effective management of distribution grid model data
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© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Effective Management of Distribution Grid
Model Data
Pat Brown, John Simmins, Jared GreenEPRI
CIGRE Grid of the Future Symposium
October 23, 2017
2© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
EMS, Markets
DER Aggregators
Networked Transmission
Radial Distribution
Active Customers, Assets, and Dispatchable Generation
Markets Networked Transmission
Radial Distribution
New Expectations
New PlayersNew Grid-Connected Equipment
New Technologies
The Distribution grid is changing
Grid planning & operation requires new analytics & simulationsEffective data management is an enabling foundation
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementA Changing Distribution Grid
3© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
PlanningModels, methods, and tools to
support asset and resource planning functions to ensure
the safe, reliable, and efficient modern system.
OperationsMonitoring, controls, automation
technologies and tools to optimize and ensure the safe, secure, and reliable operation
of the modern system.
Supporting TechnologiesData capture, management, communications, and cyber security that
support the planning and operation of the modern system.
PlanningModels, methods, and tools to
support asset and resource planning functions to ensure
the safe, reliable, and efficient modern system.
OperationsMonitoring, controls, automation
technologies and tools to optimize and ensure the safe, secure, and reliable operation
of the modern system.
Supporting TechnologiesData capture, management, communications, and cyber security that
support the planning and operation of the modern system.
DER & LoadForecasting
HostingCapacityAnalysis
ExpansionPlanning
InterconnectionEvaluation
Non-WiresSolution
Evaluation
Protection Design Adaptive
Settings
OutageManagement& Scheduling
Volt-VArControl
T &DReliabilityPlanning
LoadShedding Demand
Response
DERMonitoring/
Control
FLISR
Short-termDER & LoadForecasting
Communications DataManagement
CyberSecurity
FieldDevices
SituationalAwareness
TrainingSimulator
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementNew Analytics and Simulations
4© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
What do those ‘future applications’ do?– Execute power flow-based simulations (network analysis functions)
What do those ‘future applications’ need?– Network (grid) model data:
Data representing a simplified view of the electrical grid, including equipment, its electrical behavior and its connectivity, as well as its operating state at a moment in time, that is sufficient to describe a starting point for network analysis.
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementNew Analytics and Simulations
5© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Grid model data is complex to manage because it:– Is big– Is made up of different types of data with different update
cycles– Represents one grid past & multiple grid futures– Has different parts from different sources– Typically has a primary source: With major consistency / completeness issues That serves primary purposes other than providing grid model data
– Must be assembled into internally consistent, ‘electrically logical’ cases
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementChallenges to Managing Grid Model Data
6© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution utilities will deploy new analytics and simulationsMany of which require accurate grid model dataThat is difficult to manage
Can we head the problem off at the pass?
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementIn Summary
7© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
EMS/Ops
Planning
Protection
Training
Simulator
Transient
Analysis
Expansion
Planning
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
Every tool requires its own network model, in its own format Every tool has its own
users and maintainers
Silos are both technical and organizational
Consistently across industry In well-established silos
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementNetwork Model Data Management in Transmission
”Learning from Older Brother’s Mistakes”
8© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Consistently across industry In well-established silos
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementNetwork Model Data Management in Transmission
”Learning from Older Brother’s Mistakes”
Network Cases
EMSNetwork Model
Enterprise Data Sources
Line Impedance Calculation
Circuit Description
Transformer Data
Substation As-Built
Outage Studies
Substation Load History
Planning Base Cases
Import/Export Cases
Generator data
Plans
Line Rating Calculation
Validation Cases
ProtectionModel/Cases
GIS
Outages
9© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
TSO Footprint Enterprise Data Sourcesfor TSO Consumers
Construction Projects
Construction Package
Proposed Projects TSO Network Model
Consumer Applications
TSO PlanningPower Flow Application
External Footprint Data Sourcesfor TSO Consumers
ISO Planning Power FlowApplication
Case Assumptions
OperatingPhilosophies
Physical Network Model
xfmr serial number, factory test results
Equipment FactoryTesting
Circuit Limits Calculator
Trans Plan Model
Ratings(ratings for every circuit
component, includes relay settings that limit
ratings)(generic device rating/
limit information)
Circuit Limits(8 temperature-based
levels)
yearly non-coincident per transformer
peak load projections
yearly non-coincident per transformer
peak load projections
factory test results
rating information
reference
electronic transfer
electronic transfer
TSO EMS
EMS Model
equipment names, normal states, connectivity,
load & generation locations, transformer
tap data, telemetry
line impedances
generator location, generator steady-
