lsc 314 midterm review basic grammar. red flags signaling passive sentences was found to be….was...
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Red Flags signaling Passive Sentences
Was found to be….was thought to be…was given…was sought by…was influenced by….is being ____
Is (verb)_____by Is being_____ (verb) Was____ (verb) for
Passive Voice
The man is being sought by police for questioning
Object Verb Subject (Man) (is being sought) (Police)
Someone or something is being acted upon (red flag words: is being)
Active Voice
Police sought the man for questioning Subject Verb Object (Police) (sought) (man)
Someone acts; something is or does
Passive Voice
Einstein’s theories were heavily influenced by the natural world.
Object Verb Subject (theories) (were influenced) (nat. world)
Someone or something is being acted upon (red flag words: were influenced by)
Active Voice
The natural world heavily influenced Einstein’s theories.
Subject Verb Object (Nat. World) (influenced) (theories)
Someone acts; something is or does
Passive Voice
Mrs Smith has been asked by Democrats to run for Congress.
Object Verb Subject (Mrs. Smith) (been asked) (Democrats)
Someone or something is being acted upon (red flag words: been asked by)
Active Voice
The Democrats asked Mrs. Smith to run for Congress.
Subject Verb Object (Democrats) (asked) (Mrs. Smith)
Someone acts; something is or does
Singular Noun-Singular Verb
The UW Marching Band were at the game. (Incorrect)
The UW Marching Band is at the game.
(correct)
“Band” is singular; takes a singular verb
Singular Noun-Singular Verb
The Media is to blame for society’s violence. (incorrect)
The Media are to blame for society’s violence.
(correct)
“Media” is plural; takes a plural verb
(medium is the singular of media)
Singular Noun-Singular Verb
The group of farmers are planting hay. (incorrect)
The group of farmers is planting hay.
(correct)
“group” is singular; takes a singular verb
Pronouns: Which to use?
I or me? He or him? She or her?
She gave him and I a kiss. (incorrect) She gave him and me a kiss. (correct)
Break the sentence down: She gave me a kiss. She gave I a kiss…or…She gave him a kiss. She gave me a kiss)
Pronouns: Which to use?
I or me? He or him? She or her?
You and me had a really good time (incorrect) You and I had a really good time. (correct)
Break the sentence down: You had a good time. Me had a good time…or…You had a good time. I had a good time.
Writing Conversationally
The fire started when a main gas line to the building burst, according to the city’s fire marshal. (Say it out loud. Would you really say this?)
The city’s fire marshal says a ruptured gas main caused the fire.
The fire marshal knows the cause of the fire. He says it was a broken gas main.
Writing Conversationally
Lawyers for the death row inmate, who is scheduled to die next week in the state’s electric chair, have filed affidavits seeking a plea for a hearing on what they say is new evidence. (wrong)
A death row inmate may get a new trial. His lawyers made that request, claiming they have new evidence. The inmate is scheduled to die in the electric chair next week. (right)
Avoid clichés
Long ago and far away…hanging in the balance…between a rock and hard place…fickle-finger of fate…sands of time …brink of disaster…dark and stormy night …tall, dark, handsome stranger…the battles lines are drawn … the good die young…dirty, rotten scoundrels.
Interviewing
Pronounce and spell interviewee’s name at the beginning of the interview
Warm them up, get them comfortable Ask “Grand Tour” questions first LISTEN, then probe more deeply Watch for non-verbal cues, First-person to Second-
person shifts, active to passive shifts. Give them an opportunity to add more to the interview
(ie., “Is there anything I didn’t ask that you’d like to discuss?)
Camera Moves
Zoom (in-out using lens) Pan (left-right, camera moves horizontally) Tilt (camera moves up and down) Dolly or truck (in-out, left-right, up-down,
camera moves on a crane or boom) Cant (camera at oblique angle)
Phases of production
Preproduction Plan, research, pre-interview, script, gather
archival material, scout locations, develop a timeline, create a budget, beg for money, etc.
Production Light, shoot, pan & scan photos, compose music
Postproduction Edit, sweeten, market, distribute
Chapter 3: Image Formation
NTSC: 30 frames per second 2 scanning fields:
Interlaced scanning scans every other line, then goes back and scans the lines that were skipped (ie. 1080i)
Progressive scanning scans every line (ie.780p)
•Analog = non-digital electrical copy
•Digital = discontinuous signal that samples a number of successive points. Binary digits or bits are 0 or 1.
Camera Parts Lens Viewfinder CCD (“charge-coupled
device”) for imaging Little chip that has
vertical and horizontal rows of millions of light-sensing pixels
Iris and Aperture
The lower the F Stop, the larger the aperture and the more light transmitted (low light needs low f stop)
The higher the F Stop, the smaller the aperture and the less light is transmitted (bright light needs high f stop)
Beam Splitter Divides light into red, green, blue
CCD converts light beams
to electric energy and creates video signal
Types of Light Directional Diffused
White Balance
• Daylight (blue)
• Incandescent (yellow)
• Florescent (green)
Indoor Three-point Lighting Key light Back light Fill light
Indoor Two-Point Lighting
–Key light (with blue filter!)–Window as Back light
Use: -barn doors - scrims - umbrellas - gels
to diffuse & soften light
W
Field Lighting
Overcast conditions are ideal
Bright light
use neutral density filter
use reflector to bounce light
Dynamic (rugged, less sensitive
Consenser (less rugged, more sensitive)
Ribbon (most sensitive)
MICS
Sensitivity
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