lakeland acid/base review

Lakeland Acid/Base Review

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An Arrhenius acid has

A) only hydroxide ions in solution B) only hydrogen ions in solution

C) hydrogen ions as the only positive ions in solution

D) hydrogen ions as the only negative ions in solution

Question 1

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• Acids provide H+

Correct!

• An Arrhenius acid increases the concentration of H+ in solution

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When the pH of a solution changes from a pH of 5to a pH of 3, the hydronium ion concentration is

A) 0.01 of the original content B) 0.1 of the original content

C) 10 times the original content D) 100 times the original content

Question 2

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• The pH scale is based on powers of 10. Strong acids have low pH values, strong bases have high pH values.

Correct!

• As pH changes from 5 to 3 the acid is stronger so [H3O+] increases by 100.

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If 5.0 milliliters of a 0.20 M HCl solution is required to neutralize exactly 10. milliliters of NaOH, what is the concentration of the base?

A) 0.1 M B) 0.2 M

C) 0.3 M D) 0.4 M

Question 3

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• MAVA = MBVB

Correct!

• MAVA = MBVB so (.2)(5) = MB(10) MB = 0.1 M

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Given the reaction: HCl(aq) + LiOH(aq) → HOH(_) + LiCl(aq)The reaction is best described as

A) neutralization B) synthesis

C) decomposition D) oxidation-reduction

Question 4

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• The products of the reaction are a salt and water

Correct!

• A neutralization reaction is always an acid and base reacting to form a salt and water

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Which ion is produced when an Arrhenius baseis dissolved in water?

A) H+, as the only positive ion in solution

B) H3O+, as the only positive ion in solution

C) OH–, as the only negative ion in solution

D) H– , as the only negative ion in solution

Question 5

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• Arrhenius bases always produce hydroxide

Correct!

• Hydroxide, OH-, is the negative ion that is always produced by an Arrenhius base

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As an aqueous solution becomes more acidic,the hydronium ion concentration

A) decreases B) increases

C) Remains the same D) Impossible to tell

Question 6

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• Acids create hydronium in solution

Correct!

• The stronger the acid the more hydronium that is produced

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Given the reaction: CO32– + H2O HCO3

–+OH–

The H2O molecule serves as a

A) Weak base B) Proton acceptor

C) Strong base D) Proton donor

Question 7

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• Identify a product that is similar to water to decide if it gained or lost a proton

Correct!

• Water became OH- which means that it donated a H+ ion

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Given the ionization constant equation: Kw = [H+][OH–] = 1.0 x 10–14

For water at 25°C, which statement is true?

A) [H+] = [OH–] B) [H+] > [OH–]

C) [H+] = 1.0 x 10–14 M D) [OH–] = 1.0 x 10–14 M

Question 8

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• Water is neutral, so its ions should be even

Correct!

• Since water is neutral [H+] = [OH-]

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What is the pH of a 0.01 M aqueous solutionof HCl?

A) 1 B) 2

C) 3 D) 4

Question 9

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• pH = - log[H+]

Correct!

• pH = -log[H+] = -log(0.01) = 2

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Given the reaction: HSO4– + HPO4

2– SO42– + H2PO4

–

Which pair represents an acid and its conjugatebase?

A) HSO4– and SO4

2– B) SO42– and H2PO4

–

C) HSO4– and HPO4

2– D) SO42– and HPO4

2–

Question 10

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• A conjugate acid/base pair differs by only 1 H+

Correct!

• HSO4- and SO4

2- differ by only one H+

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Given the reaction at equilibrium: HSO4– + NH3 SO4

2– + NH4+

What are the two Bronsted-Lowry acids?

A) NH3 and NH4+ B) HSO4

– and SO42–

C) NH3 and SO42– D) HSO4

– and NH4+

Question 11

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• Bases are proton acceptors

Correct!

• NH3 and SO42- both gain a H+

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Which of the following ionization constants (Kb)represents the strongest base?

A) 1 x 10-13 B) 1 x 10-9

C) 1 x 10-5 D) 1 x 10-3

Question 12

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• The more hydroxide produced, the higher the Kb value

Correct!

• The strongest bases will have the highest Kbvalue

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What is the pH of a [OH-] = 0.001 M solution?

A) 14 B) 11

C) 7 D) 3

Question 13

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• pOH = -log[OH-], pH = 14 - pOH

Correct!

• pOH = - log(0.001) = 3• pH = 14 – 3 = 11

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Nitrous Acid has the formula

A) HN B) HNO

C) HNO2 D) HNO3

Question 14

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• -ous ending of an acid name means that it is made with a polyatomic that ends in -ite

Correct!

• Nitrous acid is hydrogen nitrite, HNO2

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Hydrobromic acid has the formula

A) HBr B) HBrO

C) HBrO2 D) HBrO3

Question 15

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• Hydrobromic acid means that the formula for the acid should come from the name hydrogen bromide

Correct!

• HBr is hydrogen bromide. Following the rules for naming acids, hydrogen bromide becomes hydrobromic acid.

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