joão canas ferreirajcf/ensino/disciplinas/mieec/pcvlsi/2017-18/phy3.pdf · clock tree synthesis...

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VLSI Síntese física 1

FEUP/DEECMay 2018

Physical synthesis

João Canas Ferreira

VLSI Síntese física 2

Contents

Includes figures from::Michael Smith, Application-Specific Integrated Circuits

(chap. 16 & 17)

J. Rabaey, A. Chandrakasan, B. NikolicDigital Integrated Circuits, 2ª ed, Prentice-Hall

Introduction

Floorplanning

Placement

Routing

SoC Encounter

VLSI Síntese física 3

Contents

Introduction

Floorplanning

Placement

Routing

SoC Encounter

VLSI Síntese física 4

Generic synthesis flow

Physical synthesis

accurate values for timinganalysis / simulation

VLSI Síntese física 5

Estimating timing charcateristics

VLSI Síntese física 6

Interconnect delay

VLSI Síntese física 7

EStimating the propagation delay of nets

VLSI Síntese física 8

Contents

Introdução

Floorplanning

Placement

Routing

SoC Encounter

VLSI Síntese física 10

Floorplanning in action

VLSI Síntese física 11

Congestion analysis

Global aspect ratio must be controlled so that die fits into packaging cavity.

VLSI Síntese física 12

Packaging cavity

VLSI Síntese física 13

“Pad-limited” vs. “core-limited”

VLSI Síntese física 14

Pads

VLSI Síntese física 16

Clock signal distribution

VLSI Síntese física 18

Contents

Introduction

Floorplanning

Placement

Routing

SoC Encounter

VLSI Síntese física 21

Estimating the length of the interconnect

VLSI Síntese física 22

Estimating the length of the interconnect (2)

Sum of all n*(n-1) point to point connections divided by n/2

VLSI Síntese física 24

Contents

Introduction

Floorplanning

Placement

Routing

SoC Encounter

VLSI Síntese física 26

Estimating the interconnect delay

Elmore delay

VLSI Síntese física 30

Cell connections

VLSI Síntese física 31

Internal view of a standard cell

VLSI Síntese física 33

Example: routing with the metal levels

VLSI Síntese física 34

Conteúdo

Inclui figuras de:Michael Smith, Application-Specific Integrated Circuits

Introdução

Planeamento (floorplanning)

Colocação (placement)

Encaminhamento (routing)

O sistema SOC Encounter

VLSI Síntese física 35

SoC Encounter design flow

Import netlist

Floorplan +power plan

Placement(+ refinement)

Clock tree synthesis

Routing

RC parameterextraction

Other tasks: - Generation of layer geometry information (gds2) - Delay calculation (SDF = Standard Delay Format, IEEE 1497, IEC 61523-3) - Information about parasitics for logical synthesis

(SPEF: IEEE 1841) - DRC and ERC (Electrical rule checking) - ECO (Engineering Change Order)

VLSI Síntese física 42

Clock tree synthesis

specifyClockTree -clkfile ctgen.const

ckSynthesis -rguide muladd_top_cts.guide \-report muladd_top_cts.ctsrpt

AutoCTSRootPin clkMaxDelay 3000psMinDelay 1000psSinkMaxTran 1000psBufMaxTran 1000psMaxSkew 200psNoGating NOBuffer BUF2 BUF4 BUF6 BUF8 BUF12 BUF15 INV0 INV1 INV2 INV3 INV4 INV8 INV10 INV12 INV15 CLKIN0 CLKIN1 CLKIN2 CLKIN3 CLKIN4 CLKIN6 CLKIN8 CLKIN10 CLKIN12 CLKIN15 CLKBU2 CLKBU4 CLKBU6 CLKBU8 CLKBU12 CLKBU15End

Information for routing(guides)

VLSI Síntese física 43

CLK

H-tree

Example of a clock tree

VLSI Síntese física 44

Árvore H mais realista

[Restle98]

VLSI Síntese física 45

Clock distribution on the Alpha 21164 (1)

trise = 0.35ns tskew = 150ps

tcycle= 3.3ns

Placement on the “die”

pre-driver

final drivers

VLSI Síntese física 46

Clock Drivers

Clock distribution on the Alpha 21164 (2)

VLSI Síntese física 47

“Skew” of Alpha processor

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