grm 2013: enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the sudano-sahelian zone of west africa...
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Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the
Backcross Nested Association Mapping (BCNAM) approach
Niaba Teme et al.2013 Start : July 2010 End : June 2014
Related GCP project G7010-05.01 GRM-LISBON 27-30 SEPT-2013
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SORGHUM STAT IN MALI
2
OBJECTIVES •Develop improved experimental material with enlarged genetic basis in an elites adapted background. •Phenotype improved materials in the target environments •Identify key genomic regions that accounts for phenotypic performance. •Initiate efficient molecular based breeding approaches •Enhance capacity of national breeding programs for wider use of germplasm diversity using molecular tools
3
COMPONENTS •Population development •Population phenotyping •Data Management and analysis • Capacity building
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POPULATION DEVELOPMENT
Figure 1 – parental lines crossing scheme for BC1 population development
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Figure 2 - Neighbor joining tree of the BCNAM parental lines using 1320 SNPs markers
POPULATION DEVELOPMENT
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POPULATION DEVELOPMENT-
Hand emasculation/ms3
Offseason seedling preparation
Figure 3 - BC1F3 Population development offseason at Sotuba station. flowering initiation by providing short day to plant with (white boxes)
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POPULATION DEVELOPMENT
Figure 4. Selection pressure at BC1F2 level, 2009 rainy season. Extreme Genotypes in maturity and height are discarded, 3 plants selfed , 1 maintained for BC1F3
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57 POPULATIONS 6300 FAMILIES-BC1F4
70-200 FAMILIES/POPULATION
EARLY PHENOTYPING
Cinzana
Sotuba
BAMAKO
TOMBOUCTOUGAO
MOPTIKAYES
SEGOU
SIKASSO Kolombada
Côte d’ivoire
Guinée
Sénégal
Mauritanie
Niger
Burkina Faso
Algérie
Figure 5. phenotyping sites
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EARLY PHENOTYPING-
Augmented Design- Each population randomized Two dates of planting- two-three weeks apart Sites: SB1, SB2, CZ1, CZ2 Families in sub block of 10 RP is check in eack sub block. Plot = 1 row of 4m Spacing: 0.75 m between row and 0.40 m between hill 10 hills/row 150 kg/ha DAP planting time 100 kg/ha urea at 30 and 45 days after emergence
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2150 FAMILIES
EARLY PHENOTYPING: > 50 TRAITS MEASURED
Figure 6. Early phenotyping, SB2-2012 11
Figure 7: Box plot of days to flag leaf ligulation-SB1
GR//SC566-14 GR//B35
GR//CSM63 GR//Framida
GR//E36-1 GR//IS23540 GR//Gadiaba
GR//Konotene GR//CSM417 GR//CSM388
GR//White Kaur GR//IS15401
GR//Fara KK//B35
KK//E36-1 KK//CSM417 KK//IS15401
KK//Fara
50 70 90 110 130
KK GR
Figure 8:Box plot of grain yield (kg/ha)-SB1
GR//SC566-14 GR//B35
GR//CSM63 GR//Framida
GR//E36-1 GR//IS23540 GR//Gadiaba
GR//Konotene GR//CSM417 GR//CSM388
GR//White Kaur GR//IS15401
GR//Fara KK//B35
KK//E36-1 KK//CSM417 KK//IS15401
KK//Fara
0 2000 4000 6000 8000
GR KK
EARLY PHENOTYPING
