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Nano SilverNeena SahasrabudheDTSC
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Nano Material Applications
CONSUMER PRODUCTS
PESTICIDES AND ANTIMICROBIALS
MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS AND
PHARMACEUTICALS
BIOTECHNOLOGY
AUTOMOTIVE
PAINTS AND COATINGS
COSMETICS AND PERSONAL CARE
ENERGY AND ELECTRONICS
WATER AND WASTE TREATMENT2
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Nano silver uses
Medical Productswound dressings,
surgical gauze, bandages
Textiles and Clothing
Sporting Goods
Aerospace and Electronics
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Why are nano materials popular?
Different Physical and Chemicalproperties
Anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties
Light weight
Enhanced product performance 4
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Nano materials also used in
Environmental Remediation
Decontamination of Pollutants
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Environmental Health and Safety
Concerns of Nano Silver
Potential to be released into environment
May be toxic to beneficial microbes
Impact on aquatic species
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Nano Material Lifecycle
Manufacture Transportation Storage
Consumers /
Public
Materials
WorkersWaste
Soil/
SedimentWater
Air Ocean
Plant
Animal
Food
Environment
Integration
Consumer
Products
Devices
Processes
Facility
Systems
Release
Disposal
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I-on concern
Ag (metal) Ag+
e-
Silver ions (Ag+) were considered the
culprit behind the toxicity
of silver nano particles (AgNP*)
* AgNP- Silver nano particles 8
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Wastewater treatment concerns
Considering the current extensive production of Ag NPs andtheir widespread use in consumer products, it is likely that they
are entering wastewater streams and the treatment facilities
that process this water**
nano silver in products can affect the good bacteria intreatment plants
Treatment plants may not function to its capacity
**Discovery and Characterization of Silver Sulfide Nanoparticles in Final Sewage Sludge ProductsKim , Park, Murayama and Hochella, The Center for NanoBioEarth, Department ofGeosciences,Virginia Tech, Department of Materials Science and Engineering
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From
consumer uses
May
affect
treatmentprocess?
May
affect solids
treatmentand energy
processes?
May
affectreceiving
water
and biota?
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Other Concerns
Other consumer products lined with antibacterial nano silver
Food containers, baby bottles
Band aids
Medicinal supplements
FDA nanotechnology section
DTSC does not cover all consumer products 11
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Is human population affected?
Silver metal in colloidal form has been used as
anti-bacterial from ancient times
Engineered nano silver differs from silver metal
Definitive research on nano silver and in vivostudies for mammals is unknown
Research at UCLA plans to find out IF silver nano
plates are toxic to mammalian lungs if inhaled
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What we know
and do not know
Nano material obtained by the
manufacturerManufacturer may know the modification
of nanomaterial into the product
What is coming out of product into theenvironment IS UNKNOWN
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Data gaps
Fate, Transport, Toxicity and ANALYTICAL
METHODS unknown
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Nano Silver in Environment
Lake Ecosystem Nano Silver ( LENS) Project*
Effect of nano silver on aquatic environment
Will monitor changes in lakes ecosystem
Track effects through entire food web
Determine how resulting changes alter ecosystem
function
* Trent University- Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada, Environmental Canada
Support- Fisheries and Oceans Canada
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Measurement Techniques
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
X- Ray Diffraction (XRD)
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
Measurement*** of silver nano particles also dependson
Agglomeration/ thickness of initial capping agents
Dispersion conditions/thickness of natural organicmolecules (NOM)
***Challenges for physical characterization of silver nano particles underpristine and environmentally relevant conditions
Robert Mac Cuspie et al, J. Environ. Monit.,201116
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Shape affects Toxicity
Silver nano plates are toxic in direct
contact with cells of some fish* Silver nano spheres are toxic in high
concentration
Silver nano wires are much less toxic
* Rainbow Trout and Zebra fish**
** nanotechweb- research at UCLA, DR.A. Nel, S. George et al17
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DTSC and Nanosilver
Round Two call-in dataset identified:
Twelve (12) nano silver
manufacturers or importers
Requested information from
manufacturers and importers on
analytical methods of their chemical18
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Outcomes
1.Cooperation and communications withcreators and user's of the material
2.MOU with other state agency (DPR*)
3. Collaboration with Federal agencies,Universities, research agencies
4. Other participations
5. Nano toolkit
*DPR- Department of Pesticide Regulations( Cal EPA) 20
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