do not shake the vial; inactivation of medication may occur.discard vial immediately after drawing dose from single use.
y Transfusions are still required for severe symptomatic anemia.
Supplemental iron should be initiated and continue throughouttherapy
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(ANTARA)
y Lipid lowering Agents
y With dietary therapy to decrease LDL cholesterol, total
cholesterol, and triglycerides.
y Lowering of cholesterol and triglycerides withsubsequent decreased risk of pancreatitis
y Hypersensitivity; severe hepatic and renal impairment.Unexplained persistent liver function abnormality andprimary biliary cirrhosis; preexisting gall bladder disease.Pregnancy, lactation
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Headache, dizziness
fatigue, arrhythmia,
dizziness, vaginitis,,
rhinitis,
cough,
sinusitis,, polyuria,
y Antara-43mg/day; Lofibra -67 mg/day, Tricor-48mg/day
y Patients should be placed on a triglyceride lowering dietbefore therapy and remain on this diet throughouttherapy.
y Brands are not interchangeable
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