irish immigration into england
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Irish Immigration
into England
Liverpool ……………………………….. 22.3% Irish born
Dundee ……………………………........ 18.9 % Irish born
Glasgow .............................................. 18.2 % Irish born
Manchester and Salford ...................... 13.1 % Irish born
Paisley ………………………………….. 12.7 % Irish born
Bradford ……………………………........ 8.9 % Irish born
London …………................................... 4.6 % Irish born
1851 Census
The Immigration Routes
1. Southern Route from South Leinster was London via Bristol, and from Munster to London via Cork, Waterford and Dublin.
2. The Midland Route from Connaught, went to the Midlands of England, and most of Leinster via Dublin to the Midland of England.
3. The Northern Route from Ulster and North Connaught usually ended up in Scotland
DUNMORE
DROGHEDA
CORK
SLIGO
DUNDALK
WEXFORD WATERFORD
DUBLIN
HOWTH
KINGTOWN
WARRENPOINTNEWRY
LONDONDERRY LARNE
BELFAST
PORTRUSH
DONAGHADEE
Services Across the Irish Sea in 1846
Glasgow 1
Fleetwood 1Liverpool 2Ardrossan 2Glasgow 2
Liverpool 3Glasgow ½
Portpatrick 7
Liverpool 1Bristol 2
Liverpool 1
Bristol2Liverpool2London1Glasgow1Greenock1
Bristol 2Liverpool 7Douglas & Whitehaven 1London, Plymouth etc. 2
Liverpool 5 - 7
Liverpool 3
Liverpool 1Glasgow 2Ardrossan 2
Ardrossan 7Fleetwood 4Glasgow 7Greenock 3Liverpool 3London 1Stranraer 1Whitehaven 1Carlisle ½
Liverpool
14Holyhead
7
Liverpool 1
N
Numbers indicate sailings per week
The main documents are:-
1. Indemnity Certificates of Settlement given to the pauper by his own parish.
2. The Examination of the paupers by the Churchwardens etc. This will list his or her family, children, recent moves, employment, addresses, marital status and where they came from. Very useful documents.
3. Removal orders – issued after the Examination.
4. The Quarter Sessions Records of Appeal.
5. Vestry Minutes and Accounts of the Overseers and the Parish Constable.
The Poor Law Returns Dating From 1662
Surrey Record - William Ash
Cardiff - 1856
Outdoor Relief Indoor Relief
John O'Neill (1778-1858)
Through sixty winters I avow.
Their snows, as yet, ne’ver blanched my brow.
And through with numerous ills beset
I never was unhappy yet:
In sickness, poverty, and pain
I did my peace of mind maintain.
Mid cankering care and worldly strife
Hope lit me through the voyage of life -
And with God’s blessing, I’ll hold fast.
My soul’s sheet anchor to the last.
John O'Neill (aged 64)Irish Poet, Writer and Shoemaker
MAP OF ST GILESST GILES “THE HOLY LAND”
An Irish Rookery
An Irish Rookery in Camden, Central London, circa 1850 – 1860(note the Irish names on the shops)
Charitable and Benevolent Societies
1. Charitable and Benevolent Societies
2. Friendly and Benefit Societies
3. Accident and Burial Societies
4. Radical and Political Societies (such as The Chartists)
5. Trade Unions
Thomas Murphy
Thomas Murphy
Irish coal merchant and St Pancras vestryman.
Dedicated himself to the ratepayers of St. Pancras in the cause of
Parochial Reform.
The Albert Memorial
The Albert Memorial in Hyde Park, London, by John Henry Foley & Thomas Brock
John Henry Foley
John Henry Foley1818 – 1874
Irish Sculptor
Responsible for Prince Albert on the
Albert Memorial and for Asia
The Memorial Statue of Albert
The Albert Memorial “Asia” Model
Foley is said to have died of a chill caught by sitting too long on the wet clay of Asia’s lap while modelling her breasts
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