low-carbon green growth in asia: policies and practices
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7/28/2019 Low-Carbon Green Growth in Asia: Policies and Practices
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@lw!Jerglm Drbbm
Drlwtc km Eske
^l`kjkbs emo rejtkjbs
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@lw!Jerglm Drbbm
Drlwtc km Eske^l`kjkbs emo rejtkjbs
E Hlkmt Ztuoy lf tcb Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemiemo tcb Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi Kmstktutb
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Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi
Kmstktutb, 7>5:
E`` rkdcts rbsbrvbo- ug`kscbo 7>5:
^rkmtbo km Clmd Ilmd, Jckme
KZGM ;43!?!3;;4?!>:4!:
Jete`ldkmd!Km!^ug`kjetklm Oete
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km Eske8
^l`kjkbs emo ^rejtkjbs
5 J`kaetb Jcemdb
7 Drbbm Drlwtc
: @lw!Jerglm _bjcml`ldy
? Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm
K Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi
KK Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi Kmstktutb
_cb vkbws bxprbssbo km tcks pug`kjetklm
erb tclsb lf tcb eutclrs emo ol mltmbjbsserk`y rbbjt tcb vkbws emo pl`kjkbs
lf tcb Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi #EOG+
lr tcb Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi
Kmstktutb #EOGK+-
EOG emo EOGK ol mlt dueremtbb tcb
ejjurejy lf tcb oete kmj`uobo km tcks
pug`kjetklm emo ejjbpt ml rbsplmskgk`kty
flr emy jlmsbqubmjb lf tcbkr usb-
Rsb lf tcb tbra jlumtry olbs mlt kap`y
emy huodabmt gy tcb eutclrs lr EOGemo EOGK es tl tcb bde` lr ltcbr stetus
lf emy tbrrktlrke` bmtkty- _cb syagl` /
rbprbsbmts tcb Rmktbo Ztetbs ol``er
um`bss ltcbrwksb kmokjetbo- Eske rbfbrs
lm`y tl EOGs Eskem abagbr bjlmlakbs-
EOG emo EOGK bmjluredb prkmtkmd lr
jlpykmd kmflraetklm bxj`uskvb`y flr
pbrslme` emo mlmjlaabrjke` usb wktc
prlpbr ejimlw`bodabmt lf EOG emo
EOGK- Rsbrs erb rbstrkjtbo frla rbsb``kmd,
rbokstrkgutkmd, lr jrbetkmd obrkvetkvbwlris flr jlaabrjke` purplsbs
wktclut tcb bxprbss, wrkttbm jlmsbmt
lf EOG emo EOGK-
Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi
6 EOG Evbmub, Aemoe`uylmd Jkty
522> Abtrl Aemk`e, ck`kppkmbs
_b` )6: 7 6:7 ????
Fex )6: 7 6:6 7???
www-eog-lrd
Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi Kmstktutb
Iesuakdesbik Guk`okmd 3F
:!7!2 Iesuakdesbik, Jckyloe!iu
_liyl 5>>!6>>3
Hepem
_b` )35: :2;: 22>>
eogkpugsNeogk-lrd
www-eogk-lrd
_cks pug`kjetklm jem gb olwm`leobo
frbb lf jcerdb frla www-eogk-lrd
pug`kjetklms-gllis
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_cks stuoy wes aemedbo emo
kap`babmtbo gy em EOGEOGK wlrikmd
drlup jlaprkskmd Hlrm Graab`crstbr,
Gkswemetc Gcettejcerye, Hbsus Fb`kpb,
Weme Cesem, Egko A- Cussekm, Clb [um
Hblmd, Wlgbrt Z- @ljicert, _bruckse Lk,
Ztbpcbm H- l``ero, Emjce Zrkmkvesem,
Zupcejcl` Zupcejce`esek, reobbp
H- _cereiem, emo Baae A- Vbvb wcl
rbvkbwbo gejidrlumo pepbrs emo oreft
jceptbrs- Hum _kem lf tcb Wbdklme`
Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt Obpertabmt
#WZOO+ wes tcb flje` plkmt et EOG-
Vbmietjce`ea Emgualzck lf EOGK sbrvbo
es tcb prlhbjt tesi aemedbr- Zbmklr EOG
aemedbrs bspbjke``y Gkmou @lcemk emo
Skemgkm [el prlvkobo tcb beobrsckp km
dukokmd tcb okrbjtklms lf tcb stuoy emo
oreftkmd tcb kmtrloujtklm emo jlmj`usklm
jceptbrs-
Zbvbre` EOG emo EOGK aemedbrs prlvkobo
lvbrskdct emo tbjcmkje` jlaabmts et
verklus stedbs lf tcb stuoy8 Heb!Ce eri,
Tlljclmd Ra, Aerkl @eagbrtb, Tlreplt
Aemupkpetplmd, Dembscem Tkdmerehe,
[uqkmd Skmd emo Mbsska Ecabo-
Jlaabmts emo ve`ueg`b kmputs wbrb
e`sl prlvkobo gy rbbty Gcemoerk,
Cems Jer`sslm, Wlgbrt Duk`o, Zuhete
Dupte, Akmquem @ku, Jkmzke @lsbmml,
Oevko AjJjeu`by, Jym![lumd ^eri,
Akjceb` Wettkmdbr, emo Jerby [bedbr-
E`bx Glwbm #@lmolm Zjcll` lf Bjlmlakjs+
sbrvbo es tcb prkmjkpe` jlmsu`temt flr
tcb glli- Fklme Cervby #_cb Duerokem+
wes tcb `emduedb boktlr- Ztpcemb
Cerrkslm emo Hlb Flx #Tk``kea Hlsbpc+
erb tcb obskdmbrs- EOGKs Wlgbrt Oevks,
E`estekr Okmdwe``, Iurt Cemslm, Ztbfem
Tbskei, emo Llmedc Ouffy jllrokmetbo
tcb prloujtklm- EOGs Hlsb Emtlmkl _em
KKK, Heslm Wusc, emo Ceruak Iloeae
prlvkobo ve`ueg`b jlmtrkgutklms tl tcbrbvkbwkmd prljbss- _cb fl``lwkmd EOGK
rbsberjc essljketbs emo steff prlvkobo
kmputs emo esskstbo wktc eoakmkstretkvb
aettbrs8 Ocerksc Oevko, Hleme lrtude`,
Hkylumd Zlmd, Okeme E`wks, [uil Kjckiewe,
emo Jckcl Cesbdewe-
_cks hlkmt EOG emo EOGK stuoy wes
jlmjbptue`kzbo emo dukobo gy e stbbrkmd
jlaakttbb jlmskstkmd lf EOG Cbeos lf
Obpertabmt jl!jcekrbo gy Aeseckrl
Iewek #Obem emo JBL, EOGK+ emo Gkmou
@lcemk #Vkjb!^rbskobmt flr Imlw`bodb
Aemedbabmt emo Zustekmeg`b
Obvb`lpabmt, EOG+- _cb stbbrkmd
jlaakttbb abagbrs kmj`uobo cbeos
lf EOGs lpbretklme` emo imlw`bodb
obpertabmts9 Kwem H- Ezks, ZbbtcepetcyJcemobr, ^ck`kp J- Brqukede, I`eus
Dbrcebussbr, Huem Akremoe, Jcemdylmd
Wcbb, Iezu Zeiek, Iumkl Zbmde, Vkmlo
_claes, Wlgbrt F- Tkctl`, emo Skemgkm [el-
E ckdc!`bvb` eovkslry jlaakttbb
prlvkobo tbjcmkje` eovkjb emo ve`ueg`b
jlaabmts et verklus stedbs lf tcb stuoy-
_cb eovkslry jlaakttbb jcekrbo gy
Wehbmore I- ejceurk #_cb Bmbrdy emo
Wbslurjbs Kmstktutb+ jlmskstbo lf Xclu
Oeok #tcb Bmbrdy Wbsberjc Kmstktutb+,Ckrlmlrk Ceaemeie #Kmstktutb lf D`lge`
Bmvkrlmabmte` Ztretbdkbs+, Cudubttb
@egb``b #_remsperbmjy Kmtbrmetklme`+,
Clbsumd @bb #Ilrbe Rmkvbrskty+, Hbffrby
O- Zejcs #Jl`uagke Rmkvbrskty+, Bak`
Ze`ka #Eovkslry Jlumjk` tl tcb rbskobmt
lf Kmolmbske+, emo I`eus _lbpfbr #Kmstktutb
flr Eovemjbo Zustekmegk`kty Ztuokbs+-
Ejimlw`bodbabmts
_cb glli gbmbsttbo frla sbvbre`
gejidrlumo pepbrs prbperbo gy
sjcl`ers frla rbdklme` tckmi temis
_cb jlmtrkgutlrs kmj`uob Heb Bum
Ecm #D`lge` Drbbm Drlwtc Kmstktut
Husbm Esuie #Kmstktutb flr D`lge`
Bmvkrlmabmte` Ztretbdkbs+, Uwemr
Jcltkjcemetcewbwlmd #_cek`emo
Bmvkrlmabmt Kmstktutb+, Wkte Wly
Jcluocury #Eske Guskmbss Jlumjk
_k`ei I- Olsck #Metklme` Rmkvbrskty
Zkmdeplrb+, _lru Cesckaltl #Jkty l
[lilceae+, _eiesck Clmdl #Hepem
Gemi flr Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretkl
Ztbpcbm Clwbs #Eustre`kem Metklm
Rmkvbrskty+, _eb [lmd Humd #D`lge`
Drlwtc Kmstktutb+, Akikil Iekmuae
#Metklme` Kmstktutb flr Bmvkrlmabm
Ztuokbs+, Ie`keppe Ie`krehem #Eust
Metklme` Rmkvbrskty+, Zemd Km Iemd
Bmvkrlmabmt Kmstktutb+, Hllteb IkaDrbbm Fkmemjb, Oemilli Rmkvbrskt
Zkvemeppem Iuaer #Eskem Kmstktut
_bjcml`ldy+, Wktu Aetcur #_cb Bmb
emo Wbslurjbs Kmstktutb+, Grecae
Alcemty #Frbmjc Bmvkrlmabmt em
Bmbrdy Aemedbabmt Edbmjy+, Hkcw
^eri #D`lge` Drbbm Drlwtc Kmstktut
Erkemtl E- etumru #Kmstktutb flr Bj
emo Zljke` Wbsberjc+, Irkscmeaur
Weaemetcem #Eskem emo ejkstj Jb
_remsfbr lf _bjcml`ldy+, Zckv Zlab
#Jl`uagke Rmkvbrskty+, _lalmlrk Z#Hepem Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretklm
^cea Icemc _lem #Kmstktutb lf Bmb
Deakmk Tkhbsbibrb #Eustre`kem Me
Rmkvbrskty+, Cbkmrkjc!Tk`cb`a Tyb
#_cb Wbdklme` Bmvkrlmabmte` Jbmt
Jbmtre` Eske+, eu` Tyrwl`` #Eustre
Metklme` Rmkvbrskty+, emo Xcu [ubz
#Bmbrdy Wbsberjc Kmstktutb+- Wutc
Iettuaurk #@lmolm Zjcll` lf Bjlm
emo Deakmk Tkhbsbibrb #Eustre`kem
Metklme` Rmkvbrskty+ e`sl jlmtrkgut
Jceptbrs ? emo 2, rbspbjtkvb`y-
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Fkvb wlrisclps wbrb cb`o ourkmd tcb
stuoy km Gbkhkmd, Heierte, Mbw Ob`ck,
Zblu`, emo _liyl, wckjc jlmtrkgutbo tl em
bxjcemdb lf vkbws ealmd pl`kjy aeibrs,
sjcl`ers, emo prkvetb sbjtlr bxpbrts
lm tcb gejidrlumo pepbrs emo oreft
jceptbrs tcet aeib up tcb glli-
_cb wlrisclp km Gbkhkmd wes jlmoujtbo
hlkmt y wktc tcb Bmbrdy Wbsberjc Kmstktutb
#BWK+, tcb wlrisclp km Mbw Ob`ck wktc
_cb Bmbrdy emo Wbslurjbs Kmstktutb
#_BWK+, tcb wlrisclp km Kmolmbske wktc
Kmstktutb flr Bjlmlakj emo Zljke`
Wbsberjc #@^BA+, emo tcb pl`kjy
jlmfbrbmjb km Zblu` wktc tcb D`lge`
Drbbm Drlwtc Kmstktutb #DDDK+ emo tcb
J`kaetb emo Obvb`lpabmt Imlw`bodb
Mbtwlri #JOIM+-
Dretbfu` tcemis erb dkvbm tl tcb fl``lwkmd
flr pbrakssklm tl rbprloujb stdurbs kmtcb glli8 Zustekmeg`b Burlpb Wbsberjc
Kmstktutb #Fkdurb 5-7 km Jceptbr 5+, Rmktbo
Metklms Rmkvbrskty rbss #Fkdurb 5-: km
Jceptbr 7+, Akmkstry lf tcb Bmvkrlmabmt,
Hepem #Fkdurb 7-4 km Jceptbr 7+, Eske
Guskmbss Jlumjk` #Fkdurb 7-5> km
Jceptbr 7+, Metklme` Kmstktutb flr
Bmvkrlmabmte` Ztuokbs #_eg`b 7-: km
Jceptbr 7+, Mkpplm Ibkoemrbm #_eg`b 7-?
km Jceptbr 7+, rbskobmtke` Jlaakttbb lm
Drbbm Drlwtc, Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbe #Glx 7-7
km Jceptbr 7+, Kmtbrmetklme` Bmbrdy Edbmjy#Fkdurb :-: km Jceptbr :+, Lrdemksetklm flr
Bjlmlakj Jl!lpbretklm emo Obvb`lpabmt
#Fkdurb ?-55 km Jceptbr ?+, Rmktbo Metklms
Bmvkrlmabmt rldreaab #_eg`b ?-:+, emo
Kmtbrmetklme` @eglur Lrdemkzetklm #_eg`b
?-? km Jceptbr ?+-
Ejimlw`bodbabkv
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@kst lf Glxbs, Fkdurbs, emo _eg`bs vk
Flrbwlro vkkk
Eggrbvketklms emo Ejrlmyas x
Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery xk
E Wbeobrs Dukob tl Mevkdetkmd tcb Jceptbrs xvkkk
5 ^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo 5
J`kaetb Jcemdb ^l`kjkbs kmtl ^rejtkjb
5-5 Kmtrloujtklm :
5-7 _cb Jlmjbpt emo Kapbretkvbmbss lf 2
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc5-: Kapejts emo Jl!gbmbstts lf 52
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
5-? Aejrlbjlmlakj Okabmsklms emo tcb 53
Fbeskgk`kty lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
5-2 Abesurkmd Eskes rldrbss km _eji`kmd J`kaetb 7;
Jcemdb emo Ejjb`bretkmd Drbbm Drlwtc
5-6 Jce``bmdbs lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc :?
