immigration and urbanization ppt
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Immigration and Cities
Italian immigrants in 1905
Immigration
• “Old” Immigrants• “New” Immigrants• Reasons for
Immigration– Push– Pull
• Process of Immigration
Immigrants disembark at Ellis Island, New York in 1911.
Immigration
• “Old” Immigrants• “New” Immigrants• Reasons for
Immigration– Push– Pull
• Process of Immigration
Immigrants disembark at Ellis Island, New York in 1911.
Urban Growth
• Growth of Cities– US Population
• 23 Million (1860)• 92 Million (1910)
• Internal Migration• Lure of Cities
New York, 1905
City Pop. Increases1860 1910
• New York 1,174,800 4,766,900 305%• Chicago 109,200 2,185,300 1900%• Philadelphia 562,500 1,549,000 300%• St. Louis 160,800 687,000• Boston 177,800 670,600• Cleveland 43,400 560,600 1190%• Baltimore 212,400 558,500• Pittsburgh 77,900 533,900• Detroit 45,600 465,700• Buffalo 81,100 423,700
Reactions and Responses• Desire to Assimilate• Nativism• Immigration Restriction
League • American Protective
Association
Life in the Cities
®
Statue of Liberty, 1876(Frederic Auguste Bartholdi)Statue of Liberty, 1876(Frederic Auguste Bartholdi)
John A. Roebling:The Brooklyn Bridge,
1883
John A. Roebling:The Brooklyn Bridge,
1883
Dumbell TenementDumbell
Tenement
Tenement Slum Living
Tenement Slum Living
Immigrant Families @ work
Immigrant Families @ work
Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”
Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”
Moving out of the tenements
William “Boss” Tweed
• Filling the void
Controlling the Tammany HallDemocratic Political Machine
The New UrbanWorking Class
• Transportation
• Pollution
• Housing
Mulberry Street in New York City about 1900.
Dumbell TenementDumbell
Tenement
Jacob Riis photograph of “Street Arabs”, children who roamed the tenement district of New York City.
Beginnings of Reform
• Settlement houses• Social Gospel born• Temperance• Compulsory education laws• Colleges (remember Morrill?)
Mass entertainment
• Why now?• Spectator Sports• Vaudeville Shows• Movies• Amusement Parks
Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, c. 1907
Café and Vaudeville Stage - Coney Island, 1905
Coney Island, 1903
Education
• Why rise in amount of education?– Needs of industry– Rise of mandatory education law
• Women• African Americans
The End
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