e waste final project (2)
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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2
We hereby present the project on E-WASTE
We express our sincere vote of thanks to project guide
Prof. Y. M. PATIL in Civil Engineering Dept. R.I.T. Sakharale, for giving
personal attention and valuable guidance and taking interest in completing this
project.
We express our gratitude to them for providing necessary facilities
for the completion of project.
We give special thanks to Prof. Kavade Sir , HOD of Mechanical
Engineering Department for his encouragement.
We would like to thank our principal Dr. Mrs. S. S. Kulkarni
for her active co- operation and encouragement.
We once again thankful to all those, who directly or indirectly helpus in completing this project and making it pleasurable knowledgeable
experience.
Thanking You,
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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
INDEX:
PAGE NO:
ABSTRACT .6
INTRODUCTION ..7
E-WASTE.8
1.WHAT IS E-WASTE?
2.SOURCES OF E-WASTE?
3.METHODS OF DISPOSAL OF E-WASTE?
4.HAZARDS IN E-WASTE?
EXPORT OF E-WASTE.12
EFFECT ON ENVIORNMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH...14
1.EFFECTS OF E-WASTE CONSTITUENTS ON HEALTH
E-WASTE THE INDIAN CONTENT.20
E-WASTE MANAGEMENT25
METHODS OF DISPOSAL OF E-WASTE..27
CASE STUDY29
CONCLUSION..32
REFFERENCES.33
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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10
HAZARDS IN E-WASTE
E-waste contains a witches brew of toxic substances. Some of the potentially
hazardous metals that are part of this e-waste are lead, barium, cadmium, tin etc. These heavy
metals are mostly toxic and heavy exposure to them can cause diseases like silicosis,
respiratory irritation, pulmonary edema and even death in some cases. The impact of e-
waste may be broadly classified into two categories:
1. Downstream Impacts: Hazardous waste trade is fundamentally unjust and
environmentally damaging since it victimizes the poor, burdening them with toxic exposure
and environmental degradation. This is especially egregious when victims get little benefit
from the industrialization that created the waste in the first place.
2.Upstream Impacts
: Hazardous waste trade allows waste generators to externalize theircosts, creating a major disincentive to finding true solutions upstream for the problems they
create. As long as one can cheaply dump their waste problems on poorer economies, there
will never be incentives to minimize hazardous waste at the source. This forestalls the
necessary innovation to solve environmental problems through design.
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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH
Disposal of e-wastes is a particular problem faced in many regions across the globe.
Computer wastes that are landfilled produces contaminated leachates which eventually
pollute the groundwater. Acids and sludge obtained from melting computer chips, if
disposed on the ground causes acidification of soil. For example, Guiyu, Hong Kong a
thriving area of illegal e-waste recycling is facing acute water shortages due to the
contamination of water resources. This is due to disposal of recycling wastes such as acids,
sludge etc. in rivers. Now water is being transported from faraway towns to cater to the
demands of the population. Incineration of e-wastes can emit toxic fumes and gases,
thereby polluting the surrounding air. Improperly monitored landfills can cause
environmental hazards. Mercury will leach when certain electronic devices, such as circuitbreakers are destroyed. The same is true for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from
condensers. When brominated flame retardant plastic or cadmium containing plastics are
landfilled, both polybrominated dlphenyl ethers (PBDE) and cadmium may leach into the
soil and groundwater. It has been found that significant amounts of lead ion are dissolved
from broken lead containing glass, such as the cone glass of cathode ray tubes, gets mixed
with acid waters and are a common occurrence in landfills.
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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
EFECTS OF E-WASTE CONSTITUENT ON HEALTH
Source of e-wastes Constituent Health effects
Solder in printed circuit boards,glass panels and gaskets in
computer monitors
Lead (PB)
Damage to central and peripheral
nervous systems, blood systems
and kidney damage. Affects brain development of
children.
Chip resistors and semiconductors Cadmium (CD)
Toxic irreversible effects on
human health. Accumulates in kidney and liver. Causes neural damage. Teratogenic.
Relays and switches, printed circuit
boardsMercury (Hg)
Chronic damage to the brain.
Respiratory and skin disorders dueto bioaccumulation in fishes.
Corrosion protection of untreated Hexavalent Asthmatic bronchitis.
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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
pattern of governance. It ushered in an era of infrastructure reform and e-governance. This
shift is marked by the application of information technology in a big way in all areas. These
developments, along with indigenous technological advancement, have lead to an addition of
wide gamut of e-waste churned out from Indian households, commercial establishments,
industries and public sectors, into the waste stream. Solid waste management, which is
already a mammoth task in India, has become more complicated by the invasion of e-waste,
particularly computer waste to India, from different parts of the world. Indigenous as well as
imported computer waste has lead to the emergence of a thriving market of computer waste
products and processing units for material recovery in different parts of India. So trade in e-
waste is camouflaged and is a thriving business in India, conducted under the pretext of
obtaining reusable equipment or donations from developed nations.
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E-WASTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22
E-WASTE MANAGEMENT
The current e-waste management and disposal methods suffer from a number of
drawbacks like inadequate legislations, lack of funds, poor awareness and reluctance on part
of the governments and the corporate to address the critical issues. A plan of action for e-
waste management has to address the above mentioned issues in order to come up with a
sustainable solution. The most important participants/stake holders in any action plan would
be:
1. The society, represented by NGOs and Environmental activists/scientists
2. Government - policy makers
3. Corporate - R&D teams
4. Media - for awareness and public education
The extension of customer support services by the IT industry to cover the management of
redundant IT equipment from the commercial sector could help tackle two related
environmental and economic concerns. These are: the environmental effects of resource
consumption and materials disposal from the production of IT products, and the development
of more enduring customer relationships through the provision of full product life-cycle
services.
Transparency and accountability to the public
Handling large amounts of e-waste poses risks of toxic contamination to workers and
surrounding communities if conducted carelessly. Thus, the most basic criterion that
employees and citizens should rightfully expect from any recycling operation is that it be
open to public inspection.
General compliance with occupational health and safety standards
Observance of health and safety standards in the workplace is important for protecting
workers from exposure to toxics. It is also a powerful indicator of broader compliance with
environmental requirements. Well-trained workers, who are fully protected by the law to seek
advice and take action to protect their health and the environment without fear of reprisal
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CASE STUDY
Survey of E-Waste:
Under this subject we visited Islampur city and made a survey of about amount and disposal
of e-waste products. We get information is as follows-
At Karad, the recycling of these materials is done and remaining is disposed
Payal Electronics Gandhi Chauk,
Islampur.
Mr. Patil Satish. Sold to dealer of
Karad
Lalwaani Eletronics S T Stand Road,
Islampur.
Mr. Lalwani And
Sons.
Sold to dealer of
Karad
Satyam Computers Near S T Stand,
Islampur
Mr. Bhatt Manoj. Sold to dealer of
Karad
S N Electricals Azad Chauk,Islampur. Mr. NaikadShashikant. Sold to dealer ofKarad
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REFERENCES:
1.
CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROLE BOARD.
2. SOLID WASTE & RECYCLING, October/November 2002.
3. http://www.metro-region.org/library_docs/recycling .
4. http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/Electronics/WhatisEwaste .
5. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT .by:A.D.BHIDE.
http://www.metro-region.org/library_docs/recyclinghttp://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/Electronics/WhatisEwastehttp://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/Electronics/WhatisEwastehttp://www.metro-region.org/library_docs/recycling
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