km tcb Jlmtbxt lf Zljke` Kmj`usklm emo
Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm
7 _cb Eskem Wbmekssemjb emo @lw!Jerglm :4
Drbbm Drlwtc8 Jcemdkmd ^brjbptklms emotcb Zje`b lf tcb Jce``bmdbs
7-5 Eskem Wbmekssemjb emo Bjlmlakj Drlwtc :;
7-7 Frla Drlwtc tl Drbbm Drlwtc ?:
7-: Bvl`utklm emo Jlmvbrdbmjb lf Eskem brjbptklms 65
lm @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
7-? Babrdkmd l`kjy brspbjtkvbs emo 6;
Almktlrkmd Freabwlris
: _remsflraetklme` Ztretbdkbs, Metklme` 44
emo Zugmetklme` @bvb` Ejtklms8 ^rldrbss
emo Fkmokmds
:-5 Jcemdkmd J`kaetb, Jcemdkmd Bjlmlakbs 4;:-7 Jlumtry!@bvb` ^`bodbs emo _erdbts 3:
:-: ^l`kjkbs emo Abesurbs wktc Kap`kjetklms ;>
flr Bakssklms Wboujtklm
:-? Jrktkje` Bve`uetklm lf Ejtklms emo `bodbs 5>:
:-2 Jce``bmdbs flr Obvb`lpkmd Eske 5>4
:-6 Wl`b lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc Ztretbdkbs 55:
Jlmtbmts
:-4 Freabwlris emo Epprlejcbs tl Ob`kmbetb
Wleo Aeps tl e @lw!Jerglm Eske
:-3 Tey Flrwero8 @bsslms flr Zje`kmd Rp emo Zprbeok
@lw!Jerglm _remsflraetklm
:-; Wbjlmjk`kmd tcb Mbbos wktc Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm
? _remsktklm @bsslms8 Dlkmd Drbbm es e
Obvb`lpabmt Ztretbdy
?-5 Lpplrtumktkbs km Drbbm Drlwtc
?-7 Zljke` Kmj`usklm emo Bqukty
?-: Drbbm Hlgs
?-? Bxpemsklm lf Obaemo
?-2 Kmmlvetklm
?-6 Bmbrdy Zbjurkty
?-4 _lweros e Mbw ^l`kjy Epprlejc
2 Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm flr Zbkzkmd
tcb Lpplrtumktkbs
2-5 Zcerkmd emo @bermkmd frla Bejc Ltcbr
2-7 _cb Wl`b lf Frbb _reob km @lw!Jerglm
Dllos emo Zbrvkjbs2-: Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretklm lm Kmmlvetklm emo
_remsfbr km @lw!Jerglm Dllos emo Zbrvkjbs
2-? Bxtbmt lf Fumokmd Mbbos flr @lw!Jerglm
Drbbm Drlwtc
2-2 Em Lut`lli lm Jllpbretklm ^etcweys
6 Jlmj`usklms emo Wbjlaabmoetklms8
^l`kjy Kmmlvetklms flr e @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Eske
6-5 Jcemdkmd l`kjy brspbjtkvbs emo Ztretbdkj
^rklrktkbs flr J`kaetb Jcemdb Aktkdetklm
6-7 ^etcs flr Wekskmd tcb ^ejb lf @lw!Jerglm
Drbbm Drlwtc6-: Mbt Jlsts emo Zljke` Bagbookmds lf
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
6-? Jlmj`usklms
Wbfbrbmjbs emo Gkg`kldrepcy
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Glxbs
5-5 Ourgem `etflra, Wkl)7> Zuaakt, emo 55
Olce J`kaetb Detbwey
7-5 Hepems @lw!Jerglm Zljkbty Ztretbdy 22
7-7 _cb Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbes Drbbm Drlwtc Edbmoe 23
7-: Drbbm Drlwtc km Kmolmbske 2;
7-? _cb Jkrju`er Bjlmlay km tcb ^blp`bs 66
Wbpug`kj lf Jckme
7-2 Zmepsclts lf Kmokes @lw!Jerglm 64
Obvb`lpabmt Ztretbdy
7-6 Jeaglokes Drbbm Drlwtc Wleo Aep 64
7-4 Iezeicstems Esteme Drbbm Grkodb Kmktketkvb 63
7-3 Hepem Gemi flr Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretklm 42
Abesurbabmt, Wbplrtkmd, emo Vbrkstjetklm Zystba
:-5 Bmvkrlmabmte` Alob` Jkty emo Bjl!Futurb ;2
Jkty km Hepem
:-7 Jesb Ztuoy lf tcb Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbes _erdbt ;4
Aemedbabmt Zystba
:-: Jesb Ztuoy lf _liyls Bakssklms _reokmd Zystba ;;
:-? Alob`kmd lf E`tbrmetkvb Zjbmerkls km 5>?
Tlr`o Bmbrdy Lut`lli 7>55
:-2 Jepejkty Guk`okmd tl ^brflra Flrbst emo Jerglm 556
Kmvbmtlrkbs tcrludc WBOO)
?-5 Dreabbm Zceitk, Gemd`eobsc Jlaaumkty 57;
^ertkjkpetklm uskmd e Aeribt!Gesbo Epprlejc
?-7 Ckaejce` reobsc Ako!Ckae`eyem Tetbrscbo 5:>
Obvb`lpabmt rlhbjt, Kmoke?-: J`kaetb ertmbrsckp ^rldrea 5:5
?-? J`kaetb ertmbrsckp rldrea, blp`bs 5:7
Wbpug`kj lf Jckme
?-2 Aecetae Demock Metklme` Wure` Bap`lyabmt 5?7
Dueremtbb Ejt, Kmoke
?-6 Abesurbs tl Bqukp Obvb`lpkmd Jlumtrkbs wktc 525
tcb Zik``s flr Drbbm Drlwtc
?-4 Wbjlaabmoetklms flr Aktkdetkmd J`kaetb 526
Jcemdb emo Obvb`lpkmd Mbw Drlwtc Bmdkmbs
km tcb Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbe
?-3 Drbbm Drlwtc emo Muj`ber ^lwbr km Eske 562
2-5 Tcet Jem Jktkbs km Babrdkmd Eskem Bjlmlakbs 543@berm frla Zkmdeplrb lm Aktkdetklm
Erbe km @lw!Jerglm Dllos emo Zbrvkjbs
2-? Jrlss!Glrobr Lpplrtumktkbs8 Zae``!sje`b Gkldes `emts 5
umobr tcb JOA km Mbpe`
2-2 Jrlss!Jlumtry Lpplrtumktkbs8 lwbr Dbmbretklm 5
2-6 Gk`etbre` Lffsbt Jrbokt Abjcemksa8 Em Lvbrvkbw 5
2-4 E Zujjbssfu` ^ug`kj^rkvetb ^ertmbrsckp ^rlhbjt flr 7
J`kaetb Jcemdb Aktkdetklm
6-5 Wbdklme` @bvb` Ejtklms flr Ejjb`bretkmd 7
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km Eske
Fkdurbs
5-5 Bmbrdy emo Cuaem Obvb`lpabmt
5-7 JL7 Bakssklm emo Wbslurjb Jlmsuaptklm
km Eske, 7>>;
5-: J`kaetb Jcemdb, lvbrty, emo Obvb`lpabmt Mbxus
5-? Wbdklme` Bakssklms, 7>>; emo 7>:2
5-2 Obvb`lpabmte` Ok`baae lf tcb Babrdkmd
Eskem Bjlmlakbs
5-6 Bakssklm Tbodbs
5-4 Eme`ytkje` Abtclos emo Ztrujturb lf tcb Glli
5-3 JL7 Kmtbmskty lf Drlss Olabstkj rloujt
5-; Zljkl!Bjlmlay lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Kmtbrvbmtklm7-5 Ejjbss tl Geskj Mbbos km 7>5>
7-7 Rmfl`okmd lf Wbmekssemjb JL7 Bakssklms
emo Drlss Olabstkj rloujt
7-: Iby Kmokjetlrs lf Jerglm Bakssklms km Eske
emo tcb ^ejkstj, 5;3>7>>3
7-? Objlaplsktklm lf JL7 Bakssklms km Eske emo
tcb ^ejkstj, 5;3>7>>3
7-2 ^rloujtklm!gesbo JL7 ^rloujtkvkty, 5;;>7>>>
7-6 ^rloujtklm!gesbo JL7 ^rloujtkvkty, 7>>>7>>3
7-4 Obaemo!gesbo JL7 ^rloujtkvkty, 5;;>7>>>
7-3 Obaemo!gesbo JL7 ^rloujtkvkty, 7>>>7>>3
7-; Freabwlri Jlmj`uobo et tcb 54tc Jlmfbrbmjblf tcb ertkbs km Ourgem
7-5> @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
7-55 Kmokjetlrs Freabwlri
:-5 Drlss Olabstkj rloujt lf Aehlr Eskem
Bjlmlakbs, 7>>57>55
:-7 Bmbrdy Jlmsuaptklm km Aehlr Eskem Bjlmlakbs,
7>>57>>;
:-: Bakssklm rlst`bs flr tcb ^blp`bs Wbpug`kj 5
lf Jckme emo Kmoke
:-? Eskes Aktkdetklm Bfflrts Mbbo Mbw l`kjkbs 5
?-5 @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc Obvb`lpabmt Ztretbdy 5
?-7 Okstrkgutklm lf ^lpu`etklm wktclut B`bjtrkjkty, 7>>3 5?-: ^rlplrtklm lf Wure` emo Rrgem lpu`etklm 5
wktc B`bjtrkjkty km Eske
?-? ^lpu`etklm Wb`ykmd lm Zl`ko Fub`s flr Jllikmd, 7>>4 5
?-2 Evbredb Emmue` Obflrbstetklm Wetbs, 5
5;;>7>>> emo 7>>>7>5>
?-6 ^rbperkmd tcb Drlumo flr tcb Jrbetklm lf Drbbm Hlgs 5
@kst lf Glxbs, Fkdurbs,emo _eg`bs
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?-4 Wb`etkvb ^brflraemjb km Wbeokmbss flr Drbbm Hlg 5?6
Jrbetklm
?-3 ^rlhbjtklms lf @eglr Flrjb Drlwtc8 Jcemdb km 5?;
Tlrikmd ^lpu`etklm Edbo 526?, 7>5>7>72
?-; Fksje` Ztkau`us Zpbmokmd `ems #es lf Hu`y 7>>;+ 52?
?-5> Tlr`o Wbsberjc emo Obvb`lpabmt Zpbmokmd, 7>5> 52;
?-55 _lte` Wbsberjc emo Obvb`lpabmt Zpbmokmd 56>
Wb`etkvb tl Drlss Olabstkj ^rloujt ealmd Aehlr
D`lge` Bjlmlakbs ^ug`kj, rkvetb, emo Mlmprlstt
?-57 Bmbrdy Kaplrt Obpbmobmjy km Babrdkmd Eske 56?
?-5: Muj`ber Bmbrdy Jlmsuaptklm km Eske emo 566
tcb ejkstj emo tcb Tlr`o
?-5? Muj`ber Bmbrdy Jlmsuaptklm km Eske emo 564
tcb ^ejkstj
2-5 ^ltbmtke` tl Wboujb Bakssklms gy Aehlr Eskem 542
Jlumtrkbs, Rmktbo Ztetbs, emo Wusskem Fbobretklm
2-7 Evbredb _erkff lf @lw!Jerglm Dllos emo 536
Zbrvkjbs Jetbdlrkbs
2-: Eooktklme` Kmvbstabmt Mbbobo flr Bakssklm 5;4
Wboujtklm gy 7>:>
2-? EOGs J`bem Bmbrdy _erdbts 7>72-2 J`bem Bmbrdy Kmvbstabmt _ypbs emo F`lws, 7>>3 7>?
6-5 Muagbr lf Iby l`kjy Kmktketkvbs emo @lw!Jerglm 757
Ejtklms _eibm gy Zb`bjtbo Eskem Jlumtrkbs
6-7 Oymeakj Au`tk`bvb` Jllpbretklm Freabwlri flr 75;
Ejjb`bretkmd @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
_eg`bs
5-5 Vl`umtery `bodbs aeob km Jlpbmcedbm tcrludc 5>
Metklme` y Epprlprketb Aktkdetklm Ejtklms
5-7 Jurrbmt emo rlhbjtbo Bakssklm _rbmos lf Eske 5:
5-: Zbjtlre` Ztretbdkbs emo Tbodbs Wb`etkvb tl 75
5? Dt lf JL7 Bqukve`bmt pbr [ber5-? Tlr`o Aeribt flr Bmvkrlmabmte` Dllos emo 7:
Zbrvkjbs Evbredb Emmue` Wetb lf Drlwtc,
7>>?7>5>8 Ckdc emo @lw Drlwtc Bstkaetbs
5-2 Jlst lf Ejckbvkmd ?2> ^erts pbr Ak``klm JL7 gy 7>2> 73
5-6 ^l`kjkbs tcet rlaltb @lw!Jerglm Bmbrdy :7
_remsktklms km Zb`bjtbo Jlumtrkbs lf Eske
7-5 ^rlhbjtklms lf Drlss Olabstkj ^rloujt Drlwtc lf ?>
Eskem Bjlmlakbs, 7>:> #et 7>5> jlmstemt prkjbs+
7-7 ^est emo rlhbjtbo Bmbrdy Obaemo #Wbfbrbmjb ?6
Zjbmerkl+ emo JL7 Bakssklms
7-: Wbqukrbo Drbbmclusb Des Wboujtklm Wetkl ?6
Jlaperbo wktc 7>>2 @bvb`7-? Iby @lw!Jerglm _bjcml`ldkbs tcet cevb Tkobsprbeo ?;
^rejtkje` Kmtrloujtklm emo Bxpemsklm cesbs
7-2 Rmobrstemokmd Flur Okabmsklms lf @lw!Jerglm 26
Drbbm Fkmemjb
7-6 Bmbrdy Kmtbmskty emo Erbes lf ^ltbmtke` Aktkdetklm 24
7-4 Bxeap`bs lf Bakssklms Wboujtklm _erdbts 6>
7-3 Jlmvbrdkmd ^brspbjtkvbs lm @lw!Jerglm
Drbbm Drlwtc
7-; Ak``bmmkua Obvb`lpabmt Dle`s emo tcbkr
Lvbr`eps wktc J`kaetb Jcemdb Kssubs
7-5> Zb`bjtbo Kmokjetlrs flr Abesurkmd rldrbss km
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
:-5 Jlaperkslm lf Geskj Kmokjetlrs ejrlss Jlumtrkbs
:-7 J`kaetb Jcemdb Aktkdetklm _erdbts flr
Aehlr Eskem Bjlmlakbs
:-: Jlaperkslm lf tcb Jurrbmt Epp`kjetklm lf
Verklus Kmstruabmts km Bejc lf tcb Ztuoy Jlumtrkbs
:-? Bxeap`bs lf Mbw Aeribt Abjcemksas km Eske
:-2 ^ug`kj ^l`kjy Abjcemksas flr Zupplrtkmd
@lw!Jerglm Kmmlvetklms
:-6 E Zuaaery lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc l`kjkbs
emo Abesurbs rejtkjbo lr rlplsbo gy
Babrdkmd Bjlmlakbs km Eske
:-4 Jce``bmdbs km Abbtkmd `emmbo _erdbts km _cek`emo
:-3 Jlaplmbmts lf Dlvbrmabmt Zpbmokmd,
Bakssklms, emo ug`kj Obgt
?-5 Bjlmlakbs Alst Vu`mbreg`b tl Tbetcbr Kapejtstl 7>52
?-7 Obetcs Ettrkguteg`b tl Zl`ko Fub` Rsb
?-: Lpplrtumktkbs flr Hlg Jrbetklm frla Drbbm l`kjkbs
?-? Wbdklme` Rmbap`lyabmt Wetb Bstkaetbs
?-2 Zcerb lf Bap`lyabmt Obbabo Vu`mbreg`b
?-6 Zcerbs lf Bap`lyabmt gy Grleo Zbjtlr
?-4 ^rlhbjtklms lf Bap`lyabmt Bffbjts lf tcb Wbpug`kj
lf Ilrbes Drbbm Fksje` Ztkau`us
?-3 _cb @beokmd Jlumtrkbs flr Drbbm Kmvbmtklms
ejjlrokmd tl etbmt Oete
?-; @lw!Jerglm l`kjkbs km Eske
?-5> Muj`ber B`bjtrkjkty!Dbmbretkmd Jepejkty 7>57?-55 Iby l`kjy Ejtklms Wbqukrbo
2-5 Flrbkdm Wbsbrvbs lf Zb`bjtbo Jlumtrkbs
2-7 ^ltbmtke` Bxplrts lf @lw!Jerglm Dllos emo
Zbrvkjbs umobr Okffbrbmt Zjbmerkls
2-: Kmtb``bjtue` ^rlpbrty Wkdcts Wbdkabs emo @lw!Jergl
Kmoustry ^l`kjkbs km Zb`bjtbo Eskem Jlumtrkbs
2-? Iby EOG Fumokmd Abjcemksas flr
Bmvkrlmabmte` rlhbjts
6-5 J`esskstjetklm lf J`kaetb Jcemdb
Aktkdetklm Kmstruabmts
6-7 ^ug`kj ^l`kjy Abjcemksas flr Zupplrtkmd
@lw!Jerglm Kmmlvetklms6-: Kmtb``bjtue` ^rlpbrty Wkdcts Wbdkabs emo
@lw!Jerglm Kmoustry l`kjkbs km Zb`bjtbo
Eskem Jlumtrkbs
6-? Zbjtlr!Zpbjkstj ^l`kjy Ejtklms flr Ejckbvkmd
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km Babrdkmd
Eskem Bjlmlakbs
@kst lf Glxbs, Fkdurbs, emo _eg`bs
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_cb bxpbrkbmjbs lf tcbsb emo ltcbr jlumtrkb
jem gb sje`bo up, rbp`kjetbo, emo eoeptbo tl
jlmoktklms km ltcbr jlumtrkbs ejrlss Eske emo tcb
^ejkstj rbdklm- _eibm tldbtcbr, wb cevb eap`b
rbeslm tl gb plsktkvb, jlmstobmt, emo jluredblus-
_cks EOG!EOGK stuoy, J`kaetb Jcemdb emo Drbbm
Eske, scbos kdct lm tcb bxpbrkbmjbs emo bsslms lfEskem bjlmlakbs- Km tcb stuoy, tcb `lw!jerglm drb
drlwtc pl`kjkbs emo prejtkjbs lf Eskem jlumtrkbs
erb rbvkbwbo emo essbssbo, emo pl`kjy deps emo
mbw lpplrtumktkbs flr `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc
erb kobmtkstbo- Tktc kmput frla pl`kjyaeibrs emo
52 prlakmbmt rbdklme` tckmi temis, tcb stuoy wk``
cb`p tl flrdb e rbdklme` pbrspbjtkvb lm lw!jerglm
drbbm drlwtc jce``bmdbs, lptklms, emo kssubs-
Km kdct lf ejjb`bretkmd bmvkrlmabmte`
obdreoetklm emo tcb drlwkmd tcrbet lf j`kaetb
jcemdb, eagktklus pl`kjkbs et tcb metklme` `bvb`
emo e sckft frla tcb guskmbss es usue` akmosbt erb
mbbobo- Km tcks rbdero, tcks stuoy prlplsbs tcrbb
iby plkmts lf ejtklm-
Fkrst, tcbrb ks e mbbo flr j`ber lmd!tbra pl`k
freabwlris tcet put e prkjb lm jerglm emo ltcbr
bmvkrlmabmte` bxtbrme`ktkbs wck`b pceskmd lut
