guide to using excel 2003 for basic statistical applications to accompany business statistics: a...
TRANSCRIPT
Guide to Using Excel 2003 For Basic Statistical Applications
Guide to Using Excel 2003 For Basic Statistical Applications
To AccompanyTo Accompany
Business Statistics: A Decision Making Approach, 7th Ed.
Chapter 2:Chapter 2:
Graphs, Charts and Tables - Describing Graphs, Charts and Tables - Describing Your DataYour Data
ByBy
Groebner, Shannon, Fry, & SmithGroebner, Shannon, Fry, & SmithPrentice-Hall Publishing CompanyPrentice-Hall Publishing Company
Copyright, 2008Copyright, 2008
Chapter 2 Excel 2003 Examples Frequency Distributions -
Athletic Shoe Survey Histograms-
Capital Credit Union Joint Frequency Distributions-
Capital Credit Union Joint Relative Frequencies-
Capital Credit Union
More Examples
Chapter 2 Excel Examples (continued)Chapter 2 Excel Examples (continued)
Bar Charts-
Bach, Lombard & Wilson Line Charts-
McGregor Vineyards Scatter Diagrams-
Personal Computers
Frequency Distributions Athletic Shoe SurveyFrequency Distributions Athletic Shoe Survey
Issue: Issue:
Analyze the data from a survey of 100 Analyze the data from a survey of 100 college students regarding the number of Nike college students regarding the number of Nike shoes they own.shoes they own.
Objective: Objective:
Use Excel to develop a frequency Use Excel to develop a frequency distribution for the number of Nike shoes owned distribution for the number of Nike shoes owned by college students. Data File is by college students. Data File is SportShoes.xlsSportShoes.xls
Open the Excel file called SportShoes.xls
File contains 100 observations - Last row is 101 - Column E contains the Number of Nike Shoes Owned
Frequency Distributions-Athletic Shoe Survey
Enter Possible Number of Shoes Owned
Frequency Distributions-Athletic Shoe Survey
Highlight range of cells to hold frequency counts
Frequency Distributions-Athletic Shoe Survey
Click on
(function wizard)
Select Statistical option
Select Frequency function
Frequency Distributions-Athletic Shoe Survey
Enter the cells containing the possible values for the variable
Last Step -- Press Ctrl -Shift - Enter
Don’t Press OK
Frequency Distributions-Athletic Shoe Survey
Enter the cells containing the data
Resulting Frequency Counts
Frequency Distributions-Athletic Shoe Survey
HistogramsCapital Credit UnionHistogramsCapital Credit Union
Issue: Issue:
Analyze credit card balances for Capital Analyze credit card balances for Capital Credit Union customers using a frequency Credit Union customers using a frequency distribution and histogram.distribution and histogram.
Objective: Objective:
Use Excel to develop a frequency Use Excel to develop a frequency distribution and histogram for credit card distribution and histogram for credit card balances. Use ten class intervals. Data file is balances. Use ten class intervals. Data file is Capital.xlsCapital.xls
Open the Excel file called Capital.xls
File contains 300 observations - Last row is 301 - Column B contains the balances
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Use Excel Max function to determine largest value
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Use Excel Min function to determine largest value
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Compute Class Width
Round Up to $150.00
139.410
99.001493.00 w
$90 to less than $240 $240 to less than $390 Class Intervals$390 to less than $540
etc….
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Construct the Bins (the upper limit of each class.
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Select Tools and Data Analysis
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Select the Histogram option
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Complete the Histogram Wizard - Note, check Chart Output. Placing output on a new worksheet is optional.
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
This is Excel’s Default Output. You need to make some modifications to make it acceptable for most applications.
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Select the graph by clicking it. Note, the points on the graph boarder indicate it has been selected.
Enlarge Graph by dragging from lower right corner down and to the right.
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Histograms should have no gaps between the bars!
Select the bars on the graph by clicking on any bar - then right click.
