informs - boca

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INFORMS - Boca

Design Strategies for Opaque and All-Optical DWDM Networks

ByGiray Birkan (SMU)

Eli Olinick (SMU)Augustyn Ortynski (Nortel)Gheorghe Spiride (Nortel)

Jeff Kennington (SMU)

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New Ideas

1. Considers Polarization Mode Dispersion2. Considers Uneven Hut Spacing3. Considers a Cost Function With Detailed

Equipment Types (amplifiers, regenerators, multiplexers etc.)

4. Considers 1+1 Protection5. Considers 1+N Protection6. Considers Moving Regenerators To Nodes

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Assume The Fiber Exist And Determine The Equipment Needed To Light It

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A

Legend

Denotes an amplifier

Denotes a regenerator

A

TE

MUX

OXC A A A

TE

OXC

DMUX

A A A

DMUX

MUX

( 20 ג - 1ג )

1ג

20ג

hut 1 hut 2hut 3

hut 4

Origin Node Destination Node

A Simple Link With Amplification and Regeneration for 20 Wavelengths

( 20 ג - 1ג )

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Optical Reach = 150 kmMax Spans = 4

Link Budget

MaxSpans

Link

Budget

MaxSpans

LinkBudget

MaxSpans

162 1 130 9 114 17

158 2 128 10 112 18

154 3 126 11 110 19

150 4 124 12 108 20

146 5 122 13 106 21

142 6 120 14 104 22

138 7 118 15 102 23

134 8 116 16 100 24Amplify in at most 150, Regen after at most 3 Amps

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AOrigin Node

Destination Node

A A A

150km150km 150km 150km 150km 150km

segment

A Link Architecture that Satisfies the Rule for a Link Budget of 150 km.

segment

span span span

link

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(DPMD1)2(d1) + (DPMD2)2(d2) + (DPMD3)2(d3) < K

Origin NodeO/E/O

conversion

Destination NodeO/E/O

conversion

d1 km

segment

Intermediate node 1

no O/E/Oconversion

d2 km d3 km

Intermediate node 2

no O/E/Oconversionfiber type 1 fiber type 2 fiber type 3

DPMD1 DPMD2 DPMD3

Polarization Mode Dispersion(DPMD2)(dist) < K

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Amplification Requirements using a Link Budget of 120

Origin NodeO/E/O

conversion

Destination NodeO/E/O

conversion

62 km 64 km

Amplification AmplificationGlassthrough

55 km 73 km

119 km

span span span

Link and segment

hut 1 hut 2 hut 3

Unequal Hut Spacing

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The DWDM Design Problem

Given the network topology with known hut locations, the point-to-point demands with known routings, and DPMD values associated with each span, determine the choice of an optimum link budget for each link and least cost equipment

configuration to satisfy the point-to-point demands and polarization mode dispersion

restrictions.

Extensions involve protection and network availability.

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The Two Design Strategies

Opaque Design – O/E/O Conversion At Every Node

All Optical Design – O/E/O Conversion Only When Required

{Link Budget and or PMD Determines O/E/O Conversion}

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Origin NodeWith Amplification

hut 0

Destination Node

With Amplificationhut n+1

{ d1 } { dn }{ d2 }

hut nhut 2hut 1

{ 0 } { dn+1 }

Sink

{ -∑i di }{demand}

{supply}

yo

y1y2

yn

yn+1

Hut Selection Network Model

x0 x1 x2 x3

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Opaque Design – Decomposes On Links

For each Link Budget, solve the IP to determine the

huts where equipment will be located. Then determine the equipment configuration that must be placed in the huts. Calculate the link cost and save the best.

This requires solving (24)(|E|) small IPs – no big problem.

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All-Optical Design

Using the same huts, determine equipment for each o-d pair. That is, go as far as possible before regeneration. Then determine the equipment cost.

