guide to using excel 2003 for basic statistical applications to accompany business statistics: a...

Guide to Using Excel 2003 For Basic Statistical Applications

To AccompanyTo Accompany

Business Statistics: A Decision Making Approach, 7th Ed.

Chapter 2:Chapter 2:

Graphs, Charts and Tables - Describing Graphs, Charts and Tables - Describing Your DataYour Data

Groebner, Shannon, Fry, & SmithGroebner, Shannon, Fry, & SmithPrentice-Hall Publishing CompanyPrentice-Hall Publishing Company

Copyright, 2008Copyright, 2008

Chapter 2 Excel 2003 Examples Frequency Distributions -

Athletic Shoe Survey Histograms-

Capital Credit Union Joint Frequency Distributions-

Capital Credit Union Joint Relative Frequencies-

Capital Credit Union

More Examples

Chapter 2 Excel Examples (continued)Chapter 2 Excel Examples (continued)

Bar Charts-

Bach, Lombard & Wilson Line Charts-

McGregor Vineyards Scatter Diagrams-

Personal Computers

Frequency Distributions Athletic Shoe SurveyFrequency Distributions Athletic Shoe Survey

Issue: Issue:

Analyze the data from a survey of 100 Analyze the data from a survey of 100 college students regarding the number of Nike college students regarding the number of Nike shoes they own.shoes they own.

Objective: Objective:

Use Excel to develop a frequency Use Excel to develop a frequency distribution for the number of Nike shoes owned distribution for the number of Nike shoes owned by college students. Data File is by college students. Data File is SportShoes.xlsSportShoes.xls

Open the Excel file called SportShoes.xls

File contains 100 observations - Last row is 101 - Column E contains the Number of Nike Shoes Owned

Frequency Distributions-Athletic Shoe Survey

Enter Possible Number of Shoes Owned

Highlight range of cells to hold frequency counts

Click on

(function wizard)

Select Statistical option

Select Frequency function

Enter the cells containing the possible values for the variable

Last Step -- Press Ctrl -Shift - Enter

Don’t Press OK

Enter the cells containing the data

Resulting Frequency Counts

HistogramsCapital Credit UnionHistogramsCapital Credit Union

Issue: Issue:

Analyze credit card balances for Capital Analyze credit card balances for Capital Credit Union customers using a frequency Credit Union customers using a frequency distribution and histogram.distribution and histogram.

Use Excel to develop a frequency Use Excel to develop a frequency distribution and histogram for credit card distribution and histogram for credit card balances. Use ten class intervals. Data file is balances. Use ten class intervals. Data file is Capital.xlsCapital.xls

Open the Excel file called Capital.xls

File contains 300 observations - Last row is 301 - Column B contains the balances

Histograms-Capital Credit Union

Use Excel Max function to determine largest value

Use Excel Min function to determine largest value

Compute Class Width

Round Up to $150.00

139.410

99.001493.00 w

$90 to less than $240 $240 to less than $390 Class Intervals$390 to less than $540

etc….

Construct the Bins (the upper limit of each class.

Select Tools and Data Analysis

Select the Histogram option

Complete the Histogram Wizard - Note, check Chart Output. Placing output on a new worksheet is optional.

This is Excel’s Default Output. You need to make some modifications to make it acceptable for most applications.

Select the graph by clicking it. Note, the points on the graph boarder indicate it has been selected.

Enlarge Graph by dragging from lower right corner down and to the right.

Histograms should have no gaps between the bars!

Select the bars on the graph by clicking on any bar - then right click.

Click on Selected Object

Click on Options tab

Set Gap Width to 0 to close the gaps between the bars - click OK

Label the Graph Variable – Select the “Bin” Label and type desired label. Press the Enter key.

The legend is not needed. Select it and press the delete key

1. Enter Correct Group Labels

2. Select the horizontal axis line

3. Select Format Axis

Select Font and make desired changes.

Select Alignment and make desired changes.

Select the “More” row and press the Delete key

You can make other modifications to the histogram – color, labels, size, etc.

Joint Frequency Distributions Capital Credit UnionJoint Frequency Distributions Capital Credit Union

Issue: Issue:

Analyze the credit card balances by Analyze the credit card balances by gender of the card holder.gender of the card holder.

Use Excel to develop a joint frequency Use Excel to develop a joint frequency distribution for the credit card balances by distribution for the credit card balances by gender. Data File is gender. Data File is Capital.xlsCapital.xls

Open the Excel file called Capital.xls

File contains 300 observations - Last row is 301 - Column B contains the balances – Column C contains the gender codes

Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union

1. Place cursor in any data cell.

2. Select Data and Pivot Table and Pivot Chart Report

Click on Next

Make sure that the data range is correct and then click on Next

We recommend putting the pivot table on a new worksheet

Click Options

Select desired Options

Click Layout

Drag Balance to row and Gender to column.

To get frequency count, drag any variable to the Data area.

We want a frequency count, not a sum. Double click on column.

Select Count - Click OK

Click OK

Click Finish

Joint Frequency Distribution. However, we need to group the balance variable to gain information.