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Click on Selected Object
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Click on Options tab
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Set Gap Width to 0 to close the gaps between the bars - click OK
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Label the Graph Variable – Select the “Bin” Label and type desired label. Press the Enter key.
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
The legend is not needed. Select it and press the delete key
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
1. Enter Correct Group Labels
2. Select the horizontal axis line
3. Select Format Axis
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Select Font and make desired changes.
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Select Alignment and make desired changes.
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Select the “More” row and press the Delete key
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
You can make other modifications to the histogram – color, labels, size, etc.
Histograms-Capital Credit Union
Joint Frequency Distributions Capital Credit UnionJoint Frequency Distributions Capital Credit Union
Issue: Issue:
Analyze the credit card balances by Analyze the credit card balances by gender of the card holder.gender of the card holder.
Objective: Objective:
Use Excel to develop a joint frequency Use Excel to develop a joint frequency distribution for the credit card balances by distribution for the credit card balances by gender. Data File is gender. Data File is Capital.xlsCapital.xls
Open the Excel file called Capital.xls
File contains 300 observations - Last row is 301 - Column B contains the balances – Column C contains the gender codes
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
1. Place cursor in any data cell.
2. Select Data and Pivot Table and Pivot Chart Report
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Click on Next
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Make sure that the data range is correct and then click on Next
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
We recommend putting the pivot table on a new worksheet
Click Options
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Select desired Options
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Click Layout
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Drag Balance to row and Gender to column.
To get frequency count, drag any variable to the Data area.
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
We want a frequency count, not a sum. Double click on column.
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Select Count - Click OK
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Click OK
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Click Finish
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Joint Frequency Distribution. However, we need to group the balance variable to gain information.
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Place cursor in any balance cell. Then right click.
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Select Group and Outline – then select Group
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
By: is the group width. Change to 150 – click on OK
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Completed Joint Frequency Distribution
Joint Frequency Distributions-Capital Credit Union
Objective: Objective:
Use Excel to develop a Use Excel to develop a joint relative joint relative frequencyfrequency distribution for the credit card balances distribution for the credit card balances by gender. Data File is by gender. Data File is Capital.xls Capital.xls
Note: See Previous Example for Beginning Note: See Previous Example for Beginning Pivot Table Instructions.Pivot Table Instructions.
Joint Relative Frequencies Capital Credit Union
Place Cursor in any cell in the table – Right Click – select Pivot Table Wizard.
Joint Relative Frequencies-Capital Credit Union
Select Layout
Joint Relative Frequencies-Capital Credit Union
Double Click on Data field
Joint Relative Frequencies-Capital Credit Union
Click on Options
Joint Relative Frequencies-Capital Credit Union
Click of % of Total in Show data as area – then OK
Joint Relative Frequencies-Capital Credit Union
Click OK
Joint Relative Frequencies-Capital Credit Union
Click Finish
Joint Relative Frequencies-Capital Credit Union
Completed Joint Relative Frequency Distribution
Joint Relative Frequencies-Capital Credit Union
Bar ChartsBach, Lombard, & Wilson
Bar ChartsBach, Lombard, & Wilson
Issue: Issue:
An electronics company is being sued on An electronics company is being sued on the grounds that female new hires are paid less the grounds that female new hires are paid less than male new hires. The law firm needs to than male new hires. The law firm needs to analyze salary data to prepare the case.analyze salary data to prepare the case.
Objective: Objective:
Use Excel to develop bar charts for the Use Excel to develop bar charts for the starting salary data for males and females. Data starting salary data for males and females. Data File is File is Bach.xlsBach.xls
Open the Excel file called Bach.xls
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
Select the data in Columns A-C.
Select Chart Wizard. Select Column Option
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
Define X-axis range (Years)
Remove Years Variable from Graph
Select Series tab
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
Enter labels for Groups
Series 2 = Males
Series 3 = Females
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
Enter Chart Titles and Make other desired format changes
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
Completed Bar Chart – Males have higher starting salaries each year.
