it’s about to get real… british empire: 1750-1763

IT’S ABOUT TO GET REAL…

British Empire: 1750-1763

King George’s War (don’t copy)

Britain and France are still frenemiesAustria changes allegiance to FrancePrussia allies with EnglandResult: tension-filled peace

1750-1754

Ohio Valley is in demand Virginia Pennsylvania France Iroquois Confederacy (six tribes

now) Native Americans who live

there

1750-1754 (cont)

Britain – VA and PA traders strengthen British influence

France builds a chain of forts in 1753Virginia sends George Washington to

negotiate France’s evacuationFrance says, “no thanks”

1750-1754 (cont)

Albany Congress – Seven Colonies persuade Iroquois Confederacy nations to remain friendly with British at least

**IMPORTANT** Delegates endorse proposal for colonial confederation (Albany Plan of the Union) Ben Franklin (PA) Thomas Hutchinson (MA)

Albany Congress

Albany Congress (cont)

APU outlined a plan for a “grand Council” representing all colonial assemblies with a crown-appointed president general as its executive officer. Council with develop coordinated policies regarding military defense and Indian affairs which the colonies would fund according to an agreed upon formula. Enduring Vision, p. 123

French & Indian War (Seven Years’ War)

Washington’s activity sparks the war (1754)Britain sends 1,000 troops to North America

French & Indian War (Seven Years’ War)

July 9, 1755 – Natives, French, and Canadians join

French hold the British off for 3 yearsBritain has more numbers, but France and

Native American allies capture Ft. Oswego on Lake Ontario (1756) and Ft. Henry on Lake George (1757)

French & Indian War

TWO huge developments for Britain Iroquois become disgruntled with France

1758 side with England William Pitt takes over control of military affairs in

British Cabinet Puts burden of fighting on Colonies, but financial burden

on Parliament

French & Indian War

Troops under General Amherst capture Ft. Duquesne & Louisbourg in 1758

1759 French leave northern NY stateSeptember 1759 – French commander-in-

chief Montcalm is defeatedFrench stop fighting in 1760 when Montreal

surrenders

French & Indian War

1763 (a big year for Britain!)2/10/1763 – Treaty of Paris officially ends the

warApril – Ottawa Chief Pontiac unites Native

tribes in an offense against British10/7/1763 – King George III signs

Proclamation of 1763 reserving land west of Allegheny Mountains for Native Americans (AKA Proclamation Line)

French & Indian War

Seven Years’ War

Sparks Fly…Tensions Run High

British and Colonial troops don’t like each other

British and Colonial civilians don’t like each other Colonists don’t like housing and feeding “arrogant”

British troops King views this as undermining his authority and

effort to defend territories

Sparks Fly…Tensions Run High

British living in England are angry with PittColonists profited from war; Britain sinks into

debt(during war) Colonists prosper – buy British

goods – increase British manufacturing – increases Britain’s economy

What happened when war ended…?

Sparks Fly…Tensions Run High

Natives want French to come backNew Native/Colonial skirmishes drive debt

higher Pontiac’s Rebellion 1763 – Delaware, Ottawa, and Pontiac attack eight

British forts near Great Lakes Lasts about 3 years King George III issues Proclamation of 1763

North America after 1763