introduction to waste management systems jpnapip-apec.maff.go.jp/ja/policies/upload/...introduction...
Post on 09-Jul-2019
217 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction to Waste Management Systems in Japan
Toyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi University of Technology
Department of Environmental and Life ScienceDepartment of Environmental and Life ScienceDepartment of Environmental and Life ScienceDepartment of Environmental and Life Science
Aichi, JAPANAichi, JAPANAichi, JAPANAichi, JAPAN
Hiroyuki DaimonHiroyuki DaimonHiroyuki DaimonHiroyuki Daimon
daimon@ens.tut.ac.jp
Biomass Town Training in JapanBiomass Town Training in JapanBiomass Town Training in JapanBiomass Town Training in Japan 2011201120112011....2222....28@28@28@28@GlobizGlobizGlobizGlobiz, Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo
●●●●Supercritical TechnologySupercritical TechnologySupercritical TechnologySupercritical Technology
●●●●Development and Assessment of Recycling TechnologyDevelopment and Assessment of Recycling TechnologyDevelopment and Assessment of Recycling TechnologyDevelopment and Assessment of Recycling Technology
●●●●Biomass Town and Eco TownBiomass Town and Eco TownBiomass Town and Eco TownBiomass Town and Eco Town
●●●●Biomass Utilization in IndonesiaBiomass Utilization in IndonesiaBiomass Utilization in IndonesiaBiomass Utilization in Indonesia
Waste Management Concept in JAPANWaste Management Concept in JAPAN
Waste management:CollectionTransportProcessingRecyclingDisposal
Reduce the negative impacts waste has on environment and society.
Reduce the negative impacts waste has on environment and society.
Methods of Waste Management:
Disposal Methods
• Incineration
• Land fills
Recycling Methods
• Biological reprocessing (C and M)
• Energy recovery
i) Pyrolysis
ii) Gasification
Waste Classification:Industrial � Enterprise is responsible for
treating it.
Municipal � Municipalities are responsible for management
Attention!!!
Biomass M
Biomass I
Efficiency?
Food waste (I and M), Leaf and Wood (I)Sludge (I and M jokaso)
Recycling -oriented Society
Transformation into a Recycling-oriented Society:•Reduction of natural resource
consumption and waste generation
•Minimization of environmental risks in the process of waste treatment
Transformation into a Recycling-oriented Society:•Reduction of natural resource
consumption and waste generation
•Minimization of environmental risks in the process of waste treatment
Waste Management Hierarchy under the Fundamental Law:1. Source reduction or waste prevention2. Re-use3. Recycling4. Energy recovery5. Appropriate disposal
Waste Management Hierarchy under the Fundamental Law:1. Source reduction or waste prevention2. Re-use3. Recycling4. Energy recovery5. Appropriate disposal
General Law Concerning the Dissemination of the 3R
� Reduce the generation of sub-
products in the production process.
� Adopt Zero Emission measures;
Collection and recycling of used
products.
� Reduce the generation of sub-
products in the production process.
� Adopt Zero Emission measures;
Collection and recycling of used
products.