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard, & Wilson (continued)
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard, & Wilson (continued)
Issue: Issue:
An electronics company is being sued on An electronics company is being sued on the grounds that female new hires are paid less the grounds that female new hires are paid less than male new hires. The law firm needs to than male new hires. The law firm needs to analyze salary data to prepare the case.analyze salary data to prepare the case.
Objective: Objective:
Use Excel to develop bar chart for the Use Excel to develop bar chart for the average starting salary of males and females average starting salary of males and females hired with and without MBA’shired with and without MBA’s. Data File is . Data File is Bach.xlsBach.xls
Select Data from Columns G - J
Click on Chart Wizard.
Select Bar option
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
Enter Chart Titles and Make other desired format changes
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
To Modify Colors, Select the bars, Right Click – Choose Selected Object, then Click Options, Select Vary Colors by Point
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
To Show the data values on the bars, select Data Labels – click Show value.
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
Completed Bar Chart – Females with MBA’s paid higher than males on Average
Bar Charts-Bach, Lombard & Wilson
Line Charts- McGregor VineyardsLine Charts- McGregor Vineyards
Issue: Issue:
Analyze the sales and profits data over Analyze the sales and profits data over time.time.
Objective: Objective:
Use Excel to develop line charts for Use Excel to develop line charts for weekly sales and profits. Data File is weekly sales and profits. Data File is McGregor.xlsMcGregor.xls
Open the Excel file called McGregor.xls
File contains 20 weeks of historical data - last row is 21
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Highlight the variable (Sales) to graphed.
Click on Chart Wizard
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Select Line chart type and desired sub-type – then click on Next
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Click on Series Tab – Enter data range containing the X-axis labels – then Next
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Add Titles –remove legend, etc.
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Determine location for graph.
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Optionally, to remove/change background color, select the graph – right click – select Format Plot Area
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
To remove background, set Boarder and Area to None
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Finished Line Chart for Sales – Now repeat the process for the Profit Variable.
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Completed - Two individual line graphs.
Next, graph both variables on the one line graph
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Highlight both variables – click on the Chart Wizard
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Select Line chart type and desired sub-type – then click on Next
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Click on Series Tab – Enter data range containing the X-axis labels – then Next
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Add Titles –remove grid-lines, etc.
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Determine location for graph.
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Completed Line chart with two variables graphed - Notice the scale problem.
We need to develop a line chart with two vertical scales
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Select the chart – right click – select Chart Type
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Click on Custom Types – then select Lines on 2 Axis – click OK
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Completed Line graph – Need to add labels
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Select entire chart – right click – select Chart Options
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Add Titles
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Completed Line Chart with Two Variables and Two Axes.
Line Charts-McGregor Vineyards
Scatter Diagrams- Personal ComputersScatter Diagrams- Personal Computers
Issue: Issue:
Analyze the relationship between PC sales Analyze the relationship between PC sales price and the processing speed of the PCprice and the processing speed of the PC
Objective: Objective:
Use Excel to develop a scatter diagram for Use Excel to develop a scatter diagram for PC price and speed. Data File is PC price and speed. Data File is Personal Personal Computers.xlsComputers.xls
Open the Excel file called Personal Computers.xls
File contains data for 13 PC’s
Scatter Diagrams- Personal Computers
Scatter Diagrams- Personal Computers
Highlight the data making sure to include the variables to be graphed.
Click on the Chart Wizard and then select XY (Scatter) the Next
Scatter Diagrams- Personal Computers
Click Next
Scatter Diagrams- Personal Computers
Enter Titles, remove grid lines and legend – then click on Next
Scatter Diagrams- Personal Computers
Specify Location for the Graph – then click Next
Scatter Diagrams- Personal Computers
Completed Scatter Diagram
Scatter Diagrams- Personal Computers