introduction all living organisms share the following characteristics growth reproduction movement...
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Introduction
All living organisms share the following characteristics
•
• Growth
• Reproduction
• Movement
• Metabolism
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Responsiveness
Anatomy & Physiology Sciences
Anatomists study:• Internal and external structure
• Physical relationships among body parts
Physiologists study:• How organisms perform vital
functions
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Anatomy & Physiology Sciences
Gross anatomy• “Naked eye” anatomy• Surface anatomy• Regional anatomy• Sectional anatomy
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Anatomy & Physiology Sciences
Microscopic anatomy• Cytology: study of individual cells• Histology: study of tissues
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Anatomy & Physiology Sciences
Human physiology:
Study of human body function• Cell physiology
• Special physiology
• System physiology
• Pathological physiology
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Levels of Organization
Life is built on successive levels of increasing complexity:
• Chemical (or Molecular)
• Cellular
• Tissue
• Organ
• Organ System
• Organism
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
OrganismLevel
Integumentary
SkeletalMuscular
NervousEndocrine
CardiovascularLymphatic
RespiratoryDigestive
Urinary
Reproductive
OrganLevel
Theheart
Cardiacmuscletissue
Tissue Level(Chapter 4)
Cellular Level(Chapter 3)
Heartmuscle
cell
Protein filaments
Complex proteinmolecule
Atoms incombination
Chemical orMolecular Level
(Chapter 2)
OrganSystem Level
(Chapters 5–20)
Figure 1-1 1 of 7
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Complex proteinmolecule
Atoms incombination
Chemical orMolecular Level
(Chapter 2)
Figure 1-1 2 of 7
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Cellular Level(Chapter 3)
Heartmuscle
cell
Protein filaments
Complex proteinmolecule
Atoms incombination
Chemical orMolecular Level
(Chapter 2)
Figure 1-1 3 of 7
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Cardiacmuscletissue
Tissue Level(Chapter 4)
Cellular Level(Chapter 3)
Heartmuscle
cell
Protein filaments
Complex proteinmolecule
Atoms incombination
Chemical orMolecular Level
(Chapter 2)
Figure 1-1 4 of 7
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Cardiovascular
OrganLevel
Theheart
Cardiacmuscletissue
Tissue Level(Chapter 4)
Cellular Level(Chapter 3)
Heartmuscle
cell
Protein filaments
Complex proteinmolecule
Atoms incombination
Chemical orMolecular Level
(Chapter 2)
OrganSystem Level
(Chapters 5–20)
Figure 1-1 5 of 7
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Integumentary
SkeletalMuscular
NervousEndocrine
CardiovascularLymphatic
RespiratoryDigestive
Urinary
Reproductive
OrganLevel
Theheart
Cardiacmuscletissue
Tissue Level(Chapter 4)
Cellular Level(Chapter 3)
Heartmuscle
cell
Protein filaments
Complex proteinmolecule
Atoms incombination
Chemical orMolecular Level
(Chapter 2)
OrganSystem Level
(Chapters 5–20)
Figure 1-1 6 of 7
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Integumentary
SkeletalMuscular
NervousEndocrine
CardiovascularLymphatic
RespiratoryDigestive
Urinary
Reproductive
OrganLevel
Theheart
Cardiacmuscletissue
Tissue Level(Chapter 4)
Cellular Level(Chapter 3)
Heartmuscle
cell
Protein filaments
Complex proteinmolecule
Atoms incombination
Chemical orMolecular Level
(Chapter 2)
OrganismLevel
OrganSystem Level
(Chapters 5–20)
Figure 1-1 7 of 7
Overview of Organ Systems
The human body is arranged in 11 organ systems:
• Integumentary• Skeletal• Muscular• Nervous• Endocrine
• Cardiovascular• Lymphatic• Respiratory• Digestive• Urinary• Reproductive
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Introduction to Organ Systems
Key Note
The body can be divided into 11 organ systems,
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
but all work together and the boundaries between them aren’t absolute
The Integumentary System
Figure 1-2(a)
The Skeletal System
Figure 1-2(b)
The Muscular System
Figure 1-2(c)
The Nervous System
Figure 1-2(d)
The Endocrine System
Figure 1-2(e)
The Cardiovascular System
Figure 1-2(f)
The Lymphatic System
Figure 1-2(g)
The Respiratory System
Figure 1-2(h)
The Digestive System
Figure 1-2(i)
The Urinary System
Figure 1-2(j)
Male Reproductive System
Figure 1-2(k)
Female Reproductive System
Figure 1-2(l)
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