global leadership program, g-20 and peacebuilding - development challenges in yemen

By

Adnan Qatinah

DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE IN YEMEN

December 05, 2013

Seoul, Korea

I. Some facts about Yemen

II. Development Challenges in Yemen

• High Population Growth Rates

• Poverty

• Unemployment

• Water Scarcity

III. Lessens learn from Korean experience

Our Agenda

Some facts about Yemen

Population (2012): 25,517,828

Annual population growth rate (%): 3.0

GDP (2012): $35.65 billion

GDP per capita (2012): $1,200

Area: 527,829 km2

Currency: Yemeni Rial (YER) ($1= 214 YER)

• Yemen has seen a number of economic, political and social changes over the past five decades. The most important of these were the revolution of September 1962 against the Imamate in North Yemen, and that of October 1973 against British colonial rule in South Yemen.

• The 1970s and 1980s involved periods of conflict between the North and the South.

• Yemeni society is characterized by tribalism, especially in the northern and eastern parts.

Some facts about Yemen

Some facts about Yemen

Regional and International factors, and national dialogue, which continued even during the fiercest phases of the conflict, led to the unification of Yemen in May 1990 and the creation of the Republic of Yemen.

II. Economic Challenges in Yemen

o High population growth rates;

o Poverty;

o Unemployment;

o Water scarcity.

Source: http://www.globalresearch.ca/articlePictures/protest-southYemen.jpg

1. Population in Yemen

Population in Yemen

Source: World Bank data (2012).

1970

1973

1976

1979

1982

1985

1988

1991

1994

1997

2000

2003

2006

2009

2012

-

5,000,000.0

10,000,000.0

15,000,000.0

20,000,000.0

25,000,000.0

30,000,000.0

Population

Source: 20 points: Editable-Yemen-Map-showing-population-density-for-PPT-Presentations-Editable-Yemen-PPT-map

Demographic transition

1970

1973

1976

1979

1982

1985

1988

1991

1994

1997

2000

2003

2006

2009

-

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

Fertility rate Death rateSource: World Bank data (2012).

Children per woman

Source: World Bank data (2012).

Demographic pyramid in Yemen

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, International Data Base

Source: http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/61895000/jpg/_61895314_yemen_shibam_g.jpg

2. Poverty in Yemen

Poverty in Yemen

Sours:

• Around 47 percent of Yemen

population lives under the poverty

line;

• Poverty reduction is a priority in

Yemen;

• Poverty in Yemen is closely linked

to economic growth rates and

developments in wealth distribution. Tunisia Jordan Algeria Egypt Yemen0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2.6 2

6.8

2

17.5

12.8

3.5

23.6

18.4

46.6

Population Below Income Poverty Line in 2012

$1.25 a day $2 a day

%

Source: http://gulfnews.com/polopoly_fs/1.1169480!/image/494564005.jpg_gen/derivatives/box_475/494564005.jpg

3. Unemployment

Unemployment in Yemen

Algeria Egypt Jordan Libya Morocco Syria Tunisia Yemen0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

10% 9%13%

30%

9% 9%

5%

35%

Unemployment rate (2012)

Source: UN Photo/Ian Steele Children helping an old woman fill her containers with water from a community pump in Yemen.

4. Water Scarcity

• Total Renewable Water Resources: 2,500Mm3

• Total Water Demand: 3,400Mm3

• Deficit: 900Mm3

• Ground water decline level: 1-7m per

year.

• The annual water share: 125m3 per

capita.

• Per capita availability of renewable resources is 133

m3; comparable figures are 7,500 (world) 1,250

MENA region.

Water Scarcity in Yemen

Source: UN Photo/Ian Women carried water in Yemen.

Water Scarcity in Yemen

Sourse: MCM/year; average climate change

III. Lessens learn from Korean experience• Political and economic stability and growth are coming first

• Strong leadership and institutions

• Providing universal primary education

• Strengthening vocational education at the secondary level.

• Encourage private sector to invest in education

• Match between educational development policies and national economic

development process

• Diversify the economy

• Have a good relationship and cooperation with the international community

• Redistribute and reduce inequity

• Invest more in the infrastructure

• ……