sugskokbs tl jerglm emo rbslurjb kmtbmskvb sbjtlrs
_cks wk`` sbmo tcb rkdct aeribt skdme`s emo cb`pspbbo tcb obvb`lpabmt emo upteib lf lw!jerglm
emo rbslurjb!bfstjkbmt tbjcml`ldkbs-
Zbjlmo, strlmdbr rbdklme` jllpbretklm ks
mbbobo tl bffbjtkvb`y scerb imlw`bodb emo prlal
Zlutc!Zlutc pl`kjy oke`ldub, emo tl jllrokmetb
ejtklm beokmd tl tcb jrbetklm lf rbdklme` pug`kj
dllos sujc es rbdklme` jerglm aeribts, hlkmt W&O
bfflrts, emo tbjcml`ldy jllpbretklm-
Eske ks et jrlssrleos- Tck`b tcb rbdklm ks
bxpbrkbmjkmd aujc festbr bjlmlakj drlwtc emo
plvbrty rboujtklm tcem tcb wlr`o evbredb, tldbtcbr
wktc ltcbr wlr`o rbdklms kt ks jlmsuakmd alrb
bmbrdy emo meture` rbslurjbs tcem lur p`embts
rbdbmbretkvb jepejkty jem prlvkob- Tktc bejc
pesskmd oey, Eskes jerglm bakssklms drlw, es olbs
kts vu`mbregk`kty tl j`kaetb rksis- _cb pllr erb tcb
alst vu`mbreg`b tl tcbsb oksruptklms, ejikmd
lptklms tl eoept tl jcemdkmd j`kaetkj jlmoktklms-
Eske ks gbdkmmkmd tl cbbo tcb abssedb tcet
kt aust alvb lmtl e `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc
petc- Aemy babrdkmd bjlmlakbs erb eolptkmd e
obvb`lpabmt alob` gesbo lm jlapbtktkvb drbbm
kmoustrkbs emo drbbm tbjcml`ldkbs- _cb blp`bs
Wbpug`kj lf Jckme, flr bxeap`b, ces gbjlab tcb
wlr`os tlp kmste``br lf wkmo turgkmbs emo sl`er
tcbrae` systbas- Kmoke ks bxpemokmd gklfub`s, sl`er,emo ltcbr flras lf lw!jerglm bmbrdy tcrludc tcb
usb lf rbmbweg`b bmbrdy jbrtkstjetbs- Abemwck`b,
Kmolmbske ks ejtkvb km bmcemjbabmt lf flrbst jerglm
stljis tcrludc jlmsbrvetklm emo ltcbr jlumtrkbs
cevb bsteg`kscbo terdbts lm juttkmd jerglm
bakssklms-
Flrbwlro
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Emo tckro, kmvbstabmt aust gb sje`bo up-
Algk`kzetklm lf tcb prkvetb sbjtlr, kmj`uokmd tcrludc
pug`kjprkvetb pertmbrsckps, ks jrujke` tl tcb
stmemjkmd lf `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc kmktketkvbs-
Es tcb au`tk`etbre` gemi lf tcb Eske emo ^ejkstj
rbdklm, EOG ks cb`pkmd kts obvb`lpkmd abagbr
jlumtrkbs tl ejjbss emo sje`b up stmemjkmd tl jrbetbkmj`uskvb emo sustekmeg`b drlwtc- Km `bss tcem e
objeob, EOGs emmue` j`bem bmbrdy kmvbstabmt
kmjrbesbo mber`y bkdctfl`o, frla /776 ak``klm km
7>>: tl /5-; gk``klm km 7>57- _crludc kts verklus
fumokmd wkmolws emo tbjcmkje` esskstemjb fejk`ktkbs,
EOG e`sl prlvkobs supplrt tl lw!jerglm prlhbjts km
e remdb lf ltcbr sbjtlrs, kmj`uokmd tremsplrt, westb
aemedbabmt, emo edrkju`turb-
Eskes eolptklm lf e `lw!jerglm drbbm
drlwtc petc ks alrb tcem e j`kaetb rbsplmsb-Kt obe`s squerb`y wktc tcb trkp`b glttla kmb lf
ejckbvkmd fevlreg`b bjlmlakj, bmvkrlmabmte`,
emo sljke` lutjlabs tcrludc pl`kjkbs flr kmj`uskvb
emo sustekmeg`b drlwtc- K clpb tcks glli wk`` dkvb
bmjluredbabmt tl prejtktklmbrs km tcb rbdklm wcl
erb jlmskobrkmd emo bve uetkmd jlmjrbtb pl`kjy
lptklms emo sbrvb es e ve`ueg`b rbslurjb flr tclsb
sbbikmd e jlaprbcbmskvb lvbrvkbw lf `lw!jerglm,
drbbm drlwtc kmktketkvbs km Eske emo tcb ^ejkstjrbdklm emo lf tcb lptklms dlkmd flrwero-
Ceruckil Iurloe
^rbskobmt
Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi
:5 Hemuery 7>5:
Flrbwlro
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EOG Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi
EOGK Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi Kmstktutb
E^BJ Eske!^ejkstj Bjlmlakj Jllpbretklm
EZBEM Essljketklm lf Zlutcbest Eskem Metklms
GKAZ_BJ Gemd`eobsc, Kmoke, Ayemaer, Zrk @emie
emo _cek`emo Bjlmlakj Jllpbretklm
GLJA gk`etbre` lffsbt jrbokt abjcemksa
JEWBJ Jbmtre` Eske Wbdklme` Bjlmlakj Jllpbretklm
JJZ jerglm jepturb emo stlredb
JOA J`bem Obvb`lpabmt Abjcemksa
JBW jbrtkstbo bakssklm rboujtklm
JMD jlaprbssbo meture` des
JL7
jerglm oklxkob
JL^ Jlmfbrbmjb lf tcb ertkbs
J^: J`kaetb ug`kj rkvetb ertmbrsckp
OFKO Obpertabmt flr Kmtbrmetklme` Obvb`lpabmt
lf tcb Rmktbo Ikmdola
BR Burlpbem Rmklm
B_Z Bakssklm _reokmd Zjcbab
FEL Fllo emo Edrkju`turb Lrdemkzetklm
lf tcb Rmktbo Metklms
FOK flrbkdm okrbjt kmvbstabmtFKJJK Fbobretklm lf Kmokem Jceagbrs lf Jlaabrjb
emo Kmoustry
FK_ fbbo!km terkff
F_E frbb treob edrbbabmt
DO^ drlss olabstkj prloujt
DBF D`lge` Bmvkrlmabmt Fejk`kty
DDDK D`lge` Drbbm Drlwtc Kmstktutb
DCD drbbmclusb des
DAZ Drbetbr Abilmd Zugrbdklm
DM^ drlss metklme` prloujt
DW_ dbmbretklm rkdcts treokmd
KBE Kmtbrmetklme` Bmbrdy EdbmjyK@L Kmtbrmetklme` @eglur Lrdemkzetklm
K^JJ Kmtbrdlvbrmabmte` emb` lm J`kaetb Jcemdb
K^W kmtb``bjtue` prlpbrty rkdcts
HGKJ Hepem Gemi flr Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretklm
@JDZ `lw!jerglm dllos emo sbrvkjbs
@^D `kqubstbo pbtrl`bua des
AOD Ak``bmmkua Obvb`lpabmt Dle`
AWV abesurbabmt, rbplrtkmd, emo vbrkstjetklm
AZABs akjrl, sae``, emo abokua!skzbo bmtbrprksbs
MEAE metklme``y epprlprketb aktkdetklm ejtklm
M7L mktrlus lxkob
LOE lfstjke` obvb`lpabmt esskstemjb
LBJO Lrdemksetklm flr Bjlmlakj Jl!lpbretklm
emo Obvb`lpabmt
^E_ pbrflra, ejckbvb emo treob
^^^ pug`kj!prkvetb pertmbrsckp
^WJ ^blp`bs Wbpug`kj lf Jckme
^V pcltlvl`tekj
W&O rbsberjc emo obvb`lpabmt
WBJ rbmbweg`b bmbrdy jbrtkstjetb
WBOO rboujkmd bakssklms frla obflrbstetklm
emo obdreoetklm
W^Z rbmbweg`b plrtfl`kl stemoero
ZEEWJ Zlutc Eskem Essljketklm flr Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm
ZABs sae`` emo abokua!skzbo bmtbrprksbs
_BWK _cb Bmbrdy emo Wbslurjbs Kmstktutb
_WK^Z treob!rb`etbo espbjts lf kmtb``bjtue` prlpbrty rkdcRI Rmktbo Ikmdola
RM Rmktbo Metklms
RMJLA_WEOB
Rmktbo Metklms Jlaalokty _reob Ztetkstkjs
RMJ_EO Rmktbo Metklms Jlmfbrbmjb lm _reob
emo Obvb`lpabmt
RMO^ Rmktbo Metklms Obvb`lpabmt rldreaab
RMB^ Rmktbo Metklms Bmvkrlmabmt rldreaab
RMBZJE^ Rmktbo Metklms Bjlmlakj emo Zljke` Jlaakssklm
flr Eske emo tcb ejkstj
RMFJJJ Rmktbo Metklms Freabwlri Jlmvbmtklm lm
J`kaetb JcemdbRZ Rmktbo Ztetbs
TCL Tlr`o Cbe`tc Lrdemkzetklm
TKW Tlr`o Kmvbstabmt Wbplrts
TK_Z Tlr`o Kmtbdretbo _reob Zl`utklm
T_L Tlr`o _reob Lrdemkzetklm
Eggrbvketklms emo Ejrlmyas
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Wlgust bjlmlakj drlwtc ks kftkmd ak``klms lf
pblp`b lut lf plvbrty km Eske, gut ks e`sl orkvkmd
rbslurjb emo bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm tl umsustekmeg`b
`bvb`s- J`kaetb jcemdb bxejbrgetbs tcb jce``bmdbs
lf drlwtc emo obvb`lpabmt- _cb obvb`lpkmd
bjlmlakbs lf Eske erb ckdc`y vu`mbreg`b tl
jcemdkmd j`kaetb- E werakmd lf 7J wlu`o `beo tl
`lssbs km ckdc!kmjlab jlumtrkbs emo e d`lge` lss lf
eglut 5" tl 7" lf drlss olabstkj prloujt #DO^+, gut
Eskes akoo`b! emo `lw!kmjlab jlumtrkbs jlu`o `lsb
es aujc es 6" lf DO^- J`kaetb jcemdb ks cerakmd
aemy bjlmlakbs km tcb rbdklm, okvbrtkmd rbslurjbs
frla obvb`lpabmt prldreas, emo aeikmd kt alrb
okfstju`t flr pblp`b tl bsjepb plvbrty-
Eske ejjlumts flr eglut ?>" lf d`lge`
drbbmclusb des #DCD+ bakssklms emo tcks scerb wk``
rksb tl e`alst 2>" gy 7>:> km e guskmbss!es!usue`
sjbmerkl- [bt slab 62> ak``klm pblp`b km Eske `ejiejjbss tl j`bem fub`s flr jllikmd emo cbetkmd, emo
ak``klms alrb `eji b`bjtrkjkty- Clwbvbr, obvb`lpkmd
jlumtrkbs jemmlt skap`y fl``lw tcb jerglm
kmtbmskvb obvb`lpabmt petc teibm gy kmoustrke`kzbo
jlumtrkbs- Kt ks bstkaetbo tcet, gy 7>2>, 64" lf tcb
pblp`b km Eske wk`` kvb km jktkbs- _cks kmjrbeskmd
urgemkzetklm wk`` rbqukrb e aesskvb bxpemsklm km
tremsplrtetklm kmfrestrujturb, urgem obvb`lpabmt,
bmbrdy prloujtklm, emo edrkju`ture` lutput- _cks ks e
flrjbfu` rbakmobr tcet stmokmd `lw!jerglm sl`utklms
flr Eske ks mbktcbr e uxury prlg`ba mlr e j`kaetb
prlg`ba- Kt ks flrbalst e rbe`kty tcet wk`` rbqukrb e
mbw obvb`lpabmt pereokda-
@lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc ks em evbmub
tlwero obvb`lpabmt tcet objlup`bs bjlmlakj
drlwtc frla jerglm bakssklms, pl``utklm, emo
rbslurjb usb, emo prlaltbs drlwtc tcrludc tc
jrbetklm lf mbw bmvkrlmabmt!frkbmo`y prloujt
kmoustrkbs, emo guskmbss alob`s tcet e`sl kapr
que`kty lf `kfb- _cus, lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc b#k+ uskmd `bss bmbrdy, kaprlvkmd tcb bfstjkbmjy
wktc wckjc rbslurjbs erb usbo, emo alvkmd tl
`lw!jerglm bmbrdy slurjbs, #kk+ prltbjtkmd emo
prlaltkmd tcb sustekmeg`b usb lf meture` rbsl
sujc es flrbsts emo pbet emos, #kkk+ obskdmkmd
emo okssbakmetkmd lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldkbs e
guskmbss alob`s tl rbkmvkdlretb lje` bjlmla
emo #kv+ kap`babmtkmd pl`kjkbs emo kmjbmtkvbs
tcet oksjluredb jerglm kmtbmskvb prejtkjbs-
Clw j`lsb erb tcb babrdkmd bjlmlakbs
lf Eske tl turmkmd tcbkr espkretklms flr e mbw
obvb`lpabmt pereokda kmtl e rbe`kty< Tcet p
kmstktutklms, emo stmemjke` fejtlrs ejjb`bretb lr
kmckgkt e sckft tl rbslurjb!bfstjkbmt drbbm drlw
Tcet ks tcb pltbmtke` flr tcb prkvetb sbjtlr,
tbjcml`ldy, stmemjkmd, emo rbdklme` jllpbretkl
gbjlab orkvbrs flr futurb bjlmlakj drlwtc< _
glli ekas tl emswbr tcbsb qubstklms gy rbvkbw
tcb `lw!jerglm pl`kjy kmktketkvbs teibm gy Eskejlumtrkbs et tcb metklme`, sbjtlre`, emo `lje` `bv
wck`b essbsskmd tcb ejckbvbabmts, kobmtkfykmd
deps, emo bxeakmkmd mbw lpplrtumktkbs flr `lw
jerglm drbbm drlwtc- _cb dle` lf tcks stuoy ks
scerb tcb bxpbrkbmjbs emo bsslms lf sbvbre` E
jlumtrkbs wktc ltcbr obvb`lpkmd metklms emo a
rbjlaabmoetklms flr ejtklms gy tcb jlumtrkbs
tcb rbdklm, wck`b obbpbmkmd tcb ejtklms lf beo
bjlmlakbs- _cks glli ks gesbo lm tcb rbjldmkt
tcet gbmbstts frla lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc e
em kapbretkvb, mlt e `uxury, flr obvb`lpkmd Esk
Eske aust e`sl stmo em emswbr tl tcb alumtkm
kmtbrmetklme` jlapbtktklm flr rbslurjbsbmbr
rew aetbrke`s, wetbr, emo fbrtk`b edrkju`ture` `e
tcet wk`` olakmetb tcb jlakmd objeobs-
Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery
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Jcemdkmd brspbjtkvbs, Jlmvbrdkmd l`kjkbs,
emo _remsflraetklm Ztretbdkbs
Lm tcb alvb tlwero `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc, e
drbet obe` ks ceppbmkmd km Eske- Jlaperbo tl tcb
bjlmlakbs lf ltcbr rbdklms, Eske ces tcb ckdcbst
retb lf pl`kjy kmmlvetklms emo jlaaktabmts tl
`lw!jerglm bjlmlakj obvb`lpabmt- Aemy jlumtrkbslf tcb rbdklm cevb kmjlrplretbo `lw!jerglm drlwtc
jlaplmbmts km tcbkr metklme` obvb`lpabmt p`ems tl
ettekm e gbttbr ge`emjb gbtwbbm tcb bmvkrlmabmt,
tcb bjlmlay, emo sljke` wb`ferb- Cbevk`y obpbmobmt
lm kaplrtbo rbslurjbs emo bmbrdy, tcb babrdkmd
bjlmlakbs lf Eske cevb gbbm pursukmd e mbw, `lw
jerglm obvb`lpabmt pereokda tcet ks kaprlvkmd
kmoustrke` jlapbtktkvbmbss emo sbrvkmd gurdblmkm
drbbm tbjcml`ldy aeribts- _cb blp`bs Wbpug`kj
lf Jckme, Kmoke, emo Kmolmbske, flr bxeap`b, erb
gbjlakmd aeribt beobrs km e verkbty lf `lw!jergl
tbjcml`ldkbs sujc es wkmo turgkmbs, sl`er jb``s,b`bjtrkj vbckj`bs, emo gklfub`s, ealmd ltcbrs-
Dkvbm tcb drbet pltbmtke` lf rbmbweg`b
bmbrdy slurjbs emo bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy km alst
Eskem jlumtrkbs, fbbo!km terkffs #FK_s+ emo rbmbweg
bmbrdy plrtfl`kl stemoeros jlu`o sbrvb tl ettrejt
Bxbjutkvb Zuaaxkk
Bmbrdy
Zbbi jlst!bffbjtkvb,
aeribt!gesbo sl`utklms
flr tcb upteib lf bxkstkmd
tbjcml`ldkbs
Kmvbst km rboujkmd tcb jlst
lf bxkstkmd lw!jerglm
tbjcml`ldkbs sujc es sl`er,
wkmo, emo gkl!bmbrdy-
Jlmtkmub tl fljus lm
`lwbrkmd bmbrdy kmtbmskty
emo kaprlvkmd jerglm
prloujtkvkty gy jcemdkmd
tcb bmbrdy akx ewey frla
em lvbr!rb`kemjb lm flssk`
fub`s-
Dreoue``y rbalvb flssk`
fub` sugskokbs, kmtrloujb
trub bmbrdy prkjkmd, emo
prlaltb abjcemksas sujc
es FK_s emo rbmbweg`b
plrtfl`kl stemoeros #W^Z+ ^rldrbsskvb`y eabmo
`ews km lrobr tl sje`b
up rbmbweg`b bmbrdy km
e jlapbtktkvb aeribt
olakmetbo gy flssk` fub`s
Bmbrdy Bfstjkbmjy
Kaprlvb bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy
tcrludc e jlagkmetklm lf
rbdu`etklms emo aeribt!
