endo & rep lab revision 1431

ENDO & REP LAB REVISION 1431

Pituitary Adenoma Circumscribed mass in sella turcica

Pituitary adenoma

Uniform, polygonal cells arranged in sheets& cordsSupporting connective tissue (reticulin is sparse) Mitotic activity scanty Cytoplasm acidophilic

Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Lymphoid follicle at the right center

germ center

Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (DeQuervain's disease), which probably follows a viral infection and leads to a painful enlarged thyroid.

giant cell

Diffuse hyperplastic gland in a case of Graves disease. The follicles are lined by tall, columnar epithelium. The crowded, enlarged epithelial cells project into the lumina of the follicles. These cells actively resorb the colloid in the centers of the follicles, resulting in the "scalloped" appearance of the edges of the colloid

scalloping

Nodular goiter : gland is coarsely nodular and contains areas of fibrosis and cystic changes

Colloid nodular goiter. Follicles are variable sized, distended with colloid, and lined by flat inactive epithelium. Stroma shows hemosiderin, hemorrhage and fibrosis.

colloid

Follicular adenoma of the thyroid. A solitary, well-circumscribed nodule is seen

Photomicrograph of follicular adenoma. Well-differentiated follicles resemble normal thyroid parenchyma

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid : grossly discernible papillary structures

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. : well-formed papillae lined by cells with characteristic empty-appearing nuclei

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid These tumors typically contain amyloid, visible here as homogeneous extracellular material, derived from calcitonin molecules secreted by the neoplastic cells

Amyloid

Nodular glomerulosclerosis (the Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesion) of diabetes mellitus. Nodules of pink hyaline material form in regions of glomerular capillary loops in the glomerulus

Hyaline arteriolosclerosis

Diabetic retinopathy. A view of the fundus shows large areas of preretinal hemorrhage below the optic disc; pale dots represent exudates in the left side. Neovascularization is present on the right side of the optic disc

hemorrhage

exudates

Neovascularization

Adrenocortical hyperplasia. The adrenal cortex is yellow, thickened, and multinodular owing to hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the lipid-rich zonae fasciculata and reticularis.

Adrenocortical adenoma. The adenoma is distinguished from nodular hyperplasia by its solitary, circumscribed nature. The functional status of an adrenocortical adenoma cannot be predicted from its gross or microscopic appearance

Adrenal cortical adenoma at the right resembles normal adrenalfasciculata. The capsule is at the left. There may be some cellular pleomorphism. cells are vacuolated because of the presence of intracytoplasmic lipid. No mitosis

capsule

adenoma Normal

POLYCYSTIC OVARIES

Multiple cysts associated with thickening of ovarian capsule

Serous cystadenoma

Serous cystadenoma

Mucinous cystadenoma ovary

Histologic detail of classic nonciliated, mucin-secreting, columnar lining epithelium of a mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary

Benign (Mature) Cystic Teratomas

Granulosa Cell Tumor

Describe morphology of condyloma acuminatum of the cervix uteri

Koilocytosis :nuclear hyperchromasia and angulation with perinuclear vacuolization produced by cytopathic effect of HPV

Red pink to pink brown elevated papillae and rugose

HPV

Fungating (Exophytic) Ca Cx

carcinoma of cervix

Simple hyperplasia endometrium with dilatation of glands.

Complex hyperplasia of endometrium, gland back to back

Leiomyoma of the uterus are often multiple. Seen here are submucosal, intramural, and subserosal leiomyomata of the uterus.

Leiomyosarcomas, have very large bizarre giant cells along with the spindle cells. A couple of mitotic figures appear at the left and lower left.

Seminoma of the testis

Well circumscribed, large, soft , gray-white ,fleshy, homogeneous tumors that bulge from the cut surface of the affected testis

Large, uniform cells with distinct cell borders, clear, glycogen-rich cytoplasm, and round pale nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and a sparse lymphocytic infiltrate

Seminoma of the testis

•50 - 100 gm •Begins in the inner zone of the prostate, and extends to involve lateral lobes•Well-defined nodules bulge from the cut surface

Nodular hyperplasia of prostate

Normal prostate

Nodular hyperplasia prostate

•Glandular & stromal proliferation•Glands variable in sizes, prominent papillary infoldings•Corpora amylacia