jce dcci sept 2014

ETHEKWINI MUNICIPALITY , DURBAN, SOUTH AFRICA.

EXPLORING OTHERWHERE

Jonathan Edkins

CITY ARCHITECT

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GLOBAL CONTEXT

DURBAN

SHIFTING FOCUS

Durban

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AFRICAN OCEAN RIM

IMPACT & INFLUENCE

AFRICAN HEARTLAND

GATEWAY PORT

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C A L C U T T A

R A G O O N

M A D R A S

A K Y A B

P O R T T I M O R D A R W I N P O R T H E D L A N D P E R T H

K U T J A R A D J A S I N G A P O R E D J A K A R T A

A L B A N Y P E N O N G M E L B O U R N E S YD N E Y

GLOBAL CONTEXT / LOCAL CITY

UNIQUE MIX & CHARACTER

A CITY ON THE EDGE ………..

rapidly changing

WARM SUB-TROPICAL COASTAL CITY

MULTIPLI-CITY

OCEAN EDGE

PORTAL GATEWAY

PERIPHERY EDGEPORTAL GATEWAY

COMMERCE TRADEPORTAL GATEWAY PERIPHERY EDGE

BAY HARBOURPORTAL GATEWAY PERIPHERY EDGE COMMERCE TRADE

TOURISTS BEACHBAY HARBOURPORTAL GATEWAY PERIPHERY EDGE COMMERCE TRADE

WARM SUB-TROPICAL COASTAL CITY

MULTIPLI_CITY

URBAN EDGE

WATERFRONT CITY

FORMAL INFORMALWATERFRONT CITY

FORMAL INFORMALWATERFRONT CITY URBAN WEAVE

FLOWS CURRENTSFORMAL INFORMALWATERFRONT CITY URBAN WEAVE

RESOURCE NATUREFORMAL INFORMALWATERFRONT CITY FLOWS CURRENTSURBAN WEAVE

WARM SUB-TROPICAL COASTAL CITY

MULTIPLI_CITY

INNER CITY

VIBRANT CROWDED

SUBSISTENCE CULTUREVIBRANT CROWDED

TRADE NETWORKSVIBRANT CROWDED SUBSISTENCE CULTURE

MEDICINE MUTISUBSISTENCE CULTUREVIBRANT CROWDED TRADE NETWORKS

IMPORT / EXPORTSUBSISTENCE CULTURE MEDICINE MUTIVIBRANT CROWDED TRADE NETWORKS

MULTIPLI_CITY

COHESION

EXPRESSION

IDENTITYEXPRESSION

INTENSITYIDENTITYEXPRESSION

INTENSITE DIFFERENCEEXPRESSION IDENTITE

CONTRASTDIFFERENCEINTENSITYIDENTITEEXPRESSION

FEEDBACK & UPDATE :

- URBAN DEVELOPMENT

- URBAN MANAGEMENT

- UIA DURBAN 2014

- URBAN LEGACY

BEAUTIFUL CITY / SUSTAINABLE FUTURE?

- sprawl- climate change- poverty gap- resource depletion- energy costs- water supply- land shortage- movement systems

- - asset deterioration- - Urban Management

- On the Edge ……….

Response • CUSTODIANSHIP

Planning ahead

• STEWARDSHIP Taking responsibility for asset management

• REGENERATION Bold projects with an eye on the future

•TOWARDS SOCIAL COHESIONBUILDING RESILIENCE ……BUILDING PEOPLE…………BUILDING THE CITY.

PLANNING & CUSTODIANSHIP Densification Plans and Neighbourhood Node Development

Source : Framework Planning – Elizabeth Dubbeld

Densification Plans

IRPTN Trunk Route(Black = Road, Orange = Rail)

Urban Centre - Residential

Integrated Rapid Public Transport Network (IRPTN)One of the critical tools for guiding urban densification

Dense Mixed Use Corridors

PLANNING & CUSTODIANSHIP

AREA BASED MANAGEMENT & URBAN ZONES

PLANNING & CUSTODIANSHIP

Asset ManagementNeed for support for PEOPLE in the CBDInformal and Formal Business GenerationIncentives for new investment in CBD PropertyDispelling Perceptions of Crime and GrimeApplying strategies for DensificationFacilitating increased mixed use developments, Proactively supporting residential developmentSupport for integrated precinct managementImproved Access and WalkabilityA vibrant “Quality Living Environment”

STEWARDSHIPTopical priorities within the inner city

Priority Zones Pilot Project

Integrated Infrastructure Asset Management

PZAM Rollout

UIPs / SRAs / CIDs

Urban Management Zones

Urban Renewal Committee

AREA BASED MANAGEMENT

City Development Agency ?