gesbo kmstruabmts
@eumjc tlp!rummbr
prldreas flr kmoustrke`
tbjcml`ldkbs emo b`bjtrkje`
epp`kemjbs
Bxpemo bmbrdy sevkmd
`egb`kmd prldreas emo
gbdkm tl tbst jerglm
`egb`kmd prldreas
Obvb`lp e fljusbo emo
wb``!pejiedbo rbdu`etlry
systba flr sae`` emo
abokua!skzbo bmtbrprksbs
#ZABs+ tcet kmtbdretbs
bfstjkbmjy stemoeros emo
terdbts gy esskstkmd wktc
jlap`kemjb abjcemksas,
kmj`uokmd prlvkokmd fumosemo aetjckmd dremts wktc
dle`s
Obvb`lp sbjtlre`
dukob`kmbs emo trekmkmd tl
ejckbvb bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy
stemoeros
_remsplrt
Obvb`lp mbw rbdu`etklms,
pl`kjkbs, emo stmemjkmd
abjcemksas tl e`tbr jurrbm
bbt drlwtc pettbrms
Kmtrloujb mbw
pbrflraemjb!gesbo
terdbts emo kmjbmtkvb
systbas, sujc es tex
bxbaptklm flr lw!jergl
vbckj`bs flr tcb tremsplr
sbjtlr
^rldrbsskvb y kaprlvb
tcb fub` bfstjkbmjy emo
pl``utklm stemoeros flr
pessbmdbr jers emo kdct
outy vbckj`bs
Kmtrloujb rbtek` se`bs lf
gklfub`s sujc es btceml
urgem emo rure` aeribts
Obvb`lp e jlmskstbmt
freabwlri flr kmtbdretkmbxtbrme`ktkbs sujc es lj
ekr pl``utklm emo usb tl
prlaltb bfstjkbmt emo
sbea`bss au`tkaloe`
tremsplrt systbas
Metklme` @bvb` Zbjtlr
Zpbjkstj ^l`kjy Ejtklms
flr Ejjb`bretkmd @lw!
Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
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Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery
kmvbstabmt emo prlaltb e metklme` bmbrdy
tremsktklm- Ltcbr pl`kjy kmmlvetklms km kmoustry,
tremsplrtetklm, emo urgem sbjtlrs erb e`sl aeikmd
`lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldkbs efflroeg`b flr aemy
akoo`b! emo `lw!kmjlab jlumtrkbs- Eskes pl`kjy
bxpbrkbmjbs emo espkretklms km teji`kmd j`kaetb
jcemdb tcrludc au`tk!sbjtlre`, au`tk!`bvb`epprlejcbs sclw tcet tcbrb erb jl!gbmbstts frla
tcbsb epprlejcbs km tcb sclrt tbra, es wb`` es tcb
abokua tl lmd tbra- _cb teg`b gb`lw suaaerkzbs
ejtklms slab jlumtrkbs erb teikmd tcet jlu`o gb
rl``bo lut ejrlss tcb rbdklm-
Eskes bxpbrkbmjbs ejrlss okffbrbmt sbjtl
sclw tcet tbjcml`ldkje` kmmlvetklm flr kmjrbe
rbslurjb bfstjkbmjy ks e jete`yst flr jcemdb- _l
bmjluredb tcks jcemdb, dlvbrmabmts sclu`o r
tcb jlst lf tbjcml`ldkbs, supplrt W&O, emo kap
boujetklm tl dbmbretb `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwt
jlmqubr tcb jlst gerrkbr lf mbw tbjcml`ldkbs, Eskem dlvbrmabmts emo kmoustrkbs cevb jllpb
sujjbssfu``y km dbmbretkmd e autue` y rbkmflrj
jyj`b lf aeribt bxpemsklm emo jlst rboujtklm-
ces mlt lm`y rbsu`tbo km erdb!sje`b obp`lyabm
`lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldkbs gut e`sl ces prlvkobo
Edrkju`turb & Flrbstry
Kobmtkfy emo kap`babmt tcb
kaaboketb ejtklms mbbobo tl
rbstlrb jerglm skmis
Kmtrloujb mbw aeribt!
gesbo kmjbmtkvbs flr
rbstlrkmd obdreobo
flrbsts emo prlvkokmd rure`
bap`lyabmt
Kmjrbesb kmspbjtklm
jepejkty emo tkdctbm
pbme`tkbs flr k``bde` lddkmd
Zje`b up pk`lt sjcbabs flr
bmcemjkmd jerglm stlji
sujc es emo sbqubstretklm
emo rboujtklm lf wetbr emo
fbrtk`kzbr usb
Bxtbmo ewerbmbss lf
aeribt!gesbo kmstruabmts
tl ksl`etbo jlaaumktkbs
emo pllr ferabrs
Rrgem Zbjtlr Abesurbs
Zje`b up jllrokmetbo pl`kjkbs
flr emo usb p`emmkmd, urgem
kmfrestrujturb, emo stmemjb
Jcemdb rbdu`etklms emo
stemoeros km guk`okmds tcet
`beo tl tcb kmbfstjkbmt usb
lf bmbrdy emo aetbrke`s-
^k`lt aeribt!gesbo
abjcemksas sujc es
jerglm prkjkmd emo jep
emo treob tl bmjluredb
tcb bfstjkbmt usb lf pug`kj
rbslurjbs
Bmjluredb emo prlvkob
eovkjb lm lw!jerglm
`kfbsty`b jclkjbs emo
abmtlrkmd prldreas flr
mbkdcglrcllos
Wbalvb gerrkbrs tl
aess tremskt mbtwlris,
kaprlvkmd kmtbr!aloe`kty lftremsplrt emo urgem frbkdct
sl`utklms, btj-
Kmoustry & _reob
Jrbetb jlapbtktkvb aeribts
fljusbo lm ckdc ve`ub eoobo,
`lw!jerglm prloujts emo
sbrvkjbs
Kmtbdretb lw!jerglm
terdbts emo lghbjtkvbs
kmtl jbmtre` emo lje` bvb`
kmoustrke` pl`kjy
@kmi kmoustrke` prlaltklm
kmjbmtkvbs emo prkvetb
sbjtlr kmmlvetklms tl
jerglm pbrflraemjb
Wboujb tcb terkff retb flr
`lw!jerglm bmvkrlmabmte`
dllos emo sbrvkjbs emo
strbmdtcbm kmtb``bjtue`
prlpbrty rbdkabs
^rlvkob kmflraetklm emo
trekmkmd lm bxkstkmd emo
babrdkmd tbjcml`ldkbs,
aemedbabmt prejtkjbs,emo rb`etbo drbbm guskmbss
lpplrtumktkbs evek`eg`b
kmtbrmetklme``y
Fksje`
Kobmtkfy emo kap`babm
kaaboketb ejtklms mb
tl kmtrloujb aeribt!g
kmstruabmts
^k`lt guodbtery rbfl
wktc dreoue` kmjrbe
bmbrdy texbs lr jer
prkjkmd
Kmtrloujb pbrflrae
gesbo tex kmjbmtkvb
systbas flr ejckbvk
sbjtlre` bakssklm t
Bxp`lrb kmmlvetkvb
stmemjkmd kmstruab
emo ejjb`bretb rbsb
emo obvb`lpabmt #W
supplrt flr futurb
kmoustrkbs
Kaprlvb bfstjkbmjy,
tremsperbmjy, emo
ejjlumtegk`kty kmtcb stmemjke` sbjtlr
gy kmj`uokmd retkmd
prldreas emolr je
jrbokt sjcbabs wkt
abesurbabmt, rbpl
emo vbrkstjetklm
#AWV+ rbqukrbabmt
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Bxbjutkvb Zuaaxkv
abems flr ltcbr jlumtrkbs tl lvbrjlab jlst gerrkbrs-
E strlmd pertmbrsckp gbtwbbm tcb pug`kj emo
prkvetb sbjtlr bmsurbs em bffbjtkvb lw lf stmemjke`
rbslurjbs tl stras emo clusbcl`os tcet rbkmflrjbs
tcb lmd!tbra kap`babmtetklm lf prldreas
lrdemkzbo erlumo aeribt!gesbo kmjbmtkvbs- Alst lf
tcb stmemjb rbqukrbo wk`` gb flr kmvbstabmt km mbwlr kaprlvbo kmfrestrujturb- _cks abems tcbsb pug`kj
stmemjb abjcemksa aust fejk`ktetb kmvbstabmt km
prloujtkvb jepkte` wktc e `lmd `kfb spem wcbrb jlsts
jem gb ealrtkzbo lvbr tcb kfb lf tcb essbts- _cb iby
tcbrbflrb wk`` gb tl kmi pug`kj stmemjb abjcemksas
tl slurjbs lf prkvetb stmemjb sukteg`b flr lw!
