from ontology to wiki: automating generation of semantic wiki interfaces from given ontologies with...

From Ontology to Wiki Generating Cascadable Default Fresnel Style from Given Ontologies for Creating

Semantic Wiki Interfaces

Lloyd Rutledge

Summary• Input: Semantic Web ontology (data model)

• Output: Semantic wiki with form-based input

• Academic results– Mapping of abstract data modeling to interface

• Practical results

– Efficient quick setup of wiki interface for entering data for a given ontology

• Related topic areas

– Model-driven Development

– Ontology-alignment

– Style in Web technologies

3

Contribution

• Mapping from Semantic Web ontologies to default interface style

– Uses W3C technology Fresnel for Semantic Web interfaces

• Techniques for fine tuning default with additional Fresnel

• Mapping from Fresnel to form-based semantic wikis

– Fine tunable default style facilitates semantic wiki startup

– This Fresnel implementation adds facilitated data entry

• Implementation: OWL Wiki Forms (OWF)

– Open source MediaWiki extension

• Semantic MediaWiki extension• Infobox-like templates for data

browsing• Forms for data entry• Primitives for building ontology-based

interface

a

b

dbpedia:Tim_Berners-Lee rdf:type foaf:Person ; rdf:type dbpedia-owl:Person ; rdfs:label "Tim Berners-Lee"@en ; foaf:depiction http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Tim_Berners-

Lee_closeup.jpg ; foaf:name "Tim Berners-Lee"@en ; foaf:surname "Berners-Lee"@en ; foaf:homepage http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/ ; dbpedia-owl:title "Professor"@en ; dbpedia-owl:birthYear "1955-01-01T00:00:00+02:00"^^xs:gYear ; dbpedia-owl:almaMater dbpedia:The_Queen's_College,_Oxford ; dbpedia-owl:occupation dbpedia:Computer_scientist ; dbpedia-owl:birthName "Timothy John Berners-Lee"@en ; dbpedia-owl:residence dbpedia:Massachusetts ; dbpedia-owl:religion dbpedia:Unitarian_Universalism ; dbpprop:birthPlace "London, England"@en ; dbpprop:honorificSuffix "OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA"@en ; dbpprop:dateOfBirth "8"^^xs:int ; dbpprop:placeOfBirth "London, England"@en ; dbpprop:religion dbpedia:Unitarian_Universalism ; dbpprop:before "First recipient"@en ; dbpprop:nationality "British"@en ; dbpprop:birthDate 1955-06-08 ; dbpprop:title "Professor"@en ; dbpprop:title "Millennium Technology Prize winner"@en ; dbpprop:almaMater dbpedia:The_Queen's_College,_Oxford ; dbpprop:occupation dbpedia:Computer_scientist ; dbpprop:residence "Massachusetts, U.S."@en ;

c

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

• Specifies how an XML document should appear

– Mapping from XML to presentation display model

• Separation of style from content

– Reuse of one centralized style for multiple documents

• “Cascading” is layered building up of style from general to specific

• Default style sheets for HTML

– And SVG, MathML, etc.

– Thus default style for a given domain of XML

• Effectively a default stylesheet for XML

– How XML appears on a web browser

11

Model-driven development

informatiemodel

interface-specificatie

bedrijfs-regelsge

drag

gedr

ag

generatie

default interface-specificatie

informatie-model

Album

nrtitelaantal tracks

AlbumnrTitelAantal

i

Track

albumvolgnrtitelcomponist

AlbumVolgnrTitelComponistnaam

ii

1

*

from OU course T37121 Model-driven development workbook

Model-driven Development concepts

• Default/prototype system interface from data model (ontology)

• Whole system development driven by development of data model

– And feedback from default interface guide model development

– But Semantic Web has more reuse of existing ontologies

• Various ways of overriding or tailing default interface

– In OWF Wiki Forms:

• Cascading ontology

• Cascading Fresnel

• CSS

• Wiki templates at standard locations

http://dig.csail.mit.edu/2006/Talks/0724-fresnel/#%2814%29

Domain-independent default for browser (Longwell)

With (handmade) Fresnel style

Fresnel: RDF interface in RDF

• Specifies how RDF is display

• Separates style from content: like CSS for XML

• Also in RDF

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_lens

from http://www.w3.org/2005/04/fresnel-info/manual/

17

OWL Wiki Forms (OWF) architecture

Pagina 19

Generated default Fresnel code

:defaultLenshttpxmlnscomfoaf01Person rdf:type fresnel:Lens ; fresnel:classLensDomain foaf:Person  ; fresnel:showProperties

foaf:currentProject , foaf:familyName , foaf:family_name , foaf:firstName , foaf:geekcode , foaf:img , foaf:knows , foaf:lastName , foaf:myersBriggs , foaf:pastProject , foaf:plan , foaf:publications , foaf:schoolHomepage , foaf:surname , foaf:workInfoHomepage , foaf:workplaceHomepage .

Range-based autocompletion

Default view

{{Person|familyName=Berners-Lee|firstName=Tim|img=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/

Tim_Berners-Lee-Knight-crop.jpg|knows=Conway Berners-Lee, Mary Lee Woods

Cascade Fresnel to hide undesired properties

:defaultLenshttpxmlnscomfoaf01Person fresnel:hideProperties foaf:currentProject , foaf:family_name , foaf:geekcode , foaf:lastName , foaf:myersBriggs , foaf:pastProject , foaf:plan , foaf:publications , foaf:schoolHomepage , foaf:surname , foaf:workInfoHomepage , foaf:workplaceHomepage .

:imgFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ; fresnel:value fresnel:image  ; fresnel:propertyFormatDomain foaf:img .

Next steps

• Minimizing non-default style specification– Default for ontology through non-default style to target interface

– Evaluate as distance from default to target

• Standard sort?, “triple distance”?

– Most widely used ontologies and interface

• Non-default style layer– Namespace data

– Order of properties in boxes: via Fresnel

– CSS via Fresnel

• Cascading: Ontologies, CSS, Wiki templates

• Extend Fresnel for Semantic Forms interface components