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The Internet and World Wide
Web: E-commerce
Infrastructure
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 21
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The Internet
The Internetis a worldwide collection of networks
that links millions of businesses, government
agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 22Page 74
Figure 2-1
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Evolution of the Internet
The Internet was first developed by the Advanced
Research Projects Agency (ARPA) and the U.S.
Department of Defense(DoD) for scientific and
military communications and to avoid the loss of
communication in the event of any single
installation being inaccessible due to war or
natural disasters.
3Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
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4
Myths About the Internet
Myth 1: The Internet isfree
Most people and
businesses pay for Internetaccess
Free services are often in
exchange for providing
contact information orviewing advertisements
Fee-based content is
growing
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Myths About the Internet
Myth 2: Someone controls the Internet
No single entity controls the Internet
Governments can somewhat regulate Internet use within its
country but difficult to control it well Myth 3: The Internet and World Wide Web are identical
www & internet is two separate concepts. Web or WWW is the
fastest growing part of the internet. Its most important feature
is website. Internet is the network of many networks. It is a global
network linking tens of thousands of networks & millions of
individual users, businesses, schools & Government agencies.
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Evolution of the Internet
Each organization is responsible only for
maintaining its own network
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees
research and sets guidelines and standards
Internet2 connects more than 200 universities
and 115 companies via a high-speed private
network
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 26Page 76
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Type of Connection and Internet Access
Many home and small business users connect to
the Internet via high-speed broadband Internet
service
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 27Page 76
CableInternet
service
DSL Dial UpFixed
wireless
CellularRadio
Network
Wi-Fi
SatelliteInternet
Service
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Type of Connection and Internet Access
Dial up Connection
ISDN
DSL
Cable
Wireless Internet Connection
Satellite
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Dial Up Connection (Analog)
Using a modem connected to your PC
PC has to dial a number provided by ISP via a phone line to connect
Slower, but cheaper
Ties up phone lines
Quality is not good
Dial-up is an analog connection because data is sent over an
analog, public telephone network. The modem converts received
analog data to digital and vise versa.
Typical Dial-up connection speeds range from 2400 bps to 56 Kbps.
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What is Broadband?
Broadband Internet access, often shortened to
just "broadband", is a high data rate connection
to the internet
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Cable Cable connections are considered one of the best types
of internet connection available to the home user, theyoffer very fast and reliable connections with a fixed
monthly fee.
The broadband cable connection is provided by the local
cable TV provider. Because the coaxial cable used by cable TV provides
much greater bandwidth than telephone lines, a cable
modem can be used to achieve extremely fast access.
Cable speeds range from 512 Kbps to 20 Mbps. Because cable connections areAlways onyou will need a
firewall and antivirus to protect your PC
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DSL
DSL (Digital subscriber line)is also called an always on connection
DSL is provided by the telephone company over your existing
copper wire. With DSL, you can get both voice and data over the
same pair of wires.
DSL service is a technology for bringing high-bandwidth broadband
internet service to homes and small businesses over ordinary
copper telephone lines
There is no need to dial-in to your ISP as DSL is always on.
With DSL service all you need to do is plug your PC into your DSL
modem and then from your modem to your normal telephone jack
DSL Speed - 28Kbps1.5Mbps
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Satellite
The slowest broadband service is provided by
satellite.
Although this is a good replacement for dial-up
for those people living in remote rural areas, the
installation costs are quite high, but the ongoing
monthly charges are competitive to both cable
and DSL. Slower and more expensive that cable or DSL
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Wireless Connection
Fixed wireless: Wireless Internet, or
wireless broadband is one of the newest Internet
connection types, uses radio frequency bands and towers
for internet connection. Wireless Internet provides an always-on connection
which can be accessed from anywhere as long as you
geographically within a network coverage area.
Hotspot: Public wireless networks
Both free and fee-based are available
Currently Wi-Fi so short range, but WiMAX may soon be an
option14
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Hotspots
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The Internet Community Today
Most members of the Internet community fall into one ormore of the following groups
Users: People who use the Internet
Internet service providers (ISPs): Provide access to the Internet,
typically for a fee
An access provideris a business that provides individuals
and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
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The Internet Community Today
An access provideris a business that provides individuals
and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 217Page 77
Figure 2-2
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The Internet Community Today
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 218Page 78
ISP(Internetserviceprovider)
Regional ISPs provide Internet access to a specific
geographical area
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The World Wide Web
The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwidecollection of electronic documents (Web pages)
Can contain text, graphics, sound, video, and built-inconnections
A Web siteis a collection of related Web pages andassociated items
A Web serveris a computer that delivers requested Webpages to your computer
Web 2.0refers to Web sites that provide a means for usersto interact
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML):standard pagedescription language for Web pages
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 219Pages 80 - 81
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The World Wide Web
A Web browser, or browser, allows users to
access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 220Page 81
InternetExplorer
Firefox Opera
Safari GoogleChrome
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The World Wide Web
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 221Page 81
Figure 2-6
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The World Wide Web
A home page is the first
page that a Web site
displays
Web pages provide linksto
other related Web pages
Surfing the Web
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 222Pages 82 - 83
Figure 2-7
Some Web pages are
designed specifically for
microbrowsers
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The World Wide Web
A Web page has a unique address called a URLor
Web address
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 223Pages 8283
Figure 2-8
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The World Wide Web
An IP addressis a number that uniquely identifies each
computer or device connected to the Internet
A domain nameis the text version of an IP address
Top-level domain (TLD)
A DNS servertranslates the domain name into its
associated IP address
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 224Pages 7980
Figure 2-4
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Evolution of the Internet
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 225Page 80
Figure 2-5
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Web Servers and Web Clients
Web server software:
Enables a computer to deliver Web pages written inHTML or XML to clients on network that request thisservice by sending an HTTP request
Basic capabilities: Hosting web pages, Securityservices, FTP, etc
Term Web server also used to refer to
physical computer that runs Web server
software
Web client: Any computing device attachedto the Internet that is capable of making HTTPrequests and displaying HTML pages
Slide 3-4
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The World Wide Web
What is downloading?