jerglm kmfrestrujturb kmvbstabmt- _cb prkvetb
sbjtlr ks e`sl pertmbrkmd wktc dlvbrmabmts tl
kap`babmt dlvbrmemjb jkrj`bs, bmsurkmd epprlprketb
almktlrkmd emo rbplrtkmd ejtkvktkbs- @lw!jerglm
obvb`lpabmt tcus rbqukrbs e jlmtrkgutklm mlt hust
frla bmvkrlmabmte` pl`kjy, gut e`sl frla stmemjb,
treob, sjkbmjb, tbjcml`ldy, dlvbrmemjb, emo ltcbr
pl`kjy erbes-
_cb eme`ysks e`sl sclws tcet obvb`lpkmd
Eske mbbos tl wlrry mlt lm`y eglut tcb bffbjts lf
j`kaetb jcemdb, gut e`sl wcbtcbr tcby erb ljikmd
tcbasb`vbs kmtl e ckdc!jerglm futurb- Babrdkmd
Eske ks drlwkmd festbr tcem ltcbr rbdklms lf tcbwlr`o- _cb kmfrestrujturb rbsu`tkmd frla tcb ckdc
drlwtc bre emo obvb`lpabmt kmtrloujbs em b`babmt
lf kmbrtke tcet ljis km jerglm flltprkmts flr aemy
ybers- lwbr p`emts emo fejtlrkbs cevb kfbtkabs lf 52
tl ?> ybers, wck`b rleo, rek`, emo plwbr okstrkgutklm
mbtwlris jem est ?> tl 42 ybers, lr alrb- Objksklms
lm emo usb emo urgem p`emmkmd cevb bffbjts tcet
jem est alrb tcem e jbmtury- Cbmjb, lpplrtumktkbs
tl sckft frla ckdc! tl lw!jerglm kmfrestrujturb
aust gb sbkzbo sllmbr retcbr tcem `etbr- Ob`eykmd
ejtklm gy e objeob jlu`o kmjrbesb tcb jlst lf
aktkdetklm twl tl stvb tkabs-
Dlkmd Drbbm es em Kmj`uskvb Drlwtc Ztretbdy
_cb lut`lli flr obvb`lpkmd Eskes jerglm bakssklm
drlwtc ks sugstemtke` km egsl`utb tbras- Aemy
kmbfstjkbmjkbs orkvb tloeys ckdc!jerglm kmtbmskty-
Ckdc!jerglm bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm jlu`o gb jut ?2"
gy jcemdkmd kfbsty`b jclkjbs emo kaprlvkmd bmbrd
bfstjkbmjy km fejtlrkbs, guk`okmds, tremsplrtetklm,edrkju`turb, emo b`bjtrkjkty dbmbretklm- Zujc j`kae
saert obvb`lpabmt kmktketkvbs wlu`o trkddbr
kmvbstabmts km mbw tbjcml`ldkbs emo jrbetb drbbm
hlgs- _cbsb drbbm hlgs jlu`o bap`ly es aujc es 5"
tl 7" lf Eskes wlriflrjb- _cks stdurb jlu`o gb bvbm
ckdcbr km pllrbr jlumtrkbs gbjeusb lf tcb drbetbr
mbbo tl kaprlvb tcb bmvkrlmabmt emo eolpt alrb
sustekmeg`b kmfrestrujturb, es wb`` es tcb drbetbr
sjlpb flr kmjrbeskmd bap`lyabmt km flrbstry
emo edrkju`turb-
Kf jlumtrkbs erb tl ejckbvb aehlr gbmbstts
frla drbbm hlgs, ejtkvb eglr aeribt pl`kjkbs wk``
gb rbqukrbo, mlt best tl juscklm tcb pltbmtke`
kapejt lf drbbm drlwtc pl`kjkbs lm bap`lyabmt
km ckdc!pl``utkmd emo rbslurjb!kmtbmskvb sbjtlrs-
Aejrlbjlmlakj pl`kjkbs aust stkau`etb obaemo
wck`b bmsurkmd tcet obgt!stmemjbo spbmokmd
supplrts bjlmlakj ejtkvktkbs wktc ckdc sljke`
rbturms-Kmj`uskvb drlwtc rbaekms tcb flrbalst dle
flr babrdkmd Eske- Aemy lf tcb drbet gbmbstts lf
`lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc erb rerb`y quemtkstbo-
^rlvkokmd ejjbss tl j`bem bmbrdy wk`` vest`y kaprl
pblp`bs boujetklm, bap`lyabmt, emo que`kty lf
`kfbkm pertkju`er, j`bembr, alrb efflroeg`b bmbrdy
flr jllikmd wk`` rboujb tcb tlk` lf wlabm emo tcb
obvestetkmd cbe`tc bffbjts lf kmollr ekr pl``utklm
ealmd tcb 6>> ak``klm pblp`b km obvb`lpkmd Eske
@lwbr bakssklms frla tremsplrt wk`` kaprlvb ekr
que`kty emo beo tl cbe`tc gbmbstts km urgem erbes-
@erdb plpu`etklms km obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs obpbmo
lm j`kaetb!sbmsktkvb sbjtlrs sujc es edrkju`turb,
flrbstry, emo emkae` cusgemory8 tcb meture`
rbslurjbs tcet umobrpkm tcbsb, sujc es slk`, wetbr,
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drezkmd `emo, gklokvbrskty, emo flrbsts, erb sughbjt
tl obdreoetklm es e rbsu`t lf tcb jcemdkmd j`kaetb
emo tcbkr bxp`lktetklm flr sclrt!tbra gbmbstts- _cbrb
erb sbvbre` abesurbs, sujc es lw!tk`` edrkju`turb,
efflrbstetklm, emo jlaaumkty flrbst aemedbabmt
tcet skau`temblus`y rboujb obdreoetklm, sustekm tcb
`kvb`kcllos lf tcb rure` pllr, jut bakssklms,emo kmjrbesb flrbst jerglm stljis-
Fkmemjkmd frla obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs wk`` gb
iby es kt ks e`sl km tcb d`lge` jlaaumktys kmtbrbst
flr obvb`lpkmd Eske tl jut bakssklms- Frla tcb
pbrspbjtkvb lf bqukty emo ckstlrkje` rbsplmskgk`kty,
obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs sclu`o sclw beobrsckp
emo scerb rbsplmskgk`kty km st``kmd tcb skdmkstjemt
stmemjkmd dep- _cks aust gb olmb km eooktklm tl
lfstjke` obvb`lpabmt esskstemjb, kf drlwtc emo
obvb`lpabmt erb mlt tl suffbr-
Bffbjtkvb`y bmdedkmd tcb prkvetb sbjtlr
ks jrujke` tl st``kmd tcb stmemjkmd dep flr
aktkdetklm- _cb prkjkmd lf jerglm tcrludc texbs lr
kap`babmtetklm lf bakssklms treokmd sjcbabs jem
prlvkob strlmd kmjbmtkvbs tl kaprlvb bfstjkbmjy es
aeribt pertkjkpemts sbbi tcb `lwbst jlst egetbabmt
lptklms wcbrbvbr tcby ljjur- Zbttkmd e prkjb lm
jerglm wk`` e`sl kmubmjb tcb jlmsuaptklm emo
kmvbstabmt objksklms lf gk``klms lf clusbcl`os emostras tcet erb jlmsuakmd sugskokzbo ckdc!jerglm
fub`s- Es aemy `lw!jerglm prlhbjts cevb e `lmd
peygeji tkab, dlvbrmabmts jem p`ey e jete`ytkj rl`b
gy sbttkmd up dueremtbb abjcemksas, rksi scerkmd
sjcbabs, emo `lw!jerglm fumos9 emo jcemdkmd
tex pl`kjkbs emo sugskokbs tl aktkdetb prkvetb
kmvbstabmt rksis-
Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm flr Zbkzkmd tcb Lpplrtumktkbs
Zjkbmtksts erdub tcet ob`eykmd j`kaetb jcemdb
aktkdetklm gy 5> ybers wlu`o `kib`y aeib kt
kaplsskg`b tl ibbp d`lge` werakmd frla bxjbbokmd
7J- _cb jerglm oklxkob bakttbo tloey wk`` rbaekm
km tcb etalspcbrb flr e jbmtury emo tbapbreturbs
wk`` jlmtkmub tl rksb flr e fbw jbmturkbs eftbr DCD
bakssklms km tcb etalspcbrb cevb stegk`kzbo-
_cbrbflrb, tloeys objksklms wk`` obtbrakmb
tlalrrlws lptklms- Ejtklm tl `kakt d`lge` wer
tl 7J gy tcb bmo lf tcks jbmtury wk`` gb fbeskg
kf e`` jlumtrkbs p`ey tcbkr pert km aktkdetklm-
_cb kmtbrmetklme` j`kaetb stmemjkmd
erjcktbjturb jurrbmt`y ob`kvbrs em bstkaetbo/545 gk``klm emmue``y tl prlhbjts km obvb`lpkmd
jlumtrkbs, frla slurjbs kmj`uokmd obvb`lpabm
stmemjb kmstktutklms #/4> gk``klm+, prlhbjt obvb`
#/62 gk``klm+, jlrplretb ejtlrs #/5: gk``klm+, emo
jlaabrjke` stmemjke` gemis #/57 gk``klm+- _cb p
sbjtlr scerb lf j`kaetb stmemjb km obvb`lpkmd
jlumtrkbs ks erlumo 24"- Clwbvbr, kmvbstabmt
alrb tcem /6 trk``klm wk`` gb mbbobo km tcb rbd
7>:> km tcb bmbrdy sbjtlr e`lmb- Fk``kmd tcb stme
dep wk`` rbqukrb e`` tcb tll`s et lur oksplse`,
spemmkmd bfstjkbmjy dekms, rbflra emo kmtbdre
lf jerglm aeribts, emo tcb jrbetklm lf kmmlvet
stmemjkmd kmstruabmts- _cb J`bem Obvb`lpabm
Abjcemksa #JOA+, ealmd ltcbr jerglm aeri
abjcemksas, jem gb tbrabo e sujjbss gut kt ks
stk`` vbry umjbrtekm wcbtcbr kt jem ob`kvbr tcb
rbqukrbo stmemjke` rbslurjbs tl obvb`lpkmd jlu
oub tl lvbrsupp`y emo `lw obaemo jeusbo gy
kmtbrmetklme` emo metklme` pl`kjkbs emo stmemjemo bjlmlakj jrksbs- Es edrbbo et tcb Jlpbmc
J`kaetb Jcemdb Jlmfbrbmjb km 7>>;, lmd!tbra
fumokmd tl supplrt j`kaetb ejtklm km obvb`lpkm
jlumtrkbs sclu`o rbejc /5>> gk``klm emmue``y g
7>7> tcrludc verklus slurjbs- _cbrbflrb, j`ka
stmemjb aust gb sje`bo up skdmkstjemt`y tcrlud
plsskg`b weys emo abems-
Gut jerglm prkjkmd e`lmb wk`` mlt dbmbr
tcb mbbobo lws lf tbjcml`ldy ejrlss glrobrs
Obvb`lpkmd Eske emo ltcbr eovemjbo bjlmlak
sclu`o wlri tldbtcbr tl bagrejb tcb jce``bmd
lf okffuskmd `lw!jerglm prloujts, sbrvkjbs, emo
kmmlvetklms- @kgbre`kzetklm lf treob emo rboujb
terkff retbs flr lw!jerglm drbbm prloujts emo
sbrvkjbs wlu`o ejjb`bretb tbjcml`ldy tremsfbr
Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery
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emo obvb`lpkmd Eske wlu`o gbmbstt tll frla tcb
imlw`bodb jrbetbo gy bakssklms rboujtklm ejtkvktkbs
km eovemjbo bjlmlakbs sujc es Hepem, tcb Wbpug`kj
lf Ilrbe, emo Zkmdeplrb-
Jllpbretkvb ejtklm km tcks rbdklm wlu`o
gb km tcb pl`ktkje` kmtbrbst lf e`` dlvbrmabmts flr
tcb fl``lwkmd tcrbb rbeslms- Fkrst, e alrb okrbjt,rbdklm!wkob pusc lm bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy, tbjcml`ldy,
kmvbstabmt, emo obflrbstetklm ks bssbmtke` tl eoo
jrbokgk`kty tl tcb vl`umtery p`bodbs emo metklme`
terdbts wktclut `lskmd bjlmlakj jlapbtkvbmbss-
Zbjlmo, dkvbm tcb sje`b lf kmvbstabmt rbqukrbo
emo tcb obtbrklretklm lf pug`kj stmemjbs km
aemy jlumtrkbs, jllpbretklm, jlmsu`tetklm, emo
jllrokmetklm ealmd dlvbrmabmts km tcks rbdklm
jem `bvbredb prkvetb sbjtlr jepkte`- _ckro, gbjeusb kt
wk`` teib tkab tl edrbb lm tcb obtek`s tl kap`babmt
e d`lge` j`kaetb obe`, kt ks kaplrtemt tl eovemjb
wktc jlmjrbtb ejtklms tl prlvkob tcb kmtbrmetklme`
jlaaumkty wktc bxpbrkbmjb emo bsslms flr
kmjrbesbo stmemjke` emo tbjcmkje` esskstemjb tl
obvb`lpkmd Eske-
Obvb`lpkmd Eske ks bxpbjtbo tl gb et tcb
jbmtbr lf tcb d`lge` edbmoe lm lw!jerglm drbbm
drlwtc- Eske ces aujc et steib km tcb stdct edekmst
j`kaetb jcemdb es tcb rbdklm ks tcb wlr`os alstplpu`lus emo ces ceo ckdc bjlmlakj drlwtc
wktc e rkskmd scerb lf d`lge` DCD bakssklms, emo
Eskes sugrbdklm erb ealmd tcb alst vu`mbreg`b
tl `llakmd j`kaetb rksis- Mlwcbrb erb prloujtklm,
rbslurjb jlmsuaptklm, emo bakssklms drlwkmd
festbr tcem km obvb`lpkmd Eske-
Ejtklm lm tcb fl``lwkmd 5> iby kssubs
ks jrujke` tl ejckbvkmd lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc
km Eske-
Wbdklme` @bvb` Ejtklms flr Ejjb`bretkmd
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km Eske
Wbdklme` Jerglm Aeribt
^rlaltb tcb kmiedb lf metklme` jerglm treob
sjcbabs, wckjc wk`` rbqukrb tcb jrbetklm lf e
rbdklme` pug`kjprkvetb pl`kjy oke`ldub emofreabwlri tl prbperb tcb drlumo flr tcb kmied
lf jerglm treob sjcbabs kmj`uokmd tremsperbmt
edrbbabmts emo ru`bs #flr kmstemjb, AWV
systbas+ emo kmstktutklme` erremdbabmts-
Bmjluredb kmvbstabmt km jrlss!glrobr `lw!jerg
bmbrdy kmfrestrujturb emo tremsplrt prlhbjts
Wbdklme` Bmbrdy ^ertmbrsckp
^rlaltb e rbdklme` pertmbrsckp lm rbmbweg`b
bmbrdy, sbttkmd metklme` rbmbweg`b bmbrdy
terdbts emo fevlreg`b fbbo!km terkffs #FK_s+ emo
rbmbweg`b plrtfl`kl stemoeros #W^Zs+-
^rlaltb tcb pertmbrsckp tl wlri tlwero e sbt
lf epp`kjeg`b metklme` bfstjkbmjy stemoeros
obvb`lpbo emo epp`kbo tl e kaktbo gut jrktkje`
remdb lf bmbrdy!kmtbmskvb kmoustrke` emo
jlmsuabr dllos, emo guk`okmds- Dlvbrmabmts
aey e`sl obvb`lp bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy egb`kmd flr
b`bjtrkje` epp`kemjbs, jlmsuabr prloujts, emokmoustrke` aemufejturkmd prljbssbs, guk`okmd lm
wlri umobr wey ejjlrokmd tl e autue``y edrbbo
tkabteg`b-
^rkvetb Zbjtlr ertkjkpetklm
Kap`babmt em bffbjtkvb jepejkty obvb`lpabmt
prldrea et rbdklme` lr sugrbdklme` `bvb` tl cb`p
jrbetb em bmeg`kmd pl`kjy emo bde` bmvkrlmabm
tl ettrejt prkvetb sbjtlr pertkjkpetklm
Kmtbrmetklme` obvb`lpabmt kmstktutklms, metklm
dlvbrmabmts, emo stmemjke` kmstktutklms sclu`o
usb rksi!aktkdetkmd prloujts #b-d-, pl`ktkje` rksi
dueremtbbs, jrbokt rksi dueremtbbs+ tl bmjlured
prkvetb sbjtlr kmvbstabmt km `lw!jerglm
kmfrestrujturb obvb`lpabmt-
Bxbjutkvb Zuaaxvk
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^rlaltb e rbdklme` pug`kjprkvetb plrtfl`kl
lf sbvbre` erdb!sje`b kmtbdretbo saert jkty
emo saert drko obalmstretklm prlhbjts ejrlss
okffbrbmt rbdu`etlry rbdkabs-
_bjcml`ldy _remsfbr
Bsteg`ksc e mbtwlri lf rbdklme` lw!jerglmkmmlvetklm jbmtbrs alob`bo lm tcb Jlmsu`tetkvb
Drlup lm Kmtbrmetklme` Edrkju`ture` Wbsberjc, tl
cb`p obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs ejjb`bretb tcb upteib
lf `lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldy- Wbdklme` obvb`lpabmt
kmstktutklms sujc es EOG aey p`ey e `beokmd
rl`b km prlaltkmd j`kaetb tbjcml`ldy tremsfbr
emo okffusklm, cb`pkmd jlumtrkbs berm frla bejc
ltcbr-
Flrdb e frbb!treob edrbbabmt wktckm Eske flr
ckdc!kapejt drbbm emo `lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldkbsemo sbrvkjbs-
Fkmemjb
Bmjluredb tcb pceskmd lut lf pbrveskvb flssk`
fub` sugskokbs, uskmd e rbdklme``y jllrokmetbo
epprlejc- _cks sclu`o gb olmb es e prb`uob
tl kmtrloujkmd stsje` rbflras tcet bmjlapess
e remdb lf prkjkmd emo texetklm kmstruabmts,
kmj`uokmd texbs lm flssk` fub`s emo ltcbr rbslurjbs- Zbt up e rbdklme` p`etflra tl bmjluredb WBOO)
#rboujbo bakssklms frla obflrbstetklm emo
obdreoetklm+ prlhbjts- _cks p`etflra sclu`o gb
clstbo gy iby flrbst metklms lf tcb rbdklm emo
kmvl`vb tcb kmtbrmetklme` jlaaumkty, rbdklme`
stmemjke` kmstktutklms, jkvk` sljkbty, emo tcb
prkvetb sbjtlr-
Abesurkmd Aktkdetklm Bfflrts gy Eske
_cks glli rbvkbws drbbmclusb des #DCD+ bakssklms km
juau`etkvb emo egsl`utb tbras, emo tcb vl`umtery terdb
emo bfflrts teibm gy tcb babrdkmd bjlmlakbs lf Eske tl
teji`b j`kaetb jcemdb- _cks stuoy rbjldmkzbs tcet lw!
