los complementos indirectos y los pronombres. look at the sentences: yo lavo el carro. ella ayuda a...

Los complementos Los complementos indirectosindirectos

Y

los pronombres

Look at the sentences:• Yo lavo el carro.• Ella ayuda a la niña.• Nosotros escribimos unas cartas a nuestros amigos.

There are various parts to each: a subject

a verba direct object

•A direct object answers the question “who” or “what” in a sentence. •A direct object receives the action of the verb. • Yo lavo… what ? The answer is el carro. -direct object • Ella ayuda… who ?Ella ayuda a la niña. – direct object

These are direct object pronouns and personal direct object pronouns

me nos te os lo los la las

Direct Object Pronouns

• 1 – Find subject

• 2- Find verb

• 3 – Ask who or what?• I wrote him a note.

• S V D.O.

Indirect Object Pronouns• 1 – Find subject• 2- Find verb• 3 – Find D.O. (Ask who or what?)

• 4 –Find I.O. Ask : to whom :for whom

: to what : for what

• I wrote him a note.

• S V I.O. D.O.

• I wrote what? A note (D.O.)

• I wrote a note for whom? Him. (I.O) me nos

te os le les

Indirect Object Pronounsme (to/for) me nos(to/for)us

te (to/for) you os (to/for)

youle (to/for) him

le (to/for) her

les (to/for)

les him/her

• You have already used indirect object pronouns with gustar ( to be pleasing to):

A Paco le gusta esquiar.

Paco likes to ski.

(To Paco, skiing is pleasing.)

Sometimes for emphasis or for clarity we may ADD:

a + name, noun or pronounI tell Josh the truth.Yo le digo a Josh la verdad.NOTE: the indirect object pronoun

is always used, even when the indirect object name or noun is present.

me: a mí nos: a nosotros

te : a ti os : a vosotros

le: a ella les: a ellos

:a él :a ellas

:a ud. :a uds.

:a Paco :a Chela y Ana

Indirect object pronouns come before conjugated verbs.

I’m bringing the book for Ana. S V D.O. I.O Yo le traigo el libro a Ana.

• Una cosa más….Indirect object pronouns are usually

attached to the end of infinitives, present participles and + commands. They may also come before the conjugate verb.

¿Me puedes dar más información?¿Puedes darme más información?

Can you give me more information?

Indirect object pronouns are attached to positive commands and –ando / -iendo.

Dime la verdad. Tell me the truth.

Estoy dándole un regalo a él. Le estoy dando un regalo.

I am giving him a gift.

Indirect object pronouns come before negative commands.

No me des un regalo.

Don’t give me a gift.

• Verbs that often have indirect objects:• traer- to bring• escribir - to write• dar – to give• decir (ei) – to say, to tell• comprar-to buy• leer – to read• prestar-to lend

• Verbs that often have indirect objects:• mandar-to send• hablar-to speak• pedir- (ei)-to ask for• regalar- to give as a gift• enseñar-to teach, to show• llevar-to bring• servir-(ei)-to serve

• Verbs that often have indirect objects:

• recomendar (eie)-to recommend

• explicar-to explain

• presentar-to introduce

• contestar-to answer

• hacer-to do , to make

doy damosdas dais

da dan

Present tense of dar

La profesora nos da tarea todos los días.

di dimosdiste disteis

dio dieron

Past tense of dar

La profesora nos dio tarea anoche.

digo decimosdices decís

dice dicen

Present tense of decir

Yo siempre les digo la verdad a mis padres.

dije dijimosdijiste dijisteis

dijo dijeron

Past tense of decir

Yo te dije ayer.