Institutional Response

Urban Development & Regeneration : Urban Management

Inner City Degradation 2007

Littering Control

A better future becomes possible if it opens ways to use the potential for change still existing in the spare capacity and the good will of people with hope.

Professor Jose Forjaz Durban 2007

A PASSIONATE TALE : CITY ARCHITECTS eTHEKWINI MUNCIPALITY

INTERACTION

SUSTAINABILITY

policy context of integrated development planning:

Municipal Structures Act 17, 1998

White Paper on Local Government, 1998

Municipal Systems Act, 2000

INNER CITY DRIVERS : TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE ACCOUNTABILITY

Beatrice called everyone together

Something had to be done....

SUSTAINABILITY FOCUS

WORKING TOGETHER

WORKING TOGETHER

ACCORDING TO PLAN | CITY ARCHITECTS eTHEKWINI MUNCIPALITY

Capital Works

Projects

Status quo assessment

Programmed & proactive

Well designed environment which supports all stakeholders

Integration

Messy, dirty & unsafe

Clean & safe

Integrated Urban Management

Urban Design & Development

Integrated Management ( Design, Develop & Maintenance)

Operational Management

A Great City Experience

pleasant experience

enjoyable experience

memorable experience

• An integrated urban management system is emerging• Line function relationships are being positively developed

• Social issues are being addressed• Implementation projects are being supported

• Urban development principles are being enhanced• A clean, secure and visually attractive environment is being sustained

Priority Zones Urban Management Pilot Project

ACCORDING TO PLAN | CITY ARCHITECTS eTHEKWINI MUNCIPALITY

DURBAN IDENTITY : UD FRAMEWORK 2010

Tollgate Bridge

CLEANER ENVIRONMENTOn a sustained basis

SAFER ENVIRONMENT& Improved security coordination

CAPITAL ASSETS PROTECTED & MAINTAINED

ENGAGING WITH & ON SOCIAL ISSUES

PUBLIC UTILISING PUBLIC SPACES AGAIN

IMPROVED TRADING ENVIRONMENT

Clean and safe to walk around

ATTRACT PUBLIC AND TOURISTS BACK TO THE CBD

Strategic value of ICCD

SUCCESSES - 2012

A PASSIONATE TALE : CITY ARCHITECTS eTHEKWINI MUNCIPALITY

PZ INTRO

A PASSIONATE TALE : CITY ARCHITECTS eTHEKWINI MUNCIPALITY

INTERVENTION

A PASSIONATE TALE : CITY ARCHITECTS eTHEKWINI MUNCIPALITY

INTERACTION

A PASSIONATE TALE : CITY ARCHITECTS eTHEKWINI MUNCIPALITY

OWNERSHIP

Urban Development & Regeneration Priority Zones Pilot Intervention

Inner City Improvements 2012 : Inside Priority Zone

Before / After

ACCORDING TO PLAN | CITY ARCHITECTS eTHEKWINI MUNCIPALITY

IMAGES

Priority Zones Urban Management Pilot Project

Urban Development & Regeneration Priority Zones Pilot Intervention

Inner City Degradation 2012 : Outside Priority Zone

Urban Management

URBAN MANAGEMENT ZONES

CLEAN MY CITY CAMPAIGN

AREA BASED MANAGEMENT

PRIVATE / PUBLIC COOPERATION

RATIONALISATION AND ROLLOUT

A PASSIONATE TALE : CITY ARCHITECTS eTHEKWINI MUNCIPALITY

INTERACTIONThe idea grew!