jerglm drbbm drlwtc ks em kapbretkvb, mlt em lptklm flr tcb wlr`os alst plpu`lus emo repko`y drlwkmd rbdklm- _
tcblrbtkje` espbjts lf lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc emo tcb
lf eoeptkmd tl j`kaetb jcemdb erb mlt tcb fljus lf tcb s
Jepturkmd Eskem ^brspbjtkvbs
Babrdkmd Eske ks okffbrbmt frla tcb obvb`lpbo eovemjb
bjlmlakbs es kt ks bxpbrkbmjkmd repko drlwtc retbs tcet
tl gb objlup`bo frla bmbrdy usb emo bakssklms, rbepkm
jl!gbmbstts km erbes sujc es cbe`tc- _cbsb jlumtrkbs ce
lm`y rbjbmt`y wktmbssbo em kmjrbesb km aemufejturkmd e
tcbkr pbr jepkte bvb`s lf aetbrke` jlmsuaptklm rbaekm
Eske ks okvbrsb, wktc e erdb emo drlwkmd plpu`etklm tcetces dkvbm wey tl jlmsuaptklm!lrkbmtbo emo mbw kfbsty
bmvkrlmabmte` obdreoetklm, emo obj`kmkmd flrbst jlvbr-
Clwbvbr, sljke` kmj`usklm ks tcb tlp prklrkty flr babrdkmd
_cks glli jepturbs tcb Eskem pbrspbjtkvbs lm tcb treob
bqukty kssubs, emo kmtbrobpbmobmjb km wlrikmd tldbtcb
^l`kjy Wb`bvemjb
_cks stuoy suddbsts ejtklmeg`b, sl`utklm!lrkbmtbo pl`kj
rbjlaabmoetklms km tcb abokua emo lmd tbra tl abb
metklme` emo sbjtlre` terdbts, emo e stretbdkj freabwlr
tl kap`babmt lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc pl`kjkbs emo rbe
gbmbstts frla rbdklme` jllpbretklm emo wlrikmd jl``bjt
^ertkjkpetlry
_cks stuoy wes olmb km jllpbretklm wktc 7: tckmi temis
wktc rbsberjcbrs frla tclsb kmstktutbs jlmtrkgutkmd tcb
gejidrlumo pepbrs emo jceptbrs- Kmputs frla pl`kjy
aeibrs, prkvetb sbjtlr rbprbsbmtetkvbs, emo kmtbrmetklm
lrdemkzetklms wbrb rbjbkvbo et e tbjcmkje` wlrisclp em
steibcl`obr abbtkmds emo pl`kjy oke`ldubs cb`o km _liy
Gbkhkmd, Mbw Ob`ck, Heierte, Zblu`, emo Aemk`e-
Eoobo Ve`ub
_cks glli ks guk`t lm tcb lmdlkmd prlhbjts lf EOG emo EOemo tcb imlw`bodb tcet bxksts km rbdklme` tckmis temis-
_cks stuoy sbrvbo es e imlw`bodb!scerkmd p`etflra flr
lmdlkmd wlris emo tl fejk`ktetb jlumtrkbs lw!jerglm
drbbm drlwtc pl`kjkbs emo kap`babmtetklm-
Tcet tcb Glli ks Eglut
Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery
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Tcet erb tcb sujjbssfu` tremsflraetklm stretbdkbs, pl`kjkbs,emo prejtkjbs
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^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emoJ`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl ^rejtkjb
Jceptbr5
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Jceptbr 5
^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo
J`kaetb Jcemdb ^l`kjkbs km ^rejtkjb
5-5 Kmtrloujtklm :
5-7 _cb Jlmjbpt emo Kapbretkvbmbss lf 2
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
5-7-5 J`kaetb Jcemdb, Obvb`lpabmt, 2
emo lvbrty Wboujtklm
5-7-7 D`lge` Ejtklms flr Aktkdetkmd J`kaetb Jcemdb 3
5-7-: Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt Ok`baaes lf 57
Babrdkmd Eske
5-7-? Obstmkmd @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc 5?
5-: Kapejts emo Jl!gbmbstts lf 52
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
5-:-5 Bmvkrlmabmte` Jl!Gbmbstts 52
5-:-7 Bjlmlakj Jl!Gbmbstts 56
5-:-: Zljke` Jl!Gbmbstts 54
5-? Aejrlbjlmlakj Okabmsklms emo tcb 54
Fbeskgk`kty lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
5-?-5 @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc es e ^rljbss 53lf Ztrujture` Jcemdb
5-?-7 Ztretbdkbs emo _bjcml ldkbs flr Ztegk`kzkmd 5;
Drbbmclusb Des Bakssklms
5-?-: _reob emo Kmvbstabmt Jllpbretklm flr 7:
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
5-?-? Jrktkje` Wl`b lf ^rkvetb!^ug`kj ^ertmbrsckps km 72
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
5-2 Abesurkmd Eskes rldrbss km _eji`kmd J`kaetb 7;
Jcemdb emo Ejjb`bretkmd Drbbm Drlwtc
5-2-5 Lvbrvkbw lf tcks Glli 7;
5-2-7 Eskes Bffbjts tlwero @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc :5
5-6 Jce``bmdbs lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc :?km tcb Jlmtbxt lf Zljke` Kmj`usklm emo
Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm
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^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb
_cb pursukt lf bjlmlakj drlwtc ces gbbm tcb
skmd`b alst kaplrtemt pl`kjy dle` lf babrdkmd
Eskem jlumtrkbs km tcb rbjbmt pest- Eskes bjlmlakj
lutput surdbo tbmfl`o gbtwbbm 5;3> emo 7>>;-
Tktc em emmue` evbredb drlss olabstkj prloujt
#DO^+ drlwtc retb lf alrb tcem 4" skmjb 7>>> tcb
wlr`o scerb lf obvb`lpkmd Eskes treob olug`bo frla
5:" km 5;;> tl 76" km 7>>3 #Rmktbo Metklms YRMQ
7>>;+- Km 7>5>, tcb Eskem scerb lf d`lge` lutput wes73", edekmst `bss tcem 57" km 5;;>- Kf kt jlmtkmubs
tl fl``lw tcb rbjbmt trehbjtlry, tcb Eskem DO^ pbr
jepkte kmjlab km purjceskmd plwbr perkty tbras lf
/6,4>> km 7>5> wk`` rksb skdmkstjemt y tl /?>,3>> km
7>2> #Ilc`k, Zcerae, emo Zllo 7>55+- Alrb jlumtrkbs
erb llikmd flr stretbdkbs tl rbejc tcb stetus lf
obvb`lpbo bjlmlakbs, tl fejk`ktetb tcb jcemdbs km
pettbrms lf drlwtc, prloujtklm, emo jlmsuaptklm
tcet cevb ckstlrkje``y teibm p`ejb es kmjlab `bvb`scevb jcemdbo-
_cb bxtrelrokmery reapkmd up lf bjlmlakj
ejtkvktkbs skmjb tcb 5;4>s ces ml ckstlrkje` prbjbobmt-
Mbvbrtcb`bss, tcks fest!pejbo bjlmlakj drlwtc ces
gbbm ejjlapemkbo gy ckdc retbs lf aetbrke` emo
bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm- Wbslurjb bxtrejtklmY5Q
flr bjlmlakj usb kmjrbesbo frla ; gk``klm tlms
km 5;32 tl 5: gk``klm tlms lf rbslurjbs km 5;;2, emo
rbejcbo e`alst 53 gk``klm tlms km 7>>2 #Dk`hua bt
e`- 7>5>+- _cb drlwtc lf rbslurjb bxtrejtklm km Eske
ces gbbm aujc festbr tcem tcb d`lge` evbredb-
_cb scerb lf tcb babrdkmd Eskem jlumtrkbs
kmj`uokmd tcb blp`bs Wbpug`kj lf Jckme #^WJ+,
Kmoke, emo tcb Essljketklm lf Zlutcbest Eskem
Metklms #EZBEM+km d`lge` rbslurjb bxtrejtklm
kmjrbesbo mlteg`y, frla 77" km 5;32 tl :5" km
7>>2- _cb jlaplsktklm lf bxtrejtbo rbslurjbs
e`sl jcemdbo jlmskobreg`y lvbr tcks pbrklo- Tc
km 5;32, rbmbweg`b rbslurjbs sujc es gklaess
ejjlumtbo flr e`alst ce`f lf e`` bxtrejtklm, tck
scerb okakmkscbo tl :6" km 7>>2, es bxtrejtklm
lf mlmrbmbweg`b rbslurjbs kmjrbesbo et e aujckdcbr pejb- _cks drlwkmd scerb lf mlmrbmbwe
rbslurjbs ks lmb jcerejtbrkstkj lf tcb lmdlkmd
prljbss lf kmoustrke`kzetklm, wckjc ces ejjb`br
skdmkstjemt y km aemy Eskem jlumtrkbs skmjb tc
gbdkmmkmd lf tcb 5;;>s #Tbksz bt e`- 7>>6+- _cb
rbdklm jlmsuabo 7>" lf wlr`o bmbrdy km 7>>
gut tcb scerb rlsb tl eglut 74" gy 7>>4 #Eskem
Obvb`lpabmt Gemi YEOGQ 7>55+- _cks plsbs e
sbrklus jce``bmdb tl tcb sustekmegk`kty lf drlw
jlmskobrkmd tcb stmktb rbslurjb gesb, tcb kapej`kaetb jcemdb, emo tcb fredk`b bjl`ldy lm wc
babrdkmd Eske obpbmos flr bjlmlakj bxpemsk
Tktckm tcb jlmtbxt lf ettekmkmd sustekmeg`b
obvb`lpabmt, meture` rbslurjbs emo bjlsystba
sbrvkjbs prlvkobo gy tcb bmvkrlmabmt erb bssb
tl supplrt bjlmlakj drlwtc, sljke` wb``!gbkmd
cuaem obvb`lpabmt-
_l sustekm tcbsb drlwtc retbs, emo ejckb
tcb Eskem Jbmtury gy 7>2>,Y7Q
obvb`lpkmd Eske ctl obe` wktc sbrklus jce``bmdbs, sujc es erdb!s
plvbrty breokjetklm emo rboujkmd sljklbjlmla
kmbque`kty- Ourkmd tcb `est objeobs lf obvb`lpa
skmjb 5;;7, kmjlab kmbque`ktkbs es rbvbe`bo gy
Dkmk jlbfstjkbmt cevb gbbm kmjrbeskmd- Km Eske,
tcem 2>" lf tcb plpu`etklm `kvbs lm `bss tcem /
e oey, emo ces kaktbo ejjbss tl geskj sbrvkjbs-
5-5Kmtrloujtklm
5 Km dbmbre`, flur aehlr typbs lf rbslurjbs erb jlmskobrbo8 #k+ edrkju`turb, flr
stscbry, emo gklaess prloujts #kmj`uokmd tbxtk`bs emo wllo prloujts sujc e
#kk+ flssk` bmbrdy jerrkbrs #jle`, lk`, des, pbet+ usbo flr bmbrdbtkj emo mlm!bmb
purplsbs #kmj`uokmd jcbakje`s gesbo lm flssk` aetbrke`s+9 #kkk+ akmbre`s #kmo
emo jlmstrujtklm akmbre`s+ emo akmbre` prloujts #sujc es d`ess lr meture`
emo #kv+ abte` lrbs emo abte` prloujts #kmj`uokmd, flr bxeap`b, aejckmbry
7 _cb Eskem Jbmtury sjbmerkl bxtbmos Eskes pest sujjbss kmtl tcb futurb, pu
lm tcb jusp lf e ckstlrkj tremsflraetklm- Km tcks sjbmerkl, Eskes DO^ kmjrbe
/54 trk``klm lm 7>5> tl /54? trk``klm km 7>2>, lr ce`f lf d`lge` DO^, skak`er tl s
d`lge` plpu`etklm- Kt wlu`o cevb ml pllr jlumtrkbs #tclsb wktc evbredb pbr
DO^ lf `bss tcem /5,>>>+, jlaperbo wktc bkdct km 7>57-
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@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km E?
