interview question and answers

Interview Question and Answers

1. What is Computer?

A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or "data." It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data. You can use a computer to type documents, send email, and browse the internet. You can also use it to handle spreadsheets, accounting, database management, presentations, games, and more.

2. What is Network?

Two or more computer connected with each other called as network

3. What is LAN?

Local Area Network is a computer network connecting computers within a small geographic area such as a single building or a group of buildings.

4. IP Class Ranges?

Class A 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254Class B 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254Class C 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255Class E 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254

5. What is Loopback Address?

127.0.0.1 Through 127.255.255.254 will be looped back.

6. What is APIPA?

When a DHCP server fails, APIPA allocates IP addresses in the private range 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254. Clients verify their address is unique on the network using ARP. When the DHCP server is again able to service requests, clients update their addresses automatically.

7. What is blue screen of death (BSOD) & how solve?

The Blue Screen of Death is an error screen displayed by operating systems after a crash, these errors can be caused by both hardware and software issues, and it can be difficult to troubleshoot the problem.

Useful Tips for Dealing with BSODs

Use System Restore Scan for Malware Install Updated Drivers Boot Into Safe Mode Check for Hardware Problems Reinstall Windows

8. What is Power on Self-Test (POST)

Power-on self-test is a process performed by firmware or software routines immediately after many digital electronic devices are powered on.

9. What is Northbridge and Southbridge?

NorthbridgeThe high-speed part of a common chipset architecture in a computer. The Northbridge is the controller that interconnects the CPU to memory via the front side bus (FSB). It also connects peripherals via high-speed channels such as AGP and PCI Express.

RAMAGP busPCI Express busBuilt-in display Adapter

SouthbridgeThe Southbridge controller handles the remaining I/O, including the PCI bus, parallel and Serial ATA drives (IDE), USB, FireWire, serial and parallel ports and audio ports.

ATA (IDE) DrivesUSB busFireWire busSerial portParallel portBuilt-in audio

10. What is SAN?

A storage area network (SAN) is a dedicated network that provides access to consolidated, block level data storage. SANs are primarily used to enhance storage devices.

11. What is NAS?

Network-attached storage (NAS) is a dedicated hard disk storage device that is set up with its own network address and provides file-based data storage services to other devices on the network.

12. What is Basic input output system (BIOS)?

A set of computer instructions in firmware which control input and output operations.

13. What is Kernel?

In computing, the kernel is a computer program that manages input/output requests from software and translates them into data processing instructions for the central processing unit and other electronic components of a computer. The kernel is a fundamental part of a modern computer's operating system.

14. What is NTLDR?

NTLDR is boot loader in windows operating system

15. Difference between Windows XP, 7, 8?

Windows XP and Windows 7

There are lots of difference between the Windows XP and the Windows 7. Here are some of the differences listed below

• The shutdown and the startup is very fast in Windows 7 when compared to the Windows XP

• There are not much graphical components present in the Windows XP but Windows 7 provides good Graphical User Interface (GUI).

• In windows 7 there is no necessity for the drivers to be installed but in Windows XP it is necessary to install drivers.

• The Kernel of Windows 7 is very good when compared to the Windows XP.

• User defined themes can be implemented in Windows 7 but in Windows XP themes cannot be created by the user.

• The Windows defender in Windows 7 provides maximum security to the operating system but in Windows XP this feature is not available.

Windows 7 and Windows 8

No Start Button – Metro UI Simpler Task Manager Improvements to Copy, Move, Rename and Delete The New Windows Explorer Fast Startup Mode Reengineered Boot Experience Sign in using Windows Live ID Refresh/Reset Your PC Scaling for Different Screen Sizes

16. What is Master Boot Record (MBR)?

The master boot record on a hard drive contains the necessary computer code to start the boot process.

17. What is POP, IMAP, Exchange (Active Sync)?

POP: When using POP3 (Post Office Protocol, version 3), all of the messages are downloaded from the mail server and saved locally into the computer or device.

IMAP: With an Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) account, you have access to mail folders on the mail server, and you can save and process mail without downloading it to the computer that you are working on. Thus, you can use a different computer to read your messages wherever you are

Exchange: Microsoft Exchange ActiveSync (commonly known as EAS) is a protocol designed for the synchronization of email, contacts, calendar, tasks, and notes from a messaging server to a smartphone or other mobile device. (No port Number are available)