gerunds and infinitives

I.F.D.C. SAN LUIS.

PROFESORADO DE INGLES.

AÑO 2014

ALUMNO: TOMAS MARIO COSTANZO

GRAMMAR I. GERUN DS

GERUNDS AS NON FINITE VERBS

“Nonfinite verbs” or “verbals” are verb forms which are not inflected by any grammatical Tense. Typically, in

English, nonfinite verbs are:

INFINITIVES PARTICIPLES GERUNDS

CONCEPT, CHARACTERISTICS AND USE

CONCEPT: A gerund is a verb form that appears in positions that are usually reserved for nouns.

CHARACTERISTICS: It ends in -ing. USE: Gerunds typically appear as a) subject

or b) object noun phrases, or even as c) the object of a preposition.

Example s with the verb solve: Solving problems is satisfying. I like solving problems. No one is better at solving problems.

FORMATION OF GERUND.

Formation

A gerund has four forms — two for the active voice and two for the passive:

ACTIVE FORM

PASSIVE FORM

ContinuousTense

LOVING BEING LOVED

Perfecttense

HAVING LOVED HAVING BEENLOVED

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES.

“INFINITIVE” is certain VERB FORM; It is the basic dictionary form of a verb when this verb is used non-finitely, with or without the particle “TO”.

Thus “to go” is an infinitive, as is go in a sentence like "I must go there" (but not in "I go there", where it is a FINITE VERB)

BARE AND FULL INFINITIVE: The form without to is called the bare infinitive, and the form with to is called the full infinitive or to-infinitive

Gerunds and Infinitives are nonfinite verbs,

Gerunds and infinitives are sometimes referred to as verb complements. They may function as subjects or objects in a sentence.

GERUND OR INFINITIVE???

A) Some verbs are directly followed by an infinitive (NOT A GERUND). Ex: Do you want to call your family now?

B) Some verbs are directly followed by a noun or pronoun and then by an infinitive:

I convinced Catherine to become vegetarian.

C) Some verbs can be followed by an infinitive or a gerund without causing a change in meaning:

Will you continue working after you give birth?

Will you continue to work after you give birth?

D) Some verbs can be followed by an infinitive or a gerund but with a change in meaning:

He stopped drinking coffee. (He never drank coffee again.)

He stopped to drink coffee. (He stopped what he was doing and drank some coffee.)

VERBS THAT CAN BE FOLLOWED BY A G. OR AN I. WITH CHAGE IN MEANING.

List of common verbs that can be followed by a gerund or infinitive but with a change in meaning

Forget (FORGET DOING (NOT =) FORGET TO DO

Remember (REMEMBER DOING / TO DO)

Stop (STOP DOING / TO DO)

FORGETREMEMBER

STOPPED

LOCKING THE DOORHAVING SEEN THE MAN

PLAYING CARDS

List of Common verbs which are followed by an infinitive:

care decide demand expect fail forget hope learn manage mean offer plan prepare pretend promise

NOT FOLLOWED BY A GERUND

THEY ARE FOLLOWED BY AN INFINIVITE.

CARE TO …. // DECIDE TO …. / DEMAND TO…// FAIL TO ….. / OFFER TO …

SOURCES

Bibliography from Grammar I Course IFDC.

Wikipedia.