Considering Recycling (Cascade Utilization)
Amount
Quality((((Separation ))))
High value materialNote) Factor in
●●●●Organic and inorganic●●●●Location●●●●Scale●●●●Social status●●●●Self-sufficient ・・・・
Recycling society●●●●Oil price●●●●Low carbon society●●●●Others ・・・・・・・・・・・・
※※※※Image
High
Low
Few A lot
Fuel
Human food
Horizontal use ・・・・Composite
Pet food
Feed
Compost ・・・・ Fertilizer
Building material
a.Plantation・・・・Forestry●●●●Development of high performance forestry machines introduced●●●●rediscovery of non - timber forest products●●●●Plantation conversion
e.e.e.e.Agriculture Engineering
●●●●Cellulose feed ●●●●Bark compost
a.Biofuela.Biofuela.Biofuela.Biofuel productionproductionproductionproduction●●●●Bioethanol from wood
c.c.c.c.Hydrothermal treatment of waste
●●●●Methane fermentation ●●●●Burning
●●●●Hydrogen fermentation
Forest resource base in Aichi and
creation of a recycling society
【【【【1111】】】】 BiomassAdvanced technology available
「「「「Natural Wisdom」」」」alive
Activation of primary industry, environmental and mountains protection
「「「「Natural Wisdom」」」」alive
Activation of primary industry, environmental and mountains protection
【【【【2】】】】Next generation tool for forest management and forestry support
d.d.d.d.MixedMixedMixedMixed combustioncombustioncombustioncombustion●●●●CO
2emissions ●●●●Mixed catalyst
a. a. a. a. Evaluation of environment and biodiversity●●●●CO2absorbtion ・・・・fixation ●●●● Landslide prevention ●●●●Water conservation ●●●●shoreline ・・・・
beach sands ・・・・fishery conservation●●●●Biodiversity conservation
b.b.b.b.Economic system
evaluation
●●●●CDM national practice●●●●Eco-economy
c.Infrastucturec.Infrastucturec.Infrastucturec.Infrastucture and network formationand network formationand network formationand network formation●●●●Core of various group ●●●●Information dispatch base ●●●●Entire summary
Low-carbon society through cooperation in different fields and industries
【【【【3333】】】】 Evaluation of sustainable society base on forest
Com
plex regional resource recovery plan(2) Effective utilization development of unused bio mass resources
b.Forestry activity●●●●Human resources . Employment●●●●Recreation and ecotourism●●●●Business Development Citizen Participation
●●●●Fiber ●●●●Plastic ●●●●New material
b.Biorefineryb.Biorefineryb.Biorefineryb.Biorefinery
Effect of material properties and liquid introduced to methane fermentation on liquid fertilizer utilization >>>>>>>>>>>> Biomass town concept
Abandoned farmland
Sorghum cultivationSorghum cultivation
A large number of cow manure
Manure 10~~~~30kg/day/cowUrine 6~~~~20kg/day/cow
Livestock feed
Methane fermentation
✔✔✔✔Wastewater treatment costs
Digested wastewater Problem
Chita Biomass utilization project year 2010
Used as liquid
fertilizer
Milk
cow
Food wasteEthanol
production
✔✔✔✔ Manure surplus✔✔✔✔ Odor problem✔✔✔✔ Water
contamination ????
Chita Hantou Goichigo region fiscal year 2011Livestock, Bio-oil,Bamboo and pruning branches,Sludge and garbage, Bank group
Sewage treatment
Methane fermentation
Fertilizer
Fuel conversion
Purification
Drying
Carbonization
★Discharge
★Power★Car fuel★Pretreatment
fuel
★Home garden★Phosphorus
recovery
★Municipal wasteIncinerator
Treated water
Biogas
High fertilizer
Carbonized fuel
Wastewater
A waste-based business
Human wasteSeptic tank sludge
Volume reduction
Pruned branches
Center for biomass compound utilization and waste wat er treatment (My plan)
○Domestic waste project
○Industrial waste
○Households garbage
○Pruning branches and grass
○Septic tank sewage sludge
○Sewage sludge
Plastic waste
Biomass
Survey ・・・・Social research
Carbonization
Pretreatment ・・・・Bio-gasification
Drying of liquid feed
Compost ・・・・Fertilizer conversion (drying)
Pig
Power ・・・・Truck fuel
FertilizerField
Carbonized fuel
Fuel material
Sewage plant
Digested waste
Biogas
Compost
Cleaning
Waste heat utilization
First precipitated sludge
Waste sludge
Recycling Center
Utilization of biomass from sewage sludge to produce high quality fertilizer
Composting
Material recycle
Fuel conversion
Dry feed conversion
Crop farmers
Dry feed
The resource conversion center which utilizes incinerato r exhaust heat
Org
anic
sou
rces
Plastic waste washing machine
Hot water(Hot
fermentation)
High
Low Fra
ctio
nal p
reci
sion
Liquid feed
2010.8.2
Steam
Cattle farm
Energy Plant((((Incenerator ))))
Food retailing
Fish company
Restaurant
Farm houseAerobic system
or
Vacuum dry process Fracture
bag separation
Difficulty of use
Warm water ultrasonic washing system
Cow manure
Compost
Agricultural plastic waste type
Resource recovery recycle support data base
○○○○ Effect of separation emitted by factories (reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increase recycling rate) presented i n a number○○○○Construction support of food recycling loop ○○○○Production conditions Recycling Technology, a compo nent of
a product display
Quality Management○○○○Regular analysis of compost and manure nutrients
ingredients in feed○○○○Simple and accurate quality check of the compost by
microbial community structure analysis
Container and packaging plastic waste
Agricultural residu
Pig feed :☆:☆:☆:☆Solid content ①①①① for, Moisture ③③③③ intake★★★★Variety of subjects. But ….