state behavior characteristics
voltage schedules
non-SCADA load allocations
peak loads
reference
line & transformer circuit limits
.pdf of test results
Asset Procurement asset data
load injections
load scalingload scaling
Trans Plan Engin
Trans Plan Engin
Summer Peak
Base Case
planned equipment names, connectivity,
load & generation locations
line & transformer circuit limits
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
generator injections
Study DTSEnvironment Simulator
EMS Study Case
interchange schedulesexternal
interchangeTrans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
typical equipment limits
reference
typical equipment impedances
LimitsLimits
ControlControl
Load ConfigLoad Config
equipment name, connectivity
ManualEntry
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
tap settings
DTS Model
EMS cases are based on
configuration source data
UV and UF relay settings
Dynamics Case
generator dynamic behavior
characteristics
transformer impedances & taps
Relay Engineering
Trans P and CTrans
P and C
DTS Scenario
DTS scenarios are based on configuration source data
equipment names, normal states,
transformer tap data, connectivity,
load & generation locations
Asset Management
(existing assets, names, nameplate information,
including rating)
Asset Mgmt
Station Engin
Station Engin
occasional relaying info
script per case rating update
script per case rating update
Summer Peak
Base Case
ISO
Summer Peak
Base Case
Dynamics Case
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
reference
email with requested line & transformer
impedances
external network equipment names,
normal states, connectivity, impedances,
load locations & allocations
external network equipment names,
normal state, connectivity,
load locations, ICCP config
external generator locations, generator
steady-state behavior characteristics
external network line & transformer impedances
voltage schedules
generator location, operating characteristics
ISO
line & transformer impedances
ISO
internal (muni load) interchange
ISO
voltage schedules
ISO
ManualEntry
Trans P and CTrans
P and C
load & generation injection adjustments
PurchasingPurchasing
TSO Voltage Stability Analysis Tool
Summer Peak
Base Case
Summer Peak
Base Case
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
per case translationper case
translation
generator time constants
ManualEntry
EMS Support
EMS Support
external outagesoutages for initial
& day-ahead studies
external real-time measurement values /
states
external equipment/circuit ISO OS IDs
added/removed equipment IDs
NERC SDX(Eastern Interconnect
outages)
NERC
TSO Outage Scheduler
Outageable Equipment
Model
equipment names, in-service dates,
connectivity
station and asset information
ManualEntry
ICCPICCP
EMS Real-time Case
equipment name, normal state, connectivity, load
locations
Other Utility
internal TSO outages
internal TSO outages
outage request
outages for initial study
TSOPlanned
Field Work
FieldPersonnel
FieldPersonnel
outages for day-ahead study
internal TSO outagesNERC SDX
(Eastern interconnect outages)
NERC
outages for initial study
load & generation injection adjustments
system load
reference
Outage Scheduler(internal planned & actual
outages)
OS Support
Real-time Data Historian
(historic EMS point values)
EMS Support
historic point data used as needed to validate Planning case assumptions
Field Construction
Construction Planning
Design
Single line diagram(connectivity, equipment name,
line name, load location)Telemetry, control
Tap settingsRelaying diagram/schemes
Equipment list, conductor size
Design
Single line diagram(connectivity, equipment name,
line name, load location)Telemetry, control
Tap settingsRelaying diagram/schemes
Equipment list, conductor size
Station Engin
As-Built
revised Design Package
As-Built
revised Design Package
ISO .interconnection
projects
ISOtransmission
upgrades
TSOexpansion planning
Trans Plan Engin
Planned Project Database
(proposed/planned project information:
dates, costs, engineering details, drawings, status,
project manager)
line & transformer circuit impedances
reference
Protection Engineering Tool
Short Circuit(line & transformer impedance matrix,
generator impedances – includes topology)
Trans P and C
Relay (calculated internal relay
settings, record of external relay settings)
Line Constants(physical line
characteristics, topology)
detailed physical line characteristics
equipment, connectivity
equipment, connectivity
xfmrimpedances
relay settings
relay specifications/schemes,
CT/PT ratios
generator location, operating characteristics
for generators in operation / under
construction
ISO/Generator Owners
asset data
reference
xfmr nameplate
Station Engin
Station Engin
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
Load ForecastApplication
(system load forecasts)
Control Center
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
ManualEntry
EMS Support
EMS Support
ManualEntry
OS SupportOS Support
unplanned (actual) outage
TSO System Event
ControlCenter
ControlCenter
Load History Database
(monthly substation Distribution bus peak loads)
Distr Engin
yearly per operating company load projections
ISO
load dynamic behavior
characteristics
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
script per case update file
script per case update file
internal contingency list selection
Trans Plan Engin
Trans Plan Engin
internal contingency lists
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
script per case update file
script per case update file
ManualEntry
Trans Plan Model
Trans Plan Model
Contingency List
Contingency List
ManualEntry
Trans Plan Engin
Trans Plan Engin
Trans Ops Engin
Trans Ops Engin
ManualEntry
EMS Support
EMS Support
ManualEntry
Trans P and CTrans
P and C
Trans P and C
Transformer Impedance Database(transformer impedances)
reference
Trans Ops Engin
Trans Ops Engin
reference
contingency & monitored element
configuration
