lesson 6 neurotransmitter interuption
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Lesson 6 – Interference of Neurotransmitter function
VCE PSYCHOLOGY
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Study design dot point• the effects of chronic changes to the functioning of the nervous system
due to interference to neurotransmitter function, illustrated by the role of GABA in Parkinson’s disease.
What you need to know and be able to do:• Explain the symptoms of Parkinson's disease• Explain the role of GABA in Parkinson's disease • Explain the role of Dopamine in Parkinson's disease
Question from last lesson
• Multiple choice activity• Write in Books
Neurotransmitter interruption
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
• Neurotransmitter interruption can occur from an imbalance or deficiency in a particular type of neurotransmitter.
• Causes of neurotransmitter interruption may be naturally occurring or self induced. Common causes include:– Alcohol and drugs– Diet and nutrition– Stress– Genetics
• The side effects are many and varied, some can be permanent and others short term. All relate directly to the type of neurotransmitter impacted. Some side effects include:
• Some of these effects are chronic, while others are temporary
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Mental HealthDisorders
Addiction Immobility Weight Lossor Gain
Side effects of neurotransmitter interruption
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
• Neurotransmitter deficiencies can in many cases be treated through drugs and medication, artificially replacing the lost neurotransmitter.
• The biggest problem with this is that it does not help the natural production, in fact in can suppress it further.
Treating neurotransmitter interruptions
Deficiency in serotonin• Serotonin is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that involves stabilising
mood.• Without it individuals suffer emotional disturbances that can result
in schizophrenia.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Deficiency in dopamine• Dopamine is an excitatory neuron involved in drive, motivation and
motor movement.• Without it, individuals can suffer from depression.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
What is Parkinson’s disease• Parkinson’s disease is a progressive degeneration of the nervous
system characterised by tremor and muscle rigidity.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
https://www.flickr.com/photos/pahudson/6719675893/in/photostream/Michael J Fox - speaking at Lotusphere 2012Paul Hudson
Video source:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECkPVTZlfP8MJ Fox interview (2.15 min)
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
What causes Parkinson’s disease?• Low levels of dopamine – causes movement problems• Low levels of GABA have now also been found which explains why
dopamine treatments (such as L-dopa) only have short term effects
Further reading:https://hms.harvard.edu/news/challenging-parkinsons-dogma-10-24-12
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Exit Questions
Fast five - Question 1What does the term chronic mean?
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Fast five - Question 1 (Answer)What does the term chronic mean?
Answer:Long time.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Fast five - Question 2Name two ways that neurotransmitters can be interrupted.
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Fast five - Question 2 (Answer)Name two ways that neurotransmitters can be interrupted.
Answer:Alcohol and stress.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Fast five - Question 3Name two side effects of neurotransmitter interruption.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Fast five - Question 3 (Answer)Name two side effects of neurotransmitter interruption.
Answer:Mental health problems and weight gain.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Fast five - Question 4Name two neurotransmitters that are linked to the onset of Parkinson’s disease.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Fast five - Question 4 (Answer)Name two neurotransmitters that are linked to the onset of Parkinson’s disease.
Answer:Dopamine and GABA.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Fast five - Question 5What is Parkinson’s disease?
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
Fast five - Question 5 (Answer)What is Parkinson’s disease?
Answer:Progressive degeneration of the nervous system.
© Kristy Kendall & Edrolo 2016
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