High-quality organic resources liquid feeding conversio n by hydrothermal reaction cycle
Establishing an Environmental Recycling-based Socie ty research Project FY 2007 - 2009
Dry Feed Dry feed from liquid feed
By professionalLiquid feedFermentation feed
An organic resource recycling1Liquid Feedorganic resource recycling2Liquid FeedEco-Feed
Hydrothermal reaction
High quality liquid feed conversion
(Less than 200 oC)
Dry feed
Total available ・Recycling society ・Local production for local consumption ・
Increased self-sufficiency ・Only one technology ・Japan meat
Material1
Material2
Material3
Existing Technology
(such as lactic acid fermentation)
Technology apply(Hydrothermal
treatment)
…
�Validation hydrothermal advantage�High value-added liquid feed �Network construction and FS
investigation
【【【【Purpose of this study 】】】】
Object
Expanding the scope of the material
Material1
Material2
Material3
Material4
Material5
① Reduce processing costsDrying after-treatment is unnecessary Decrease of manure discharge quantity
② Quality Improvement of FeedImprove meat qualityImproved feed efficiencyShortening Fattening period Disease decrease (sinusitis)Odor abatement
~Expected social effects ~
① Construction of a recycling society
Effective waste utilization
Promotion of the Food Recycling system
Livestock manure emissions reduction
② Activation of domestic pig industry
Improvement of food self-sufficiency
Food Manufacturing Brands
③ Creation of innovation
Regional revitalization
Development of eco-life
Innovation and expected social benefit ~Purpose~~Promising technological innovation~
~Technological innovation by hydrothermal reaction~
★ Expansion of raw material★ Improvement of digestion
and absorption ★ Effective use of phosphorus ★ Sterilization effect ★ Quality stabilization ★ Feed conversion for cow
Construction of energyrecycling
Oil Palm
Crude Palm Oil
POME
More efficient anaerobic digestion process
Palm oil factory
CH4
Energy
Ener
gyE
missions
Trea
tmen
t
Products
Material
Liquid fertilizer
High concentrations
of water
Research Overview
Biogas
2/12
Production: World No. 1
Palm oil production process
Palm oil((((1ton))))Palm oil((((1ton))))
Oily water separatorOily water separator
Fruit Seed
SteamSteam
Crushing, GrindingCrushing, Grinding
ClarificationClarification
Drying, purificationDrying, purification
Fruit removalFruit removal
CPO※※※※((((0.22t))))CPO※※※※((((0.22t))))
POME((((0.84m3))))
POME((((0.84m3))))
※CPO:Crude Palm Oil
Emission at high temperature
TS (mg/L)
CODCr (mg/L)36000
44000
2/12
Summary (in JAPAN?)
� Out put � Amount and Quality� Material and Energy Balance� Complex System� Cooperation� Sustainability ・・・・ Flexibility�Waste Treatment Enterprise� Purpose
top related