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FOSTERING PARENT-
CHILD RELATIONSHIP
THROUGH AESTHETIC
EDUCATION Pandora Lee
CULTURAL RESTRAINTS
Patriarchy and hierarchy are still the dominating norm
in the society (Chen, 2009; Hwang, 2009; Yang & Lu, 2004)
depresses children to express their opinions (Chen & Yi,
2006; Cheung and Chan 2002)
Chinese socialization contains training for obedience,
proper behavior, the importance and the acceptance of
social obligations
whereas independence, assertiveness and creativity
are not emphasized (Ho, 1986)
CHINESE PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP
Chinese custom endorses indirect communication,
which is perceived as a way to “save face” and avoid
shame and conflicts (Chen, 2009; Sullivan, 2005)
Emotion expressions can sometimes be considered as a
sign of weakness in Chinese society (Lin, 2001)
USING DIFFERENT FORMS OF ARTS IN
WORKING WITH PARENT-CHILD
RELATIONSHIP
Arts, such as music, art or dance/movement, can:
help to create a safe and supportive environment
serve as a powerful medium to bring the parent and
child together
facilitate spontaneous and genuine interactions
allow the parents to “communicate” with their children
in a new way
EXPRESSIVE ARTS FOR PARENT-CHILD
RELATIONSHIP
Expressive arts to work with mother-child relationship in
Chinese culture showed positive impacts
New perspectives examining their personal strengths and their
family situations (Lai, 2011)
Visual art helps to visualize and verbalize the family
situation
Drama forms a channel to express and perceive their family
issues in a safe, less-direct and less-threatening manner
Music activities such as singing games and improvisation
encourage new interaction models between parents and
children (Abad & Williams, 2007)
HOW EXPRESSIVE ARTS THERAPY BENEFITS
PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP
Creating arts together promotes different ways and strategies
for parent-child interactions (Lai, 2011)
Use of music - improved attachment, parenting skills and their
children’s social skills (Abad & Williams, 2007; Salkeld, 2008)
Balance the hierarchy in a parent-child relationship; parents can
adopt new skills and engage with their children in a more active role
(Pasiali, 2012; Riley & Malchiodi, 2003; Wadeson, 1980)
Dynamic change during the process is noted, particularly when
parents were not familiar with the arts activities and art
materials (Chen, 2009; Hwang, 2009; Sullivan, 2005)
the children get more freedom to express and in charge of the activity in
replacement of the parental commanding manner
REFERENCE
Abad, V., & Williams, K. E. (2007). Early intervention music therapy: Reporting on a 3-year
project to address needs with at-risk families. Music Therapy Perspectives, 25(1), 52-58.
Chen, P. H. (2009). A counseling model for self-relation coordination for Chinese clients with
interpersonal conflicts. The Counseling Psychologist, 37(7), 987-1009.
Chen, Y. H., & Yi, C. C. (2006). Wife's Decision-Making Power in a Chinese Context. Japanese
Journal of Family Sociology, 17(2), 110-123.
Cheung, G., & Chan, C. (2002). The Satir model and cultural sensitivity: A Hong Kong
reflection. Contemporary Family Therapy, 24, 199-215.
Ho, D. Y. (1986). Chinese patterns of socialization: A critical review.
Hwang, K. K. (2009). The development of indigenous counseling in contemporary Confucian
communities. The Counseling Psychologist, 37(7), 930-943.
Lin, Y. N. (2002). The application of cognitive-behavioral therapy to counseling Chinese.
American Journal of Psychotherapy, 56(1), 46.
REFERENCE
Pasiali, V. (2012). Supporting parent-child interactions: Music therapy as an intervention for
promoting mutually responsive orientation. Journal of music therapy, 49(3), 303-334.
Riley, S., & Malchiodi, C. A. (2003). Family art therapy. Handbook of art therapy, 362-374.
Salkeld, C. (2008). Music therapy after adoption. Music therapy with children and their families,
141-158.
Sullivan, P. L. (2005). Culture, divorce, and family mediation in Hong Kong. Family Court
Review, 43(1), 109-123.
Wadeson, H. (1980). Art psychotherapy. John Wiley& Sons
Yi, C. C., Chang, C. F., & Chang, Y. H. (2004). The intergenerational transmission of family
values: A comparison between teenagers and parents in Taiwan. Journal of Comparative Family
Studies, 523-545.
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