Maturity variation SB1 Grain yield variation SB1
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500100015002000250030003500400045005000550060006500700075008000
11
-1 IS
15
40
1//
GR
12
-1 L
ata
3//
GR
2-1
Fa
ra//
GR
20
-1 IS
23
54
0//
GR
31
-1 B
35
//G
R
35
-1 K
on
ote
ne
//G
R
36
-1 S
C5
66
-14
//G
R
37
-1 F
ram
ida
//G
R
38
-1 C
SM
41
7//
GR
39
-1 C
SM
63
//G
R
40
-1 C
SM
38
8//
GR
41
-1 G
ad
iab
a//
GR
42
-1 W
hit
e K
au
r//G
R
8-1
E3
6-1
//G
R
Gri
ka
n
SB1
Moyenne Maximum
Re
nd
em
en
t g
rain
kg
/ha
50010001500200025003000350040004500500055006000
11
-2 IS
15
40
1//
GR
2-2
Fa
ra//
GR
20
-2 IS
23
54
0//
GR
31
-2 B
35
//G
R
35
-2 K
on
ote
ne
//G
R
36
-2 S
C5
66
-14
//G
R
37
-2 F
ram
ida
//G
R
38
-2 C
SM
41
7//
GR
39
-2 C
SM
63
//G
R
40
-2 C
SM
38
8//
GR
41
-2 G
ad
iab
a//
GR
42
-2 W
hit
e K
au
r//G
R
8-2
E3
6-1
//G
R
Gri
nk
an
SB2
Moyenne Maximum
Re
nd
em
en
t g
rain
kg
/ha
GRAIN YIELD-SB1 GRAIN YIELD-SB2
EARLY PHENOTYPING
Figures 8: grain yield SB 2013 13
500100015002000250030003500400045005000550060006500
11
-3 IS
15
40
1//
GR
2-3
Fa
ra//
GR
20
-3 IS
23
54
0//
GR
31
-3 B
35
//G
R
35
-3 K
on
ote
ne
//G
R
36
-3 S
C5
66
-14
//G
R
37
-3 F
ram
ida
//G
R
38
-3 C
SM
41
7//
GR
39
-3 C
SM
63
//G
R
40
-3 C
SM
38
8//
GR
41
-3 G
ad
iab
a//
GR
42
-3 W
hit
e K
au
r//G
R
8-3
E3
6-1
//G
R
CS
M3
88
CZ1
Moyenne Maximum
Re
nd
em
en
t g
rain
kg
/ha
50010001500200025003000350040004500
11
-4 IS
15
40
1//
GR
2-4
Far
a//G
R
31
-4 B
35
//G
R
35
-4 K
on
ote
ne
//G
R
38
-4 C
SM4
17
//G
R
39
-4 C
SM6
3//
GR
40
-4 C
SM3
88
//G
R
41
-4 G
adia
ba/
/GR
42
-4 W
hit
e K
aur/
/GR
GR
CZ2
Moyenne Maximum
Re
nd
em
en
t gra
in k
g/h
a
EARLY PHENOTYPING
GRAIN YIELD-CZ1 GRAIN YIELD-CZ2
Figures 9: grain yield CZ-2013 14
EARLY YIELD TRIAL OF PROMISING BC1F5-2013
48 failies-BC1F4 Three sites: SB, CZ, FK Two rep Two row plot
Figure 10: BCNAM early yield trial-SB 15
CAPACITY BUILDING
•Training of 11 young Malians on IBP •2 PhD students in plant breeding •1 MSc in plant breeding •Trained more than 15 BSc in plant breeding and phenotyping •Irrigation infrastructure for year around plant breeding •Experimental land availability •Offices, weather stations and computers available •Seed storage facility is under construction
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EARLY ONCLUSION
•BC1F4 populations created important source of genetic diversity for the breeding programs. •Multi-site phenotyping is under way now and may continue in 2014 • Genotyping and QTL mapping are yet to be achieved.
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FUTURE
•Advancement of the BC1 population to F6-7- fund needed •Multilocal yield trial of promising families/lines •Seed increase- fund needed •Genotyping of BC1F3 families?? •Phenotypic data analysis of populations-fund need • Multi-allelic MARS scheme- Fund needed
•Dual purpose phenotyping- fund needed • Capacity building- human resources 18
THANK YOU MERCI
THANK YOU MERCI 19
Acknowledgments •GCP for the financial support and advice •IER and ICRISAT for research facilities •CIRAD for the scientific support and advice •All support staffs involved in the conduct, collect and analysis of field data
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