Fkdurb 5-5
Bmbrdy emo Cuaem Obvb`lpabmt
Zlurjbs8 Tlr`o Obvb`lpabmt Kmokjetlrs #7>55+-cttp8oete-wlr`ogemi-lrdoete!jete`ldwlr`o!obvb`lpabmt!kmokjetlrs#ejjbssbo Objbagbr 7>57+- Cuaem Obvb`lpabmt Wbplrt #7>55+-cttp8cor-umop-lrdbmstetkstkjs #ejjbssbo Objbagbr 7>57+-
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>-4
>-6
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Mbpe`
Gemd`eobsc
^ck`kppkmbs
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Kmoke
VkbtMea
Kmolmbske
Almdl`ke
_cek`emo
^WJ
Zkmdeplrb
Ae`eyske
Hepem
Wbpug`kjlfIlrbe
Eustre`ke
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CuaemObvb`lpabmtKmobx
Ger8 COK km 7>>3@kmb8 Bmbrdy usb #id lf lk` bqukve`bmt pbr jepkte+
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^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb
5-7-5
J`kaetb Jcemdb, Obvb`lpabmt,
emo lvbrty Wboujtklm
J`kaetb jcemdb bpktlakzbs tcb obvb`lpabmte
jce``bmdbs km e stk`` ckdc`y umbque` gut kmjrbe
d`lge`kzbo wlr`o- _cb bvkobmjb flr j`kaetb jce
ks lvbrwcb`akmd emo ces gbbm jlmstrabo gy
sujjbsskvb kmtbrmetklme` stuokbs #EOG 7>>;e9 Z
7>>49 RMFJJJ 7>>4+- _cby kmokjetb werakmd l7J wlu`o beo tl akmkae` lssbs km ckdc!kmjl
jlumtrkbs emo e d`lge` DO^ lss lf eglut 5"
#Ztbrm 7>>4+, gut jlu`o rbsu`t km e 6" pbraemb
rboujtklm km emmue` pbr!jepkte kmjlab km Eske
#EOG 7>>;+- _cb `lssbs wlu`o gb prkaerk`y orkv
gy kmjrbesbo verkegk`kty emo alrb frbqubmt em
kmtbmsb bxtrbab wbetcbr bvbmts #RMFJJ 7>>4
_cb pllr plpu`etklms lf babrdkmd Eske erb `ki
tl suffbr oksprlplrtklmetb`y- Alst lf tcb weratrbmo lgsbrvbo skmjb kmoustrke`kzetklm ks oub tl
kmjrbesbs km emtcrlpldbmkj drbbmclusb des #D
bakssklms, pertkju`er`y jerglm oklxkob #JL7+, je
gy ejtkvktkbs sujc es flssk` fub` gurmkmd emo `em
usb jcemdbs- _cb Kmtbrdlvbrmabmte` emb` lm
J`kaetb Jcemdb #K^JJ+ km kts Fkrst Essbssabmt
stetbo tcb mbbo tl rboujb jurrbmt DCD baksskl
gy 6>"3>" kf jlmjbmtretklms erb tl gb ibpt e
tcb 5;;> bvb` #K^JJ 5;;>+- _cb alst rbjbmt Flu
Essbssabmt Wbplrt lf tcb K^JJ flumo strlmdbr
gbtwbbm cuaem!kmoujbo bakssklms emo kmjrb
d`lge` evbredb tbapbreturbs emo j`kaetb jcem
#K^JJ 5;;29 7>>>e9 7>>4e+-
5-7_cb Jlmjbpt emo Kapbretkvbmbsslf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc
Jurrbmt`y, 62> ak``klm pblp`b ejrlss Eske erb
jlmsbrvetkvb`y bstkaetbo tl gb wktclut ejjbss
tl b`bjtrkjkty- _cb muagbr lf pblp`b umeg`b tl
jlli wktc alobrm fub`s emo `ejikmd akmkaua
`kdctkmd tl rbeo lr jerry lut ltcbr clusbcl`o
ejtkvktkbs wk`` drlw es tcb plpu`etklm kmjrbesbs-
Verketklms km alobrm bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm ejrlssjlumtrkbs bxp`ekm tcb wkob okffbrbmjbs km cuaem
obvb`lpabmt ealmd obvb`lpkmd emo obvb`lpbo
jlumtrkbs #Fkdurb 5-5+- Zkak`er`y, oksperktkbs km
bjlmlakj jepejktkbs emo meture` es wb`` es sljke`
jepkte` cevb jrbetbo okffbrbmt `bvb`s lf obvb`lpabmt
km Eskem jlumtrkbs-
Obspktb e`` tcb pest ejckbvbabmts emo pbrklos
lf sclrt!tbra prlspbrkty, bjlmlaksts wktckm emo
lutskob lf tcb rbdklm edrbb tcet km tcb lmd rum, tcks
typb lf obvb`lpabmt, wktclut oub rbdero tl sljke`kmj`uskvbmbss emo bmvkrlmabmte` prltbjtklm, ks mlt
sustekmeg`b #Iewek emo @bb 7>5>9 Ztkd`ktz 7>559 Ze`ka
7>559 Zejcs emo Zlabscwer 7>57+- Alst oksturgkmd
ks tcb fejt tcet pest obvb`lpabmt alob`s cevb
oksruptbo tcb bquk`kgrkua lf bjl`ldkje` systbas tl
tcb bxtbmt tcet gkl`ldkje` okvbrskty ces gbbm brlobo,
meturbs `kfb supplrt systbas cevb gbbm eovbrsb`y
effbjtbo, emo j`kaetb jcemdb
ks kmjrbeskmd-
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6
Es e rbsu`t, tcb wlr`os abem tbapbreturb g
75>> jlu`o kmjrbesb frla :->J tl ?-3J eglvb 5;3>
7>>> bvb`s umobr e ckdc bakssklms sjbmerkl #EOG
7>>;e+- Lm tcb gesks lf jlaprbcbmskvb alob`kmd,
emo es pug`kscbo km tcb sjkbmtkstj ktbreturb, slab
sjbmerkls bstkaetb d`lge` evbredb tbapbreturb
kmjrbesbs lf up tl 6-?J gy tcb bmo lf tcks jbmtury-Mbt bjlmlakj lssbs jlu`o rbsu`t km aemy jlumtrkb
et e`` aedmktuobs lf werakmd #K^JJ 7>>4+- _cb
pllr km obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs, bspbjke``y km Zlutc
emo Zlutcbest Eske, erb bstkaetbo tl gb tclsb als
vu`mbreg`b tl tcb jcemdbs emo tcbkr essljketbo
kapejts-
_cb Ztbrm Wbvkbw #7>>4+ jlmstrabo tcet mlt
lm`y ks tcb jlst lf teikmd ejtklm mlw fer sae``br
tcem tcb jlst lf kmejtklm, gut tcet bvbm wcbm tcb
alst eddrbsskvb ejtklm tl eoorbss j`kaetb jcemdb
ks teibm, kt wlu`o cevb em e`alst kapbrjbptkg`b
kapejt lm tcb 52>" drlwtc km tcb d`lge` bjlmlay
prbokjtbo gy 7>2>- Gurmkmd flssk` fub`s ks tcb aekmslurjb lf DCD bakssklms- Aemy Eskem jlumtrkbs erb
rb`kemt lm skdmkstjemt kaplrts lf flssk` fub`s tl abbt
tcbkr bmbrdy mbbos- E obpbmobmjy lm kaplrts flr
bmbrdy rbslurjbs abems bmbrdy supp`kbs emo prkjbs
erb vu`mbreg`b tl umjlmtrl``eg`b bvbmts lr pl`ktkje`
obvb`lpabmts km tcb bxplrtkmd jlumtrkbs-
Eoorbsskmd j`kaetb jcemdb, sljke` kmbque`kty,
tcb obp`btklm lf rbslurjbs, emo bmbrdy sbjurkty
wk`` gb e jbmtre` obvb`lpabmt jce``bmdb flr
babrdkmd Eske- _cb qubstklm erksbs tl wcet bxtbmtj`kaetb pl`kjkbs jem cb`p e`tbr bmbrdy emo rbslurjb
jlmsuaptklm emo kmjrbesb rbslurjb prloujtkvkty
km ltcbr wlros, tl wcet bxtbmt jem babrdkmd Eskes
j`kaetb pl`kjkbs jlmtrkgutb tl tcb ejckbvbabmt
lf au`tkp`b obvb`lpabmt jl!gbmbstts-Y:Q Fkdurb 5-7
jlrrb`etbs aetbrke` jlmsuaptklm emo bmbrdy!rb`etbo
JL7 bakssklms km 5? Eskem jlumtrkbs flr 7>>;- _cb
trbmo kmb k``ustretbs e ckdc jlrrb`etklm gbtwbbm
tcbsb kmokjetlrs, kap`ykmd tcet jlumtrkbs wktcckdc egsl`utb bvb`s lf rbslurjb jlmsuaptklm emo
bjlmlakj drlwtc erb e`sl tclsb wktc ckdc
JL7 bakssklms-
Ejjlrokmd tl prlhbjtklms lf d`lge` DCD
bakssklms km stemoero rbfbrbmjb sjbmerkls,
jlmtkmubo guskmbss!es!usue` obvb`lpabmt lf tcb
d`lge` bjlmlay, orkvbm gy em babrdkmd Eske emo
e wlr`o plpu`etklm tcet km 7>57 ces rbejcbo
4 gk``klm, wk`` beo tl e prlgeg`b olug`kmd lf d`lge`
bakssklms gy 7>:> #K^JJ 7>>4+, alst lf wckjc
wk`` gb bakttbo gy Eskem obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs
#EOG 7>>;g+- Es DCDs jlmtkmub tl ejjuau`etb km
tcb etalspcbrb, JL7 etalspcbrkj jlmjbmtretklm
jlu`o rbejc 2>> perts pbr ak``klm #ppa+-
: _cb jl!gbmbstts epprlejc tl j`kaetb jcemdb abems kmtbdretbo bfflrts tl eoorbssj`kaetb jcemdb jlmjbrms, wck`b abbtkmd obvb`lpabmt mbbos km obvb`lpkmd jlumt
_cb jl!gbmbstts epprlejc cb`ps obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs kmjrbesb tcbkr lwmbrsckp w
bmdedkmd km bfflrts tl eoorbss j `kaetb jcemdb, gy kmtrloujkmd abesurbs tl ejckbv
temdkg`b obvb`lpabmt gbmbstts- Kt ks e`sl jlmskobrbo tl gb e prejtkje` epprlejc flr
obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs tl jllpbretb wktc obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs, wcbrb bjlmlakj em
sljke` obvb`lpabmt ks e prklrkty et tcb metklme` emo lje` bvb`s-_cbrb erb e`sl lj e
ekr pl``utklm gbmbstts frla pursukmd drbbmc lusb desbs bakssklms aktkdetklm pl`kj
wckjc lwbr tcb mbt jlsts lf bakssklm rboujtklms emo tcbrbgy aey strbmdtcbm tc
kmjbmtkvbs tl pertkjkpetb km e d`lge` j`kaetb jcemdb aktkdetklm edrbbabmt-
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km E
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Zlurjb8 Tlr`o Wbslurjb Kmstktutb J`kaetb Eme`ysks Kmokjetlrs _ll` #JEK_+Vbrsklm ;-> gy tcb Tlr`o Wbslurjb Kmstktutb #7>57+ emo Zustekmeg`bBurlpb Wbsberjc-
Fkdurb 5-7
JL7 Bakssklm emo Wbslurjb Jlmsuaptklm km Eske, 7>>;
6,>>>
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#AtlfJL7bqukve`bmt+
Olabstkj Aetbrke` Jlmsuaptklm #At+
Mltbs8L KMO8 KmokeL KML8 KmolmbskeL H^M8 HepemL ILW8 Wbpug`kj lf IlrbeL ^CK8 ^ck`kppkmbsL ^WJ8 ^blp`bs Wbpug`kj lf JckmeL ZKM8 ZkmdeplrbL _CE8 _cek`emoL VKB8 Vkbt Mea
^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb
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3
J`kaetb jcemdb ks kobmtkstbo es e sbrklus jce``bmdb
flr plvbrty rboujtklm bfflrts km obvb`lpkmd
jlumtrkbs, pertkju`er`y gbjeusb tcbsb jlumtrkbs
cevb kaktbo jepejkty tl jlpb wktc jurrbmt j`kaetb
verkegk`kty emo bxtrbabs, mlt tl abmtklm futurb
j`kaetb jcemdb #Fkdurb 5-:+- Kmobbo, plvbrty emobmvkrlmabmte` mbbos bxejbrgetb tcb eovbrsb
jlmsbqubmjbs lf j`kaetb jcemdb- _cbrbflrb, tcb
obvb`lpabmt emo j`kaetb jcemdb jlaaumktkbs
jem grkmd tcbkr pbrspbjtkvbs tldbtcbr flr
bmvkrlmabmte``y sustekmeg`b emo sljke``y kmj`uskvb
bjlmlakj drlwtc emo `lw!jerglm, j`kaetb!rbsk`kbmt
obvb`lpabmt tcrludc kmtbdretbo epprlejcbs
#K^JJ 7>>4+- Eddrbdetb emmue` lssbs flr Eske
wlu`o gb 7-6"3-5" lf DO^ km 75>> #EOG 7>>;e+-
Et tcb seab tkab, obvb`lpabmt wk`` beo tl
bakssklms lf DCDs tcet wk`` bvbmtue``y
jlmtrkgutb tl j`kaetb jcemdb-
Fkdurb 5-:
J`kaetb Jcemdb, lvbrty, emo Obvb`lpabmt Mbxus
J`kaetbJcemdb
Kapejts
DCDBakssklms
^lvbrty Obvb`lpabmt
EoeptkvbJepejkty
Zlurjb8 Ieabyeae bt e` - #7>>3+-
5-7-7
D`lge` Ejtklms flr Aktkdetkmd J`kaetb Jcemdb
_cb mbw umobrstemokmd lf tcb kmi gbtwbbm
cuaem!kmoujbo bakssklms lf DCDs emo j`kaetb
jcemdb spurrbo tcb edrbbabmt je``bo tcb Rmktbo
Metklms Freabwlri Jlmvbmtklm lm J`kaetb Jcemd#RMFJJJ+ km 5;;7, fl``lwbo gy tcb eolptklm lf tcb
Iyltl rltljl` et tcb _ckro Jlmfbrbmjb lf tcb ertk
tl tcb _rbety #JL^ :+ km 5;;4- _cb Iyltl ^rltljl`,
wckjc bmtbrbo kmtl flrjb km 7>>2, dlvbrms tcb
quemtktetkvb bakssklm rboujtklm jlaaktabmts lf
kmoustrke`kzbo jlumtrkbs tcet gbjeab skdmetlrkbs t
tcb prltljl`- Tck`b tcb K^JJ rbplrts kap`y e mbbo
flr JL7 rboujtklms lf 6>"3>" frla obvb`lpbo
jlumtrkbs gy 7>2> #K^JJ 7>>4+, tcb Iyltl rltljl`
rbqukrbo lm`y e rboujtklm lf 2-7" lm evbredb frla
5;;> bvb`s flr tcb 7>>37>57 pbrklo- Obvb`lpkmd
jlumtrkbs, gbjeusb lf tcbkr obvb`lpabmte` mbbos,
erb mlt rbqukrbo tl jlaakt tl quemtktetkvb baksskl
rboujtklm lghbjtkvbs umtk` 7>57 umobr tcb prltljl`-
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km E
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Clwbvbr, tl gb alrb bffbjtkvb, futurb aktkdetklm
bfflrts wlu`o mbbo tl ejckbvb obbpbr rboujtklms
jlvbrkmd e ckdcbr scerb lf d`lge` bakssklms, wckjc
wk`` gbjlab alrb okfstju`t wktc tkab-
Kf mltckmd ks olmb, d`lge` bakssklms wk``
jlmtkmub tl kmjrbesb es e rbsu`t lf obaldrepckj
jcemdb, sljke` emo bjlmlakj obvb`lpabmt, emotcb jurrbmt retb lf tbjcml`ldkje` jcemdb- Gbtwbbm
5;4> emo 7>>?, d`lge` DCD bakssklms jeusbo gy
cuaem ejtkvktkbs kmjrbesbo gy 4>" skmjb prb!
kmoustrke` tkabs #K^JJ 7>>4+ emo JL7 bakssklms frla
tcb usb lf flssk` fub`s cevb gbbm drlwkmd et 5-;"
pbr yber #K^JJ 7>>4+- Rmobr jbrtekm sjbmerkls, tcb
Kmtbrmetklme` Bmbrdy Edbmjy #KBE+ flumo tcet mlm!
LBJO jlumtrkbs jlu`o gb rbsplmskg`b flr e`alst ;>"
lf drlwtc km bmbrdy obaemo emo ejjlumt flr mber`y
tcrbb!quertbrs lf d`lge` JL7 bakssklms km 7>2>jlaperbo wktc 7>>4 #KBE 7>5>e+-
_cb skdmkstjemt rksis lf em kmjrbesb km d`lge`
evbredb tbapbreturb lf alrb tcem 7J eglvb prb!
kmoustrke` bvb`s erb wb``!oljuabmtbo emo rbprbsbmt
tcrbets, bspbjke``y flr tcb pllr emo vu`mbreg`b
jlumtrkbs lf Eske #EOG 7>>;e9 Xcek emo Xcuemd
7>579 J`kmb 5;;7+- Dlvbrmabmts edrbbo et tcb 52tc
sbssklm lf tcb Jlmfbrbmjb lf tcb ertkbs #JL^ 52+
km Jlpbmcedbm lm tcb mbbo tl stegk`kzb tcb d`lge`tbapbreturb kmjrbesb et 7J eglvb prb!kmoustrke`
`bvb`s tl `kakt tcb kapejts lf j`kaetb jcemdb- _cb
gbst bstkaetb essuaptklm sclws tcet tcb alst
strkmdbmt sjbmerkls, wckjc jlu`o `kakt d`lge` abem
tbapbreturb kmjrbesbs tl 7->J7-?J eglvb prb!