Urban Development , Architecture & Renewal Precedent in Pilot Projects

REGENERATION

Urban Development , Architecture & Renewal

2010 SOCCER WORLD CUP

COP 17 CONGRESS

REGENERATION

BEACHFRONT REVITALISATION PROGREMME

Key Proposals

A North- South link Green Infrastructure

Develop a major east- west boulevard and spine of pedestrian and public transport- orientated, civic and commercial activity (consolidating intervention)

A ‘Continuous Water Front Link’

Sports Park

Back of Beach Regeneration

Batho Pele Corridor

River Town Development

Centrum Site Development

Warwick Regeneration

Bluff Headland Heritage Park

Multiple use Inter-connected

CITY ARCHITECTS I Public Realm : Tourism & Events

proactively design, procure, manage, maintain & develop the City’s buildings and urban landscape.

Pedestrian Way Finding Signage

People-Mover Bus Shelter

Information Kiosk s

INITIATIVES TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITYInfrastructure for non-motorised transportUrban Development & Regeneration : Accessibility

CITY ARCHITECTS I Public Realm : Route Brochures & Maps

proactively design, procure, manage, maintain & develop the City’s buildings and urban landscape.

City Regeneration Strategy

SUSTAINABLE FUTURE?

- sprawl- climate change- poverty gap- resource depletion- energy costs- water supply- land shortage- movement systems- capital flight- skills migration

RESPONSE / GAP

- Densification & Regeneration- Climate impact Adaption & Mitigation- Social Regeneration & Job Creation- Economic investment platform- Reduced travel, energy alternatives- Technology & waste reduction- Densification & consolidation- IRPTN, bicycles, Walkable City- Confidence Building- Nurturing City of Opportunity

Regeneration

• Impossible without Social Cohesion;• Build Social Capital – first;• Unite behind shared Vision;• Continuous renewal of intra-connected unity;• Joint Efforts;• Build the City together.

Key Elements

• Mixed-Use Dominance ; eg. Shop Houses;• Creative Arts Villages & Localised Markets;• Urban Management;• Planned recreational and ecological precincts;• Walkable City:• Heritage & Character;• Destinations;• Events;• Safe 24 hour City;• Ecologically sensitive & appropriate development.

Pre-Conditions• Poor & Rich must share the same space• Accessible and Attractive Core• Balance Formal & Informal Economies• Protect the Central Asset• Densification and Mixed Use• Planned Infrastructure and Social Services• Various Housing Typologies• Properly performing Public Space• Build upon Cultural Heritage• Development responsive to Environment

The ABC…To Transforming Our Inner City• A Agreeing on the Inner City Vision

• B Building the Inner City Structure & Management System & Institutional Responses

• C Catalytic Projects : Free Web Access throughout the Inner City Create an Artists Village as a pioneer community Properties for strategic city development Regenerate residential & commercial stock in “Old Durban” Consolidate the Government Services Campus Establish labour intensive work streams in infrastructure & FM Green City roll-out, walkability, cycling, green roofs , mini parks, street parks Alive with Public Transport - Awake Durban Project eThekwini Carnival

Active …Beautiful … Clean

BRIDGING DIVIDES – CATALYTIC INTERVENTIONS

Develop RiverTown

Develop Pixley Ramblas

Batho Pele Corridor - Municipal Office Accommodation Plan

Batho Pele Corridor

Several current major projects sited within the inner city support the consolidation of a municipal precinct. These include:• Centrum Library and Museum

development• IRPTN / Rail Station developmentNew ETA Office / development• New Council chamber development• Old Ford Municipal Campus

urban proposal• existing sub-areas of distinct

character to be identified and intensified

• missed opportunity plots to be targeted for precinct development

• opportunity to establish the centrum as an urban park edged with development

macro context

Urban Development , Architecture & Regeneration New Public Library _ Centrum Context

Urban Development , Architecture & Regeneration New Public Library _ Green Design

Library on the Centrum Site

INITIATIVES TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITYGreen Building | Waterwise devices_ Offices and Customer Centre for EWS

City Architects

Urban Development, Architecture & Regeneration

INITIATIVES TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITYPrecinct Renewal_ Design proposal for urban agriculture in parks

City Architects

Urban Development, Architecture & Regeneration

pop-up parksdurban

the best kept secret

artspacekznsadag

woza enandamarkets of warwicki heart market

little gujeratbuds on the bay

spiga

roll out the green carpet

mobile

UIA DURBAN 2014

4065 delegates

139 exhibitors

60 meetings / workshops

300 paper sessions

54 parallel projects

10 keynote addresses

R137m local economic benefit

UIA DURBAN 2014 - LEGACY

FOCUS ON RESILIENCE, ECOLOGY AND VALUES, AND PEOPLE AT THE CENTRE O F DEVELOPMENT

GLOBAL RECOGNITION FOR EXCELLENCE

ACTIVATED ZONES (WARWICK, RIVERTOWN, PIXLEY KA SEME)