Place cursor in any balance cell. Then right click.

Select Group and Outline – then select Group

By: is the group width. Change to 150 – click on OK

Completed Joint Frequency Distribution

Use Excel to develop a Use Excel to develop a joint relative joint relative frequencyfrequency distribution for the credit card balances distribution for the credit card balances by gender. Data File is by gender. Data File is Capital.xls Capital.xls

Note: See Previous Example for Beginning Note: See Previous Example for Beginning Pivot Table Instructions.Pivot Table Instructions.

Joint Relative Frequencies Capital Credit Union

Place Cursor in any cell in the table – Right Click – select Pivot Table Wizard.

Joint Relative Frequencies-Capital Credit Union

Select Layout

Double Click on Data field

Click on Options

Click of % of Total in Show data as area – then OK

Click OK

Click Finish

Completed Joint Relative Frequency Distribution

Bar ChartsBach, Lombard, & Wilson

Issue: Issue:

An electronics company is being sued on An electronics company is being sued on the grounds that female new hires are paid less the grounds that female new hires are paid less than male new hires. The law firm needs to than male new hires. The law firm needs to analyze salary data to prepare the case.analyze salary data to prepare the case.

Use Excel to develop bar charts for the Use Excel to develop bar charts for the starting salary data for males and females. Data starting salary data for males and females. Data File is File is Bach.xlsBach.xls

Open the Excel file called Bach.xls

Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson

Select the data in Columns A-C.

Select Chart Wizard. Select Column Option

Define X-axis range (Years)

Remove Years Variable from Graph

Select Series tab

Enter labels for Groups

Series 2 = Males

Series 3 = Females

Enter Chart Titles and Make other desired format changes

Completed Bar Chart – Males have higher starting salaries each year.

Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard, & Wilson (continued)

Issue: Issue:

An electronics company is being sued on An electronics company is being sued on the grounds that female new hires are paid less the grounds that female new hires are paid less than male new hires. The law firm needs to than male new hires. The law firm needs to analyze salary data to prepare the case.analyze salary data to prepare the case.

Use Excel to develop bar chart for the Use Excel to develop bar chart for the average starting salary of males and females average starting salary of males and females hired with and without MBA’shired with and without MBA’s. Data File is . Data File is Bach.xlsBach.xls

Select Data from Columns G - J

Click on Chart Wizard.

Select Bar option

Enter Chart Titles and Make other desired format changes

To Modify Colors, Select the bars, Right Click – Choose Selected Object, then Click Options, Select Vary Colors by Point

To Show the data values on the bars, select Data Labels – click Show value.

Completed Bar Chart – Females with MBA’s paid higher than males on Average

Line Charts- McGregor VineyardsLine Charts- McGregor Vineyards

Issue: Issue:

Analyze the sales and profits data over Analyze the sales and profits data over time.time.

Use Excel to develop line charts for Use Excel to develop line charts for weekly sales and profits. Data File is weekly sales and profits. Data File is McGregor.xlsMcGregor.xls

Open the Excel file called McGregor.xls

File contains 20 weeks of historical data - last row is 21

Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards

Highlight the variable (Sales) to graphed.

Click on Chart Wizard

Select Line chart type and desired sub-type – then click on Next

Click on Series Tab – Enter data range containing the X-axis labels – then Next

Add Titles –remove legend, etc.

Determine location for graph.

Optionally, to remove/change background color, select the graph – right click – select Format Plot Area

To remove background, set Boarder and Area to None

Finished Line Chart for Sales – Now repeat the process for the Profit Variable.

Completed - Two individual line graphs.

Next, graph both variables on the one line graph

Highlight both variables – click on the Chart Wizard

Select Line chart type and desired sub-type – then click on Next

Click on Series Tab – Enter data range containing the X-axis labels – then Next

Add Titles –remove grid-lines, etc.

Determine location for graph.

Completed Line chart with two variables graphed - Notice the scale problem.

We need to develop a line chart with two vertical scales

Select the chart – right click – select Chart Type

Click on Custom Types – then select Lines on 2 Axis – click OK

Completed Line graph – Need to add labels

Select entire chart – right click – select Chart Options

Add Titles

Completed Line Chart with Two Variables and Two Axes.

Scatter Diagrams- Personal ComputersScatter Diagrams- Personal Computers

Issue: Issue:

Analyze the relationship between PC sales Analyze the relationship between PC sales price and the processing speed of the PCprice and the processing speed of the PC

Use Excel to develop a scatter diagram for Use Excel to develop a scatter diagram for PC price and speed. Data File is PC price and speed. Data File is Personal Personal Computers.xlsComputers.xls

Open the Excel file called Personal Computers.xls

File contains data for 13 PC’s

Scatter Diagrams- Personal Computers

Highlight the data making sure to include the variables to be graphed.

Click on the Chart Wizard and then select XY (Scatter) the Next

Click Next

Enter Titles, remove grid lines and legend – then click on Next

Specify Location for the Graph – then click Next

Completed Scatter Diagram

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