guide to half- and full-duplex rfid: lessons learned ... · • oregon rfid – warren leach...

Guide to Half- and Full-duplex RFid:Lessons Learned Tracking Bull Trout in the Upper

Willamette Since 2001

Vince TranquilliFish Research and Monitoring Program

Objectives

• What is new since 2001• Why we choose HDX• How to build antennas• Prepare for Demo in Park

Image by Warren Leach

23 mm long HDX tagNEW Prototype tag

Images by Warren Leach

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Juvenile Tagging Size

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Captive Rearing Program

Release tagged fish

• smaller size = less time in artificial environment

• earlier = when food is available

New Since 2001

• Smaller tag• Better tuning module

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TI-RFid

Oregon RFidAntenna Tuning

New Since 2001

• Prototype small tag• Better tuning module• Interactive data logger

Terminal Emulation

>up--------- upload start ---------01/07/2010 15:53:25.76 upload complete01/28/2010 14:57:16.99 supply power 18.5V01/28/2010 14:57:16.99 database file opened01/28/2010 14:57:20.46 reader startup detectedR 0000 0000000165707461 A0 01/28/2010 15:21:38.62 00:00:00.17 3 23421R 0000 0000000165707461 A0 01/28/2010 15:52:21.94 00:00:00.17 3 29634R 0000 0000000165707461 A0 01/28/2010 16:23:06.18 00:00:00.16 3 29657R 0000 0000000165707461 A0 01/28/2010 16:53:51.52 00:00:00.16 3 29671R 0000 0000000165707461 A0 01/28/2010 17:24:35.40 00:00:00.16 3 2965

New Since 2001

• Prototype small tag• Better tuning module• Interactive data logger• Prototype multiplexer

New Since 2001

• Prototype small tag• Better tuning module• Interactive data logger• Prototype multiplexer• System integrity check

Objectives

• What is new since 2001• Why we choose HDX

10 mi.20 km

• Cost-effective(readers/materials)

• Low power• Easy to use

- no effect water level- no effect vibrations

Why we choose HDX?

Bull trout• Long-lived species • Complex life history

Why we choose HDX?

2 mi.5 km

South Fork McKenzie River

Adult escapement?Repeat spawning frequency?Juvenile-to-adult survival?Juveniles downstream movement?When are fish entrained?Which route through the dam?If recovered below dam and we move them

back over the dam do they survive?When do fish leave the reservoir?What areas of the reservoir do they use?

2 mi.5 km

Upper Middle ForkWillamette River

Where are fish spawning?Site fidelity?Repeat spawning frequency?Where is mortality occurring?

Why we chose HDX?

• Antennas are simple to build• Build to meet site/project-

specific requirements• When it breaks we can fix it• Not overly invested in any one site

(low impact)

Chinook redd in antenna

Scale

• Swim-through antennas• Antennas for use in culverts• Larger antennas (Dam sites)• Fish attraction (Reservoirs)• Mobile antennas• Flat-plate antennas

How to build antennas

Max. depth~ 3.2 ft.

Up to 30’ long12 volt12 gauge wire

Stream-widthSwim-through

1 loop antennas

Max. depth~ 3.2 ft.

Up to 30’ long12 volt12 gauge wire

Stream-widthSwim-through

1 loop antennas

Larger antennas:18 volt

60’ x 3.2’80’ x 3’190’ x 18”

Stream Profile

Max. separation distance 1.1 m (depth)

Vector flow

Rock

Materials we no longer use

Culverts

1 –

1.5 m

3 loops8 gauge1 – 1.5 m diameter3 ¼” tube

72- 56”

48”

9’ x 9’2 loops12 gauge

2 loops12 gauge¾ - 1-¼” space6’ – 9’

10’ -15’

4.9’

Common Problem

Rebar in concrete reduces performance

Solution

Fish attraction (light, bait, habitat)Add video for untagged fish8 gauge speaker wireVariable size, # of loops, spacing

Fish Attractor Station

Fish Attraction Station

5 loops18 gauge wire

Mobile HDX antennas

Optimal Tag Orientation ( 90°)23 mm HDX = 56 cm12 mm FDX = 37 cm8.5 mm FDX = 20 cm

Mobile FDX/HDX System

Antenna orientation mattersMap detection field in cross-sectional view

Swim-thru vs. Swim-over antennas

45°90°

Tag orientation also matters

45°90° 0°

Tag orientation also matters

Swim-over antenna

6”

32”

Manipulate the geometry to improve performance

Swim-over antenna

Above HC Reservoir

24 – 32” read depth

12 – 16”

23 mm long HDX tag

Tagging Fish

Juveniles:> 100 mm in lengthbody cavity

Immature to Adult:> 270 mm in lengthdorsal sinus

23 mm long HDX tagFish > 27 cm fork length

• Tag orientation (angle)• Swim-through/flat plate/mobile• Tag speed relative to EM field size• Wire sizing and materials• Antenna tuning• Power requirements

Park Demo Concepts

Resources

• AFS - Bioengineering Sectiononline forum http://fishpass.org

• USGS - Manual compiled by Alex Harofor half-duplex systems

• ODFW – Antenna designsvince.tranquilli@state.or.us

• Oregon RFid – Warren Leachoregonrfid.com

References

• Zydlewski et al. 2001. J. Fish BiologyStationary and mobile half-duplex system

• Allen, Hart and Tranquilli. 2006. Marine Geology 232: 63-86Mobile half-duplex systems

• Bond et al. 2007. TransactionsLow-cost full and half-duplex system

• Gayle Zyldewski• Alex Haro (USGS)• Warren Leach (Oregon RFid)• USFS Willamette NF

Acknowledgements

Extra slides …

• Half-duplex• Half and full-duplex• Full-duplex

3 System Types

Allflex Panel Reader (full- and half-duplex tags)

FDX/HDX Reader

2’ x 10’ Antenna

Antenna

Power

Allflex System (full- and half-duplex tags)

Reader

1’

Narrow tuning range 31 jumper settings215 - 280 µH range

Need rigid frameTuning changes with water level

Data logger

20’

FDX/HDX System

FDX/HDX Antenna

2’ x 10’ Antenna7 wraps

2’

10’

FDX/HDX Antenna

2’ x 10’ Antenna7 wraps

2’ x 20’ Antenna9 wraps

2’

20’

2’ x 10’ Antenna7 wraps

2’ x 20’ Antenna9 wraps

5’ x 5’ Antenna6 wraps

FDX/HDX Antenna

5’

5’