kmoustrke` `bvb`s, rbqukrb bakssklms tl pbei wktckm
5> ybers frla 7>>4 #K^JJ 7>>4+- B`bvbm lf tcb 57
ybers frla 5;;2 tl 7>>6 remi ealmd tcb werabst
ybers km tcb kmstruabmte` rbjlro lf d`lge` surfejb
tbapbreturb, abesurbo skmjb 532>- D`lge` evbredb
surfejb tbapbreturbs kmjrbesbo gy eglut >-4?J lvbr
tcb 5>> ybers frla 5;>6 tl 7>>2 #K^JJ 7>>4+- _cb
d`lge` evbredb tbapbreturb kmjrbesb jem gb kaktbo
tl 7->J7-?J kf wb erb eg`b tl stegk`kzb tcb d`lge`
jlmjbmtretklm lf JL7, tcb prkmjkpe` emtcrlpldb
DCD, et ??2?;>ppa- Km 7>>2, etalspcbrkj JL
jlmjbmtretklms ceo kmjrbesbo gy e`alst 5>> p
eglvb prb!kmoustrke` `bvb`s, rbejckmd :4; ppa
#K^JJ 7>>4+- _cb muabrlus aktkdetklm abesur
tcet cevb gbbm umobrteibm gy aemy pertkbs tl
tcb RMFJJJ erb kmeobquetb flr rbvkskmd lvbreDCD bakssklms trbmos tl tcb bxtbmt mbbobo-
Ourkmd tcb RMFJJJ jlmfbrbmjbs km
Jlpbmcedbm km 7>>; emo Jemjum km 7>5>, sbvb
obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs sugakttbo metklme` y
epprlprketb aktkdetklm ejtklms #MEAEs+,
wckjc obsjrkgb olabstkj bakssklm aktkdetklm
ejtkvktkbs #_eg`b 5-5+ jerrkbo lut wktc emo wktcl
kmtbrmetklme` supplrt, emo wckjc erb sughbjt t
olabstkj abesurbabmt, rbplrtkmd emo vbrkstj
#AWV+, rbplrtbo tcrludc metklme` jlaaumkjeEt tcb RMFJJJ Ourgem JL^ 54 km 7>55,
dlvbrmabmts edrbbo tl orew up e mbw obe`
wktc bde` flrjb tl gb skdmbo gy e`` jlumtrkbs,
tl gb prbperbo gy 7>52 emo teib bffbjt km 7>7>
_cb Ourgem `etflra flr Ejtklm #Glx 5-5+ mltbo
wktc drevb jlmjbrm tcb skdmkstjemt dep gbtwbb
jlumtrkbs aktkdetklm p`bodbs flr 7>7> emo tcb
`kib`y jcemjb lf cl`okmd tcb kmjrbesb km d`lge`
tbapbreturb tl 5-2J7->J eglvb prb!kmoustrke`bvb`s- Gkd okffbrbmjbs bxkst km tcb jlaaktabm
lf verklus Eskem jlumtrkbs, gesbo prkaerk`y lm
tcb strujturb lf tcbkr bmbrdy bjlmlakbs- Kmobb
prkaery bmbrdy rbqukrbabmts emo tcb rbsu`tkm
bakssklms obpbmo lm fejtlrs sujc es tcb bvb`
kmoustrke`kzetklm, bjlmlakj strujturb, bmbrdy a
`bvb` lf altlrkzetklm, emo tcb typb emo evek`eg
lf olabstkj bmbrdy rbslurjbs-
^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb
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5>
Jlumtry Aktkdetklm ejtklms
L Gcutem Bmsurkmd tcet bakssklms ol mlt bxjbbo jlumtrys sbqubstretklm jepejkty
L ^WJ Wboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms pbr umkt lf DO^ gy ?>"?2" gb`lw 7>>2 `bvb`s gy 7>7>
Kmjrbesb lf scerb frla mlm!flssk` fub`s tl supp`y 52" lf prkaery bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm gy 7>7>
Kmjrbesb lf flrbst jlvbr gy ?> ak``klm cbjterbs gy 7>7>
Kmjrbesb lf flrbst stlji vl`uab gy 5-: gk``klm jugkj abtbrs eglvb 7>>2 `bvb`s gy 7>7>
L Kmoke Wboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms pbr umkt lf DO^ gy 7>"72" gb`lw 7>>2 `bvb`s gy 7>7>
Kmjrbesb lf tcb frejtklm lf b`bjtrkjkty obrkvbo frla wkmo, sl`er, emo sae`` cyorl tl 7>" km 7>7>
#frla tcb jurrbmt `bvb` lf 3"+
Eolptklm lf guk`okmd bmbrdy jlobs gy 7>57
Eolptklm lf fub` bfstjkbmjy stemoeros gy 7>55
Kmjrbesb lf flrbst jlvbr tl sbqubstbr 5>" lf emmue` bakssklms km Kmokes flrbsts
L
Kmolmbske Wboujtklm lf bakssklms tl 76" gb`lw guskmbss!es!usue` bvb`s gy 7>7> ejckbvbo tcrludc8 Zustekmeg`b pbet`emo aemedbabmt
Wboujtklm km tcb retb lf obflrbstetklm emo `emo obdreoetklm
Kaprlvbabmt lf jerglm sbqubstretklm
^rlaltklm lf bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy, emo e`tbrmetkvb emo rbmbweg`b bmbrdy slurjbs
Wboujtklm km sl`ko emo `kquko westb
@lw!jerglm tremsplrt
L Hepem Bjlmlay!wkob rboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms gy 72" gb`lw 5;;> `bvb`s gy 7>7> gesbo
lm tcb prbaksb lf tcb bsteg`kscabmt lf e fekr emo bffbjtkvb kmtbrmetklme` freabwlri km wckjc e``
aehlr bjlmlakbs pertkjkpetb
L Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbe Wboujtklm lf bakssklms tl :>" gb`lw prlhbjtbo `bvb`s gy 7>7>, wckjc bquetbs tl epprlxkaetb`y
?" gb`lw 7>>2 `bvb`s
L Ae`eyske Wboujtklm lf DCD bakssklm kmtbmskty gy ?>" gb`lw 7>>2 bvb`s gy 7>7>
L Ae`okvbs Ejckbvb jerglm mbutre`kty es e jlumtry gy 7>7>
L Almdl`ke E sbrkbs lf ejtklms kmj`uokmd kmjrbesb lf pcltlvl`tekj #^V+, sl`er, emo wkmo utk`kzetklm,
emo kaprlvbabmt lf bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy
L Zkmdeplrb Wboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms tl 56" gb`lw prlhbjtbo `bvb`s gy 7>7>, jlmtkmdbmt lm e
`bde``y!gkmokmd d`lge` edrbbabmt
L _cek`emo Wboujtklm lf bmbrdy kmtbmskty abesurbo gy bmbrdy pbr DO^ tl 585
Kmjrbesb tl scerb lf rbmbweg`b bmbrdkbs tl 7>" gy 7>77
L Vkbt Mea Wboujb bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm gy 2"3" gy 7>52
Kmjrbesb jlmtrkgutklm lf rbmbweg`b bmbrdy slurjbs tl lvbr 2" km 7>7>, emo 55" km 7>2>
_eg`b 5-5
Vl`umtery `bodbs aeob km Jlpbmcedbm tcrludc
Metklme``y Epprlprketb Aktkdetklm Ejtklms
Zlurjb8 RMFJJJ #7>55+-
@lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km E
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jerglm obvb`lpabmt- _cb lutjlab oljuabmt _cb Futur
wb wemt urdbs jlumtrkbs tl abesurb cuaem wb``!gbkmd
emo sustekmegk`kty wktc e grleo sbt lf tll`s, retcbr tceme merrlw abtrkj sujc es drlss olabstkj prloujt #DO^+-
Kt rbbapceskzbs tcb fu`st``abmt lf lfstjke` obvb`lpabmt
esskstemjb #LOE+ jlaaktabmts, kmj`uokmd tcb jlaaktab
gy obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs tl ejckbvb tcb terdbt lf >-4" lf
drlss metklme` prloujt flr LOE tl obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs g
7>52, es wb`` es e terdbt lf >-52">-7>" lf drlss metklm
prloujt flr LOE tl best obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs- Kt ks kaplrt
flr tcb repko`y drlwkmd metklms lf Eske tl jepkte`kzb lm tcb
lpplrtumktkbs evek`eg`b flr lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc emo
kmvbst cbevk`y km cuaem jepkte` tl bmjluredb jktkzbms emo
kmoustrkbs tlwero sustekmeg`b jlmsuaptklm emo prloujt
prejtkjbs-_cb Olce J`kaetb Jcemdb Jlmfbrbmjb tcet jlmj`uo
lm 3 Objbagbr 7>57 ces rbsu`tbo km objksklms #j`uggbo
tldbtcbr es Olce J kaetb Detbwey+ ekabo et eovemjkmd tc
kap`babmtetklm lf tcb Rmktbo Metklms Freabwlri Jlmvbmt
lm J kaetb Jcemdb #RMFJJJ+ emo kts Iyltl ^rltljl #I^+-
_cb Olce Jlmfbrbmjb ces sujjbbobo km jerrykmd lut
eabmoabmts tl tcb I^ aeikmd tcb sbjlmo jlaaktabmt pb
lf bakssklm rboujtklm gy I pertkbs bffbjtkvb kaaboketb`y
gbdkmmkmd 5 Hemuery 7>5:- E`tcludc tcb bakssklm rboujtklm
lg`kdetklms umobrteibm gy tcb Emmbx K pertkbs erb mlt es
eagktklus es rbqukrbo gy sjkbmjb, tcb I pertkbs cevb edrbb
tl kap`babmt tcb terdbts lvbr em 3 yber pbrklo #7>5:7>7>+tcus prlvkokmd e obdrbb lf jbrtekmty tl tcb jerglm aeribts- K
ces gbbm edrbbo tcet tcb I pertkbs wk` rbvkskt tcbkr terdbts
km 7>5? wktc e vkbw tl kmjrbeskmd tcbkr eagktklm9 tcks wk`` gb
umjlmoktklme` emo wk`` cevb ml kmiedb wktc tcb wlri lf tcb
Ourgem `etflra- Et Olce, tcb wlri lf tcb Ourgem `etflra
sbt up flr obvkskmd tcb plst!7>7> erremdbabmts prldrbssbo
setksfejtlrk`y- Km e skdmkstjemt emo plsktkvb eovemjb, kt ces gb
edrbbo tcet tcb wlri lf tcb Ourgem `etflra wk`` gb gesbo
lm tcb prkmjkp`bs lf tcb Jlmvbmtklm- Es emmlumjbo gy tcb RM
Zbjrbtery Dbmbre , tcb objksklm rbjldmkzbs tcb plsskgk kty l
cl`okmd e abbtkmd lf cbeos lf dlvbrmabmts emo stetbs km
7>52 tl stme`kzb tcb Edrbbabmt-
Et Ourgem km Objbagbr 7>55, ob`bdetbs edrbbo tl e jlapejt,
twl!pedb oljuabmt tcet sbts lut e altkvetklm emo prljbss
flr rbejckmd e mbw edrbbabmt lm bakssklms rboujtklm gy7>52, tl gb kap`babmtbo gy 7>7>- Kt ejckbvbs lmb sae``
stbp gy essbrtkmd tcet tcb lutjlab wk`` gb epp`kjeg`b tl e``
pertkbs- _cb Jemjum edrbbabmt lf 7>5> e``lws jlumtrkbs
tl stetb tcbkr olabstkj bakssklms rboujtklm jlaaktabmts
pug`kj`y emo e``lws tclsb jlaaktabmts tl gb rbvkbwbo gy
tcb kmtbrmetklme` jlaaumkty- Et Ourgem, ob`bdetbs edrbbo
mbw prljbourbs flr abesurbabmt, rbplrtkmd emo vbrkstjetklm
#AWV+ flr vl`umtery jlaaktabmts, emo flr kmtbrmetklme`
jlmsu`tetklm tl kmjrbesb jlmstobmjb km prldrbss tlwero tcb
fu`st``abmt lf tcbsb p`bodbs-
_cb Ourgem p`etflra jlmtekms tcrbb kaplrtemt
b`babmts- Fkrst, kt mltbs wktc drevb jlmjbrm tcb skdmkstjemtdep gbtwbbm jlumtrkbs aktkdetklm p`bodbs km tbras lf d`lge`
rboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms gy 7>7> emo tcb kib`y jcemjb
lf cl`okmd tcb kmjrbesb km d`lge` tbapbreturb tl 5-2J7->J
eglvb prb!kmoustrke` bvb`s- _cks stetbabmt rbkmflrjbs tcb
sjkbmtkstj edrbbabmt tcet e terdbt lf 5-2J lr 7->J werakmd
wlu`o rbsu`t km fer bss skdmkstjemt kapejts frla j`kaetb
jcemdb tcem e ckdcbr d`lge` tbapbreturb kmjrbesb- Zbjlmo,
tcb p`etflra essbrts tcet jlumtrkbs sclu`o `eumjc e prljbss
tl obvb`lp e prltljl`, emltcbr bde` kmstruabmt lr em edrbbo
lutjlab wktc bde` flrjb umobr tcb RMFJJJ epp`kjeg`b tl
e`` pertkbs- _ckro, kt stetbs tcet tcks edrbbabmt sclu`o gb
prbperbo gy 7>52 emo tcet emy rbsu`tkmd rboujtklms sclu`ogbdkm gy 7>7>- _cb 7>52 obeo`kmb ks rb`etkvb`y sclrt gy
kmtbrmetklme` mbdltketklm stemoeros, kmjrbeskmd tcb prbssurb
tl jlmj`uob e obe` km tcb mber futurb-
_cb 7>57 Rmktbo Metklms Jlmfbrbmjb lm Zustekmeg`b
Obvb`lpabmt, e`sl imlwm es Wkl)7>, tlli p`ejb 7> ybers
eftbr tcb emoaeri suaakt km Wkl ob Hembkrl km 5;;7- E iby
tcbab tcet olakmetbo tcb ob`kgbretklms wes tcb jlmjbpt
lf e drbbm bjlmlay- Et e tkab wcbm tcb bjlmlakj emo
stmemjke` jrksbs aeib tcb cbeo`kmbs, wlr`o beobrs edrbbo
tl pusc flrwero e drbbm bjlmlay tl ejckbvb sustekmeg`b
obvb`lpabmt emo plvbrty breokjetklm, gesbo lm tcb prkmjkp`b
lf jlaalm gut okffbrbmtketbo rbsplmskgk`kty emo lw!
Glx 5-5
Ourgem ^`etflra, Wkl)7> Zuaakt,
emo Olce J`kaetb Detbwey
Zlurjb8 EOGEOGK stuoy tbea-
^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb
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Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt Ok`baaes
lf Babrdkmd Eske
Es e jlmsbqubmjb lf repko jerglm!kmtbmskvb drlwtc,
tcb rbdklm ks gbjlakmd tcb festbst drlwkmd bakttbr
lf DCD bakssklms- Wbjbmt bstkaetbs suddbst tcet
Eske ejjlumts flr 74" lf tcb wlr`os bmbrdy rb`etboJL7 bakssklms emo tcb scerb ks kib`y tl kmjrbesb
tl ??" gy 7>:> #Fkdurb 5-?+- _cb rbdklm ks prbokjtbo
tl bxpbrkbmjb e stbeoy rksb km urgem plpu`etklm
#Ilc`k, Zcerae, emo Zllo 7>55+9 e scerp kmjrbesb km
bmbrdy usb #Kmstktutb lf Bmbrdy Bjlmlakjs, Hepem
7>55+9 e surdb km tcb skzb lf tcb vbckj`b bbt9 emo
em kmjrbesb km tcb lutput lf jerglm!kmtbmskvb
kmoustrkbs #Zjckppbr, Fegkem, emo @betcbr 7>>;+-
_cb futurb lf d`lge` bjlmlakj drlwtc obpbmos lm
tcb prlspbjts emo pbrflraemjb lf babrdkmd Eskemjlumtrkbs- Tck`b tcb dbmbre` trbmo suddbsts aehlr
bjlmlakbs lf tcb rbdklm, sujc es tcb WJ emo Kmoke,
cevb gbjlab emo wk`` jlmtkmub tl gb aehlr slurjbs
lf bakssklms, pbr jepkte bakssklms jlmtkmub tl gb
`lwbr tcem tclsb lf kmoustrke`kzbo jlumtrkbs-
Em kmvbmtlry lf DCD bakssklms #_eg`b 5-7+
flr aehlr jlumtrkbs ejrlss Eske kmokjetbs e prbsskmd
mbbo flr skdmkstjemt bakssklm rboujtklms wktckm
e sclrt tkab freab- _l cevb e drbetbr jcemjb lfejckbvkmd `lwbr stegk`kzetklm `bvb`s, em bakssklms
pbei emo tcbm obj`kmb wlu`o cevb tl ljjur qukji`y,
emo drbetbr bakssklms rboujtklms gy 7>2> wlu`o gb
rbqukrbo #K^JJ 7>>4+-
_cb kap`kjetklms lf d`lge` werakmd cb`p
tl sbt tcb freab flr pl`kjy aeikmd ekabo et DCD
bakssklms rboujtklms- Tck`b alob`kmd futurb
tbapbreturb kmjrbesb ks sbmsktkvb tl iby essuaptkl
eglut bjlmlakj drlwtc emo pl`kjy kmtbrvbmtklms,
kt ks wlrtc mltkmd tcet pe`blj`kaetkj kmflraetklm
supplrts tcb kmtbrprbtetklm tcet tcb weratc lf tc`est ce`f jbmtury ks umusue` et best km tcb prbvklus
5,:>> ybers- _cb est tkab tcb pl`er rbdklms wbrb
skdmkstjemt y werabr flr em bxjbbobo pbrklo #eglu
572,>>> ybers edl+, rboujtklms km pl`er kjb vl`uab
`bo tl e sbe `bvb` rksb lf ?6 abtbrs #K^JJ 7>>4+-
Dbldrepckje``y, Mlrtc Eabrkje, Eske, emo
tcb Akoo`b Best cevb orkvbm tcb rksb km bakssklms
skmjb 5;47- Obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs #RMFJJJ Emmbx 5
jlumtrkbs+ cl`o e 7>" scerb
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