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What does a balanced diet provide the body with?

All the essential elements and compounds

Name the 4 major elements of the human body.

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

Are the elements present in the diet as free elements or as

compounds.?

Compounds

Name the three essential compounds provided

by our food?

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins

How much of our body weight is made up of water?

More than 60%

What do mineral supply us with?

Trace elements

What are the trace elements ?

Elements needed in small quantities

Name two trace elements and say what each one

is needed for.

Calcium - bones and teeth

Iron - blood

Why is it dangerous to take trace elements in large quantities?

They are toxic

What does the body use carbohydrates for?

Energy

Name the three elements present in a carbohydrate.

Carbon, hydrogen

and oxygen

Name the two groups of carbohydrates.

Sugars and starches

Which sugar is table sugar?

Sucrose

Name four sugars.

Fructose, glucose, maltose and sucrose

What is the test for starch?

Iodine solution turns black

What colour does Benedict’s solution turn if a sugar is present.

From blue to brick red

Which sugar cannot be detected with Benedict’s solution?

Sucrose

Are sugars made from small or large molecules?

Small molecules

What size of molecule is starch?

A large molecule-polymer

What do plants convert glucose into for storing energy?

Starch

What happens to starch during digestion?

Broken down into glucose

What happens to glucose after it is produced during digestion?

It is carried by the blood to body cells where respiration

takes place.

Name two substances which can break down starch.

Enzymes and acid.

At what temperature do body enzymes work best at?

370C - body temperature

What happens to body enzymes at high temperatures?

They are destroyed

Which group of carbohydrates are sweet tasting and dissolve in water?

Sugars

What are carbohydrates made by?

Plants

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