POCKET PARKS AND PUBLIC ART

OPEN ARCHITECTURE INITIATIVE

RENEWED IMPETUS FOR THE INNER CITY AND ARCHITECTURE

PLANTING SEEDS FOR A CHANGED ENVIRONMENT

ART AND DECO Ι HINDU TEMPLES Ι MOSQUES Ι INDIGENOUS ARCHITECTURE Ι VICTORIAN & EDWARDIAN

ΙMODERNISM Ι CROFTON & BENJAMIN Ι CHURCHES Ι LATE MODERNISM Ι CONTEMPORARY Ι MARKETS

BROCHURE SERIES: Outline of Themes

POCKET PARKS

playlearning

public space

north

centre

south

michealmhlangeni

urban pocket parks

sustainability

shepstone street

urban management zone

innovation and technology

communityfood gardening

market roadurban art garden

ski jumpmedicinal . indigenous

flashplant

red squarearchitecture otherwhere

public activation

community stepstraditional food garden

zero scaping

pop-up parksmobile interventions

pop up pocket parks

umthombo community garden

public plaza

recycle centre

and amphitheatre

shepstone slicescool runnings food garden

rivertownshepstone road

active park

safe space. drop-in centreumthombo community food garden

warwick market streeturban art park

warwick ski-jump

warwick ski-jumpmedicinal and indigenous plant installation

wrapped column root mural wall medicinal plants and information

recycled sculpture bollard seats

nomad tent housing nursery staff training and education

seed distribution

flashplantinstant greening

relocate signage

wrapped column

root mural wall

flashplantinstant greening

red square

photography

red squarepublic activation

photo collage

scaffold towersarchitecture otherwhere

africaphoto rooms

greetings from…..red square lounge

architecture otherwhere

play park

the cocoon

the tree

mobilestreet blocks

Parallel Proposal

SKI JUMP

SKI JUMP

RED SQUARE

Current Activities :

Residential (Flats)UNISA Clothing Factory ShopAutomotive ServicesMedical CentreInterior Design decorating Religious Place of Worship IT CentreSurf ShopCartage and WarehousingFishing, Diving and Hiking Arms, Ammunition, Firearm AcademyTab Gold: Horse Racing BankPaint storeSAPSParks Depot

2013

129

131

1948

• Initially brewing and selling beer had provided a number of black people with an income.

• Although the Native Brewing Act 1908 prohibited the production beer; illegal brewing continued.

• In terms of the Native Beer Act,municipalities in

Natal were given the sole right to brew and sell beer within their boundaries.

• Beer-halls first opened in 1909 and were funded through the revenue of the municipality

• Tensions between the authorities and the local communities grew until 17 June 1959 when a group of women led by Florence Mkhize and Dorothy Nyembe forced their way inside the beer hall in Cato Manor beat the patrons,set fire to the place and defiled vats of beer.

Beer Halls - 1909

Existing Beer Hall as Technical Centre - 1994

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Current Accommodation:

1. D.A.G. store and restore

2. L.H.M. offices & store

3. Plant room

4. General store

5. Wood work room

6. Stores & staff amenities

7. Parking & loading area

8. Existing enclosed Milne drain

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• Architecture : Union period: 1910-61, functional style

• 2 rectangular halls• Municipal beerhall: 1914-1968 • (1908 Native Beer Act)• Panel beating shop- 1993• Saved from demolition by Durban Art

Gallery• 1994: conversion to technical centre

Pixley Ramblas

MAIN ISSUES EXPRESSED

• Better Safety in the Area• Solutions for street children• Solution with Prostitutes• Cleaner Streets• More Activities for Youth• More Activity in the Road

GENERAL ISSUE FROM SURVEY

• Lack of Parking created an issue for businesses• Most enjoyed the Activations but would have

liked more at different times of the day• Most of the activity generated more people in

the evening• The delay in execution of the project diluted the

experience• The most mentioned facility that is lacking from

the area are retail/ clothing shops

Webs of connection

A CITY ON THE EDGE

– OTHERWHERE