The process of a computer receiving information
Depending upon connection speed, downloading can take
from a few seconds to several minutes
Uploading: is the process of transferring a file from localcomputer to remote computer over network.
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The World Wide Web
Tabbed browsingallows you to open and view multiple
Web pages in a single Web browser window
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 229Page 84
Figure 2-9
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The World Wide Web
Two types of search tools are search engines and
subject directories (http://dir.yahoo.com/)
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 230Page 85
Searchengine
Finds informationrelated to a
specific topic
Subjectdirectory
Classifies Webpages in an
organized set ofcategories
http://dir.yahoo.com/http://dir.yahoo.com/ -
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The World Wide Web
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 231Page 85
Figure 2-10
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The World Wide Web
A search engine is helpful in locating items such as:
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 232Page 85
Images Videos Audio Publications
MapsPeople or
Businesses Blogs
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The World Wide Web
There are thirteen types of Web sites
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 233Pages 8891
Figure 2-15
Portal News Informational Business/Marketing
Blog Wiki Online SocialNetwork
Educational
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The World Wide Web
Entertainment Advocacy Web Application
ContentAggregator
Personal
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 234Pages 9192
Figure 2-15
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The World Wide Web
Multimediarefers to any application that
combines text with:
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 235Page 92
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The World Wide Web
A graphicis a digital
representation of
nontext information
Graphic formats includeBMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG,
and TIFF
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 236Page 93
Figure 2-17
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The World Wide Web
A thumbnail is a small
version of a larger
graphic
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 237Page 94
Figure 2-19
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The World Wide Web
Animationis the appearance of motion created
by displaying a series of still images in sequence
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 238Page 94
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The World Wide Web
Audioincludes music, speech, or any other sound
Compressed to reduce file size
You listen to audio on your computer using a player
Streamingis the process of transferring data in acontinuous and even flow
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 239Pages 9495
Figure 2-20
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The World Wide Web
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 240Page 95
Figure 2-21
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The World Wide Web
Videoconsists of images displayed in motion
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 241Page 96
Figure 2-22
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The World Wide Web
A plug-inis a program that extends the capability
of a Web browser
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 242Page 97
Figure 2-24
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The World Wide Web
Web publishingis the development and
maintenance of Web pages
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 243Page 98
Plan aWeb site
Analyzeand
design aWeb site
Create aWeb site
Deploy aWeb site
Maintaina Web
site
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E-Commerce
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 45Pages 98 - 99
E-commerce
Business-to-
consumer(B2C)
Consumer-to-
consumer(C2C)
Business-to-
business(B2B)
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E-Commerce
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 46Page 99Figure 2-25
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Other Internet Services
E-mailis the
transmission of
messages and files via a
computer network An e-mail program
allows you to create,
send, receive, forward,
store, print, and deletee-mail messages
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 47Page 101Figure 2-26
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Other Internet Services
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 48Page 102Figure 2-27
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Other Internet Services
A mailing listis a group of e-mail names and addresses
given a single name
Subscribingadds your e-mail name and address
Unsubscribingremoves your name
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 49Page 103Figure 2-28
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Other Internet Services
Instant messaging (IM) is a real-timeInternet
communications service
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 50Page 104Figure 2-29
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Other Internet Services
A chatis a real-time
typed conversation that
takes place on a
computer A chat roomis a
location on an Internet
server that permits
users to chat with eachother
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 51Page 105Figure 2-30
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Other Internet Services
VoIP(Voice over IP)
enables users to speak
to other users over the
Internet Also called Internet
telephony
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 52Page 106Figure 2-31
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Other Internet Services
A newsgroupis an
online area in which
users have written
discussions about aparticular subject
Typically requires a
newsreader
A message boardis aWeb-based type of
discussion group
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 53Page 107Figure 2-32
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Netiquette
Netiquetteis the code of acceptable Internet
behavior
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 54Page 108Figure 2-33
Be ond Bro sing and E Mail
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Beyond Browsing and E-Mail
Many other activities available via the
Internet in addition to Web browsing and e-mail
Online communications
Social networking Online shopping and investing
Online entertainment
Online news, reference, and information
Online education and writing
top related