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LoRa™ Low-Power, Wide-Area Networks for Internet of Things (IoT) Applications
STM32
Nicolas Fillon – ST Microcontrollers FAE
What is IoT?While M2M network connects machines in closed systems,
IoT enhances existing networks through an intelligent cloud.
2
Human (us)
•Real time analytics•Managed APIs• Internet scale awareness
Cloud
Things
IoT - Driving the Next Semiconductor Boom 3
0
10
20
30
40
50
Source : ABI, ST
21 Billion2015
45 Billion2020
Billion units installed base
Forecast: 45 billion connected devices by 2020
Communication Technologies - Overview
Mbps
Kbps
bps
10 m 100 m 1 km 10 km
Baud rate
Range
WiFi / BTWiFi / BT
Short RangeShort Range LPWANLPWAN
CellularCellular
-M
-NB-IOT
5G
850/1900 MHz900/1800 MHz
Sub-GHz
2.4 GHz
IoT Use Cases 5
Services• Health tracking• Food lifestyle • Weight reduction • FW update …
BLE
WiFi4G
Gateway
Network Server
Application ServerAdmin control
LoRa
3G / 4G / Ethernet
• Consumer • Industrial
What is LoRa ? 6
• Long range, low power & small form factor• In Sub-GHz: > 2km dense urban, > 15km suburban, > km VLOS• More than 10 years in operation without changing battery
• Concentrator with network capacity & security• Star Network / Link rate Adaptation / Fully Scalable Network• More than 4M transaction per day per GTW
• Robust communication• Robust to interferer / coexistence with other ISM• Robust to Jamming• Suitable for Mobile, Nomadic & fixed nodes• Indoor / Outdoor coverage
LoRa®
FSK
Zigbee
-90 dBm
-100 dBm
-125 dBm
-148 dBm
1. A Sub-GHz wireless technology enabling low data-rate communications over long distances
2. Is targeting M2M and Internet of Things applications
3. LoRa technology is a solution providing a WAN capability, using a MAC protocol named LoRaWAN
LoRa Network Features 7
Long range• Greater than cellular• Deep indoor coverage• Star topology
Max lifetime• Low power optimized• 10-20 years lifetime• >10x vs cellular M2M
Low cost• Minimal infrastructure• Low cost end-node• Open software
Multi-usage• High capacity• Multi-tenant• Public network
LoRaWANTM Differentiation and Benefits 8
Bidirectional• Bidirectional• Scalable capacity• Broadcast
Security• Unique ID• Application• Network
Global mobility• True mobility• Seamless• Roaming
True location• Indoor and outdoor• Position monitoring
LoRa Alliance• The LoRa Alliance is a non-profit open consortium of companies promoting the technology
• Mission is to ensure that LoRaWAN is THE standard for SECURE, CARRIER-GRADE IoT connectivity
• Promotes interoperability, certification and drives future use-cases and features
• There are players in all facets of the network• Gateway hardware suppliers (Multitech, Actility, etc)
• Network Server space (Senet)
• Application Server space (MyDevices, Loriot, etc)
• Certification houses
• End-nodes (also called “Mote’s”)
• www.lora-alliance.org
9
17 announced IoT deployments56 on-going Operator Trials
500+ Member Companies
Premise of LoRaWAN• Although point-to-point demos (Nucleo+Shield) are possible and available, the premise of LoRa is an
End-Node to Gateway Star Network solution.
• It is VERY low power and VERY long range, however VERY low data-rate.
• This is not BLE / WiFi / Cellular / etc! However, it is also a VERY LOW COST technology!
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What is LoRaWAN?• LoRaWAN is the MAC layer software stack for LoRa devices
• Specifies the frequency and modulation schemes necessary for local ISM band regulatory compliance (FCC, ETSI, etc)
• The LoRaWAN stack defines a subset of the functionality in the LoRa transceiver chip, in order to ensure fast development time and interoperability
• Defines an Over-the-Air Activation scheme using AES128 encryption
• Defines 3 Classes of End Nodes, depending on power profile and usage requirements
• Roaming services are coming
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LoRa Network Protocol 14
Device
Solutions providers
GATEWAYDEVICESSILICON APPLICATON SERVERNETWORK SERVERMODULES
Powered by STM32
ST and Semtech LoRa Agreement 15
http://www.st.com/web/en/press/c2790
• Semtech Corporation and STMicroelectronics announced an agreement on Semtech's Lora long-range wireless RF technology
• Intends to boost STM32 MCUs with LoRa technology to target internet of things deployments by mobile network operators and large-scale private networks
The Perfect Match: STM32/8 + LoRa 16
STM32 are available in more than 1000 part numbersLoRa SX127x offers 6 different part numbers
More than 4000 possible combinations
STM32WL
ST’s LoRaWAN Implementation• I-CUBE-LRWAN middleware stack
• http://www.st.com/en/embedded-software/i-cube-lrwan.html
• Based on LoRaWAN v1.0.1
• Example projects for L0 / L1 / L4 Nucleo boards
• Class A device example and a “PingPong” point-to-point demo (Not LoRaWAN), to demonstrate the radio features
• Full source. No lib files
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HW tools Dev tools
STM32CubeMX
ST-Link Utility
Partners IDE
System Workbench for STM32
Let’s Get Started
LoRaWAN stack
With a wide and existing ecosystem
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(Click on the icon or link)
I-CUBE-LRWAN
Nucleo packST and Semtech
P/N: P-NUCLEO-LRWAN1
Discovery boardST and Murata®
P/N: B-L072Z-LRWAN1
Expansion boardST and USI®
P/N: I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1
19New Hardware ToolB-L072Z-LRWAN1: STM32 and LoRa Discovery kit
Murata module
Integrated ST-Link/V2-1:mass storage device flash programming
Arduino™ extension connectors : easy access to add-ons
2 push buttons, 2 color Leds,Jumper settings
Flexible board power supply :through USB or external source
SMA Antenna connector
20New Hardware ToolI-NUCLEO-LRWAN1: USI ® STM32™ Nucleo expansion board for LoRa
USI module
Sensors: Pressure, Humidity, Temperature, 3D MEMS
Arduino™ extension connector
SMA antenna connector
ST – Semtech – Senet - MyDevices Demo 21
Device-1
Network ServerWill decode the data from the
device to route the right devices information to the right
Application server.Other players on top of Telco
may offer Network Server services
GatewayIs ‘’just’’ a bridge between the
devices and the network server.
The Gateway(Base station) are Telco properties (Verizon,
Orange, Vodafone …)The Semtech radio chipset is
the SX1301.
ApplicationServer
Runs the application. The App could run on a cloud server,
PC, Phone … . Then the data are sent back to the right
device via the N.S and the Gateway,
DevicesThe aim is to sense, track, record, monitor any
activity. They could be connected to several Gateway and many devices could be connected
to the same Gateway. Devices are base on SX1276(100MHz – 1020MHz) or SX1272
(800MHz – 1020MHz) radio.
Device-2
Device-3
Senet Network Server + Developer PortalSenet Developer Portal
• Developer login
• Register and manage devices
• Transaction visibility
• PDU
• RF attributes
• Transaction forwarding
• Raw JSON
• To platforms, e.g. ATT M2X
• Initiate downlink communication
22
https://portal.senetco.com
What About Other IoT Cloud Players?• Freeboard https://freeboard.io
• Quickly build and visualize an IoT data dashboard
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