Trans Ops Engin
Trans Ops Engin
internal equipment/circuit ISO OS IDs
ISO Outage Scheduler
ISOadded/
removed equipment IDs
ManualEntry
Trans Ops Engin
Trans Ops Engin
ControlCenter
ControlCenter
Trans Ops Engin
Trans Ops Engin
ManualEntry
ControlCenter
ControlCenter
ManualEntry
Trans P and CTrans
P and C
equipment names, normal states,
transformer tap data, connectivity,
load & generation locations, generator
steady-state behavior characteristics, line &
transformer circuit impedances, line & transformer limits, voltage schedules, load & generator
injections, interchange
equipment names, normal states,
transformer tap data, connectivity,
load & generation locations, generator
steady-state behavior characteristics, line &
transformer circuit impedances, line & transformer limits, voltage schedules, load & generator
injections, interchange
load & generation dynamic behavior
characteristics
Key
ActorActor
process details
process details
process details
process details
ManualEntry
Actor assisting w/ information flow
Manual information flow
Partially automatedInformation flow
AutomatedInformation flow
TSO Data Owner
Application/ System/
Database SourceNon-TSO
Data Owner
Application/ System/
Database Source
TSO PlanningPower Flow Application
Summer Peak Base Case
Trans Plan Model
ISO EMS
ISO
EMS Model
Run-Time EMS
one-line indicating
change
one-line indicating
change
ISO Outage Scheduler
Outageable Equipment
Model
ISO
Outages
ISO outages
OS SupportOS Support
9
No overarching data management strategy
10© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Network Model Manager (NMM) Vision:
One Source for Each Piece of Data
0Effective Grid Model Data Management Network Model Data Management in Transmission
”Learning from Older Brother’s Mistakes” EPRI work in Transmission
Network Cases
EMSNetwork Model
Enterprise Data Sources
Line Impedance Calculation
Circuit Description
Transformer Data
Substation As-Built
Outage Studies
Substation Load History
Network Model Manager
As-Built Internal
As-Built External
Plans Internal
Plans External
Planning Base Cases
Import/Export Cases
Generator data
CM
Plans
Line Rating Calculation
Validation Cases
PNM
ProtectionModel
GIS
Object Registry
Outages
11© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
In Transmission, EPRI Outlined the strategy in reports– Network Model Manager Technical Market Requirements
(Product ID 3002003053)
– Using the Common Information Model for Network Analysis Data Management: A CIM Primer Series Guide (Product ID 3002002587)
– Network Model Manager and Repository: A Guide to Exploring the Potential of Centralized Network Model Management (Product ID 3002000609)
Socialized the strategy via multiple presentations, articles Is seeing increased utility and vendor interest
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementNetwork Model Data Management in Transmission
12© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
A data management foundation for GIS/grid model data would:– Reduce risk of bad data causing errors in operations decisions study results capital planning decisionsmaintenance decisions
– Save labor wasted in duplicate entry, chasing bad data– Improve timeliness of results, decisions and actions– Provide a platform for deploying as-yet-unthought-of future applications
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementIn the Distribution Domain
13© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Develop an industry vision for grid model data management – Based on requirements synthesized from many utilities– That recognizes and supports the unique role of field activity– Expressed in terms of business functions and supporting software
services– That allows the definition of industry standard data exchanges
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementMeeting the Challenge
14© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Planning Operations
Supporting Technologies
Hosting Capacity Analysis
Steady-State Power Flow
Short Circuit Power Flow
Unplanned Outage
ManagementUnplanned
Outage Detection
OperationalForecasting
Load Forecasting
DER Forecasting
Planned Outage
ManagementOutage Request
Management
Contingency Analysis
WorkManagement
Crew Management
Grid Model DataManagement
Model Part Maintenance
Case Assembly
Long-Term Forecasting
DER Forecasting
Load Forecasting
Protection Design
Short Circuit Power Flow
Engineering DesignLine Project Design
Substation Project Design
Business functionsSoftware services Standard data exchanges
15© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Develop an industry vision for grid model data management – Based on requirements synthesized from many utilities– That recognizes and supports the unique role of field activity– Expressed in terms of business functions and supporting software
services– That allows the definition of industry standard data exchanges
Enhance the CIM standard Functional requirements for distribution grid model data
management toolSocialize the vision
– Utility understanding– Vendor interfaces on products – both data producers and consumers– Enable utilities to implement product-based solutions which reinforce
good data management
Effective Grid Model Data ManagementMeeting the Challenge
16© 2017 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
EPRI has launched multi-year, multi-utility collaborative supplemental project
Distribution GIS & Grid Model Data Management Project
GIS data cleanup– ‘Technologies of Promise’ exploration– Geo-spatial modeling best practices Field crew enablement
– Solution architecture evaluation & demonstrationDistribution enterprise grid model data management
– Utility deep dives (up to 5)– Define grid model management architecture– CIM standard advancement
More information Pat Brown pbrown@epri.com John Simmins jsimmins@epri.com Jared Green jgreen@epri.com
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