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Node1

53

2 64

112 112 76 75 75 75 25

100 100 100 100 30 120 120 30

100

90

80

70

60

120

120

120

40

65

65

65

65

65

55

hut 1 hut 2 hut 13 hut 14 hut 15

hut 29

hut 28

hut 27

hut 26

hut 4 hut 5 hut 6 hut 7

hut 9

hut 10

hut 11

hut 17 hut 18

hut 20

hut 21

hut 22

hut 23

hut 24

distance

Example Network

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Equipment Cost

Equipment WavelengthsCost/Unit

TE 1 75R 1 130A 1 – 20 100A 21 – 40 150A 41 – 80 200MUX/DMUX 1 – 20 120MUX/DMUX 21 – 40 180MUX/DMUX 41 – 80 240

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Demands For Example

Demand Demand WavelengthsRouting

Pair (o,d) In λs

(1,5) 35 1-35 1-3-5(1,6) 40 36-75 1-3-5-6(6,3) 30 76-105 6-4-3(2,5) 25 106-130 2-4-3-5(2,3) 70 131-200 2-1-3

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1

2

3

4 6

5

Demand Routings

1 11 35 1 1

1 35

5 51 70

5 51 70

4 41 25

4 41 25

3 31 30

3 31 30

2 21 40 2 2

1 40 2 2

1 40

4 41 25

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215 TEs

Node 1

300 TEs

Node 3

95 TEs

Node 2

70 TEs

Node 6

110 TEs

Node 4

140 TEs

Node 5

70 λ s

25 λ s 30 λ s

55 λ s

145 λ s 100 λ s

40 λ s

The Opaque Network Design (930TEs, 37As, 18 MUX/DMUX, Total Cost =

79,920)

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2 21 40

A

A

A

80

80

80

TELocal Ports

A

Local Ports

A

A

A

80

20

Local Ports

A

A

40

80

40

TE

TENode 1 Node 2

Node 3 Node 4

TE TE

TE

OXC

80

80

80

TE TETE

TE

OXC

TE TE

40

80

A

OXC

Opaque Network Design for Nodes 1 - 4

A

A

A

5 51 70 5 5

1 70

5 51 70

5 56 70

1 11 35

5 51 5

TE

2 21 40

1 11 35

OXC

4 41 25 5 5

1 70

5 51 70

4 41 25

3 31 30 5 5

1 70

4 46 25

1 11 35

4 41 5

2 21 40

1 11 35 2 2

1 40 4 41 25

5 56 70

3 31 30 4 4

1 25

1 11 35 2 2

1 40 5 5

1 5

3 31 30 4 4

1 25

3 31 30

3 31 30

4 41 25

4 41 25

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Figure 14. US Test Network

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Test Problems

Number Seed Demand Ave Total Pairs # Hops Demand

1 920 100 3.80 40532 378 100 3.92 43273 092 100 4.04 4028

18 816 250 3.81 904519 972 250 3.93 907220 680 250 4.01 9540

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Empirical Analysis

Prob Time Opaque All-OpticalIn CPLEX Cost Time Time Cost Reduction

1 22 sec 2.96M 279 sec 4 sec32%

2 16 3.22M 209 333%

5 22 2.94M 273 4 34%8 16 4.52M 313 5 33%11 16 5.67M 251 5 33%14 23 5.95M 346 7 32%17 16 7.19M 273 6 33%20 23 sec 7.05M 380 sec 9 sec 32%

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TX5

DC1

GA1

GA2

GA3

IL1

TX1

TX4

CD3

WA1

CD1

CD4

MO1

KS1

OH1

WY1

NE1

NY3

IL2

NC1

IN1

NY1

NY2

IL3

OR1

CA5

CA2

CA3

UT1

CA4

CA1

NV1CO1

TX2

TX3

CD2

North American Network

16% Cost Savings

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1

2

3

4 6

5

Working and Protection Routings For 1+1 Dedicated Protection

Not used

Working

Protection

Unavailability73 Min/Year

Cost $43,120

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1

2

3

4 6

5

Working and Protection Routings For 1+2 Dedicated Protection

Not used

Working

Protection #1

Protection #2

Unavailability9.2 Min/Year

Cost $ 65,720

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1

2

3

4 6

5

Working and Protection Routings For 1+3 Dedicated Protection

Not used

Working

Protection #1

Protection #2

Protection #3 (Leased)

Unavailability8.3 Min/Year

Owned $65,720 +Leased $14,663=Total $80,383

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1

2

3

4 6

5

Working and Protection Routings For 1+4 Dedicated Protection

Not used

Working

Protection #1

Protection #2

Protection #3 (Leased)

Protection #4 (Leased)

Unavailability8.3 Min/Year

Owned $65,720 +Leased $31,925 =Total $97,645