file format. graphics file format gif (graphics interchange format) jpeg (joint photographic experts...

File Format

Graphics file Format

Graphics file Format • GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)

• JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

• PNG (Portable Network Graphics)

• TIFF (Tag Image File format)

• BMP (Bitmap)

Graphic file Format

• GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)– cross-platform compatibility

– developed by CompuServe as a common format for exchanging bitmapped images between different platforms

– uses a lossless compression technique

– restricted to 256 colours

– not suitable for photographic images

Graphic file Format

• JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)– JPEG is a compression technique

– Joint Photographic Experts Group developed the compression technique

– JPEG file is used to refer to what are correctly called - JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF).

Graphic file Format

• PNG (Portable Network Graphics)– widely supported on the web

– devised to supersede GIFs

– GIF compression algorithm patented by Unisys

– it is also lossless technique

– not restricted to 256 colours

– specification published in 1996 by W3C

– http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/

Graphic file Format

• TIFF (Tag Image File format)– not for web

– supported by most painting programs

– can not be read by other programs

– natively supported by Windows as is BMP.

Graphic file Format

• BMP (Bitmap)– not for web

– Microsoft Windows Bitmap format

Vector Graphics file Format • PostScript

• EPS (Encapsulated PostScript)

• SVG

• SWF (Shock Wave File)

Vector Graphics file Format

• PostScript– developed by Adobe in mid 80s

– programming language with built-in graphic capabilities

– page layout language rather than single image language

Vector Graphic file Format

• EPS– Encapsulated PostScript

– most widely used vector graphics format

– but a full PostScript interpreter is required to display EPS images

Vector Graphic file Format

• SVG– by W3C in 1999

– defined in XML (extensible Markup Language)

– SVG is a derivative of PostScript

– easier to implement

– compact

Vector Graphic file Format

• SWF– by Macromedia in 1999

– for vector animations using Flash

– is in wide use for vector images

– highly compact format

– can be rendered very quickly

Sound file Format

Sound file Format

• AIFF - for MacOS

• WAV (or Wave) - for windows

• AU - for Unix

– WAV is the Audio WAVeform file format

• MP3 - MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3

Sound file Format

• Video and other multimedia formats can also

accommodate sound.

• QuickTime and AVI files.

• SWF (Flash) files can also be used to store sound.

• QuickTime supports AIFF, WAV, AU, and MP3 file formats.

Sound file Format

• MIDI– Musical Instruments digital Interface

Sound and Picture file Format

Sound and Picture file Format

• AVI– AVI stands for Audio and Video

Interleaved

Sound and Picture file Format

• MOV– movie object

– file format for QuickTime by apple in 1991

Video file Format Links

• http://www.uwm.edu/People/price/video_file_format_comparison.html

• http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_file_formats

• http://www.geocities.com/cplarosa/video/vconvert.htm

• http://www.pbs.org/opb/crashcourse/digital_